Platanillo (Heliconia)

All the heliconia They are spectacular plants, with very, very lively flowers that make any corner look very cheerful. They are also very popular, especially in regions where the climate is warm, since their cultivation is quite simple.

As if that were not enough, they can be kept indoors with a lot of light, so if there are frosts in your area you will have the option of enjoying them anyway 🙂. Discover more.

Origin and characteristics

These are perennial and rhizomatous herbaceous plants native to the tropical regions of South America, Central America, the Pacific islands, and Indonesia, popularly known as platanillo, bird of paradise (not to be confused with the Strelitzia), lobster claw or simply heliconia. They can reach heights of up to 6 meters, with large, whole and petiolate leaves, green in color.

What we know as flowers, are actually inflorescences formed by bracts (modified leaves that protect the flowers themselves) of colors such as red, yellow, orange, or bicolor.

Main species

The Heliconia genus is made up of about 100 species, the following being the most popular:

• Heliconia bihai: it is native to Central and South America. It reaches a maximum height of 3 meters, and produces red inflorescences.
• heliconia rostrata: It is native to the tropical jungles of Central and South America. It can reach a maximum height of three meters, with leaves of up to 1,20m. The inflorescences are hanging, 30 to 60cm, and red.
• Heliconia psittacorum: It is native to the Caribbean, as well as South America. It reaches a maximum height of two meters, and produces orange-red inflorescences.

What are their cares?

Would you like to have a copy? If so, we recommend that you provide the following care:

Location

• Body exterior:: it is important that it is in a bright area but without direct sunlight as otherwise it would burn.
• Interior: the room must be bright, without drafts, and with high humidity. The latter can be achieved by buying a humidifier or by placing containers with water around the plant.

Earth

• Garden: the soil must be rich in organic matter, well drained, and preferably somewhat acidic.
• Flower pot: mix 60% mulch (on sale here) with 30% perlite (get it here) and 10% worm castings (you will find it here).

Irrigation

Heliconia are plants that live in rainforests, so they do not resist drought. But also, it must be taken into account that waterlogging does not do them well either, since if the earth were constantly wet during the winter, its roots would be greatly damaged.

Therefore, it is highly advisable to check the humidity of the soil before proceeding to water. In this way, the risk of root rot is almost minimized. How do you do that? Very easy. You can:

• Use a digital humidity meter: when you enter it, it will tell you if it is humid or not.
• Insert a thin wooden stick: if it comes out with adhering soil when it is removed, it will not be necessary to water yet.
• Dig about 5-7cm next to the plant: at that depth if you see that it is darker and / or cooler than on the surface, do not water.
• Weigh the pot once it has been watered and again after a few days: this difference in weight will serve as a guide to know when to water.

Multiplication

It multiplies by seeds or separation of suckers in spring-summer. Let's see how to proceed in each case:

Seeds

1. First, you have to fill a seedling tray (like this one from here) with mulch mixed with 30% perlite.
2. Then, it is watered consciously.
3. Next, a maximum of two seeds are placed in each socket.
4. Afterwards, they are covered with a thin layer of substrate, and sprayed on the surface.
5. Finally, the tray is placed outside, in semi-shade.

They will germinate in 2 weeks or so.

Separation of suckers

For this, what you have to do is wait for the suckers to have an easily manipulable size (about 10-15cm high), dig a little around with a small hand hoe and then separate them with a serrated knife that will have been disinfected before. with pharmacy alcohol or a little dishwasher.

Once this is done, the base is impregnated with homemade rooting agents and are planted in individual pots.

Planting or transplanting time

In spring. In case of having it in a pot, touch transplant every 2 or 3 years.

Rusticity

The heliconia they are sensitive to cold. The minimum temperature should not drop below 5ºC if you want to grow them all year round outside.

What uses do they have?

• Cut flower: the inflorescences can last up to 20 days once cut, so they are used in bouquets and floral compositions.
• Ornamental plant: when the weather is good, they are used a lot to decorate the gardens, and when not, they are kept indoors.
• Culinary: there are some species, such as Heliconia bihai, whose rhizome is edible once roasted or cooked. In addition, the leaves are often used a lot in the preparation of regional dishes.
• Reforestation: they are plants that protect watercourses, and are key pieces to revive an area that has been deforested as they attract tropical flora, such as hummingbirds, which feed on their pollen.

What did you think of the heliconia?