Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila)

Ulmus pumila (Siberian elm) is native to Siberia

Ulmus pumila (Siberian elm) is native to Siberia, but it also grows in Korea, North China, and elsewhere. In North America, the Siberian elm is used as a landscaped tree suitable for low quality sites, where few trees take hold.

It is important to recognize its different characteristics to identify Ulmus pumila.

Ulmus pumila characteristics

The Ulmus pumila or Siberian elm is a deciduous tree, very resistant to cold

The Ulmus pumila or Siberian elm is a deciduous tree, very cold resistant. Supports temperatures down to -30 ° C.

It is large, being able to reach 20 meters in height. With a wide and vertical crown, its leaves are small, 3 to 4 cm long and elliptical in shape. They are deciduous, lanceolate and toothed, smooth, dark green in color, although in autumn they turn yellow and finally red.

Blooms in early spring and during the winter its bark is copper colored.

It has small, greenish flowers that bloom in early spring. Produce a seed rounded known as samara. This seed is about 12 mm in diameter, equipped with a deep notch at its tip, and is green in color.

Agronomic and environmental characteristics

The Ulmus pumila adapts to any type of terrain, although it prefers cool, deep and well-drained soils. It has high resistance to drought and air pollution. It adapts to both the sun and partial shade.

When you have reached the desired size, it is recommended to reduce watering.

Uses of Ulmus pumila or Siberian elm

Ulmus pumila is very suitable for urban green areas, road embankment lining and hillsides and is ideal for avenues. Likewise It is suitable for afforesting uncultivated and neglected areas.

They produce weak wood and are prone to insect problems, which makes them less favorable for home gardens. Proper maintenance helps promote strong tree growth.

Cultivation of Ulmus pumila

Prepare the growth site, eliminating all weeds. Do not plant the tree next to structures or vehicles that could be damaged by falling branches.

Water slowly, until the soil is impregnated.Place three to four inches of organic mulch in the root area of ​​the tree.

Keep the mulch at a distance of five to six centimeters from the trunk.

During the first growing season, it is recommended to put water in the periods of little rain. Siberian elms are resistant to drought and they just need extra water during the extremely dry season, and once its roots are established.

Use fertilizers in the fall.

Prune broken, damaged and dead branches, As many times as necessary.

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Ulmus pumila benefits

Rapid growth, in three years it can reach a height of six meters.

With a collection every three to five years, can supply wood for heating.

Good windbreak.

You have few needs (regarding the land and care).

High ability to filter and neutralize dusts.

Ability to shading.

Ulmus pumila care

Ulmus pumila care

For the best developmentIt is recommended to plant in places that go from full sun to partial shade.

Siberian elm trees can be grown in any type of soil with good drainage.

Maintain a soil pH of 5.5 and 8.0. Siberian elm tolerates alkaline conditions.Prune the tree with the aim of developing a robust structure. It is important not to cover the Siberian elm, because this method of pruning causes injury and decay, which promote vigorous growth or dense and vertical branches.

Examine the ulmus pumila regularly, to solve pest problems that can harm the health of the plant. Look for sucking insects like mites and bed bugs and also insects like elm leaf beetles.

Eliminate elm leaf cockroaches, and identify the damage of these. These damages consist of holes in the leaves.

Do not use herbicides in Siberian elms as they are sensitive to these chemicals and can cause injury.


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