Camellias: kuchengetedza uye kubereka

ari camellias Iyo zvirimwa zvinoshandiswa zvinoshongedzwa zviri zviviri mukati nekunze. Icho chirimwa chekumabvazuva chakatangira chakauya kuEurope kubva kuruoko rwevaJesuit. Kune mhando dzinopfuura makumi masere dzakasiyana dzemiti nemakwenzi ane mhando dzakasiyana dzemaruva. Maruva ese ane hukuru hwekushongedza sezvo iwo aine runako rukuru. Nekudaro, izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uzive kwazvo kwazvo kuchengetwa uye kudzikiswa kwekamellias kuti uwane zvakazara mazviri.

Naizvozvo, muchinyorwa chino tiri kuzokuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve kuchengetwa uye kuberekwazve kwekamellias.

Mhando huru

Maruva ayo akakura, kunyangwe chimiro chavo chinoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana. Iyo yakapusa corolla ine peturu shanu uye mazhinji mapoka e stamens. Doubles uye semi-mairi ane mamwe peturu, akavharwa zvakanyanya, uye anogona kutendeuka kunge peonies uye maruva. Ruvara rwemaruva runotangira kuchena kuenda kune yepepuru, salmon, yero, tsvuku, pingi kana bicolor. Mashizha acho akaenzana, akareba, ane mitsetse ine simbi uye poindi kumagumo, yakajeka kwazvo yakasvibira, nerakareruka pasi. Ichi chirimwa chiratidzo chehupenyu hurefu, hupfumi, mufaro.

MuGalicia pane tsika refu yekurima camellia, iyo inonzi iruva reRías Bajas. Munzvimbo ino unogona kuona mienzaniso yakanaka, kubvira 1965 iyo International Camellia Exhibition inoitwa gore rega rega, uko kunoratidzirwa zviyeuchidzo.

Camellia kutarisira

Camellia inokoshesa kupisa, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuti uzviise munzvimbo inotonhorera mumba uye munzvimbo ine hunyoro kuitira kuti vabudirire pasina matambudziko. Kana iwe uine chinjiri, chibudise kunze sezvo chisinganyanye. Ehe, shandisa mashanga uye kuhukura kuchengetedza ivhu.

Ivhu kwarinokura zvakanaka rinofanira kuva neacid pH. Iwe unogona kuita izvi nekuwedzera imwe nhete yeheather, chestnut ivhu, kana goridhe peat. Ehe, uchavawana muchitoro chebindu pasina dambudziko. Unogona kusarudza maruva akakura kana mamwe maruva. Kana iwe uchida iyo yekutanga, iwe uchafanirwa kusiya bhudhi kune rimwe nerimwe bazi kana bhudhi uye utanhe mamwe mabukira.

Iyo yakakodzera nguva iri mushure mekutumbuka. Nzira yekuita izvi ndeyekumisa matavi ese, kutanga nekuiswa kwebhudhi, kucheka pamusoro pechipiri kana chechitatu bhudhi. Naizvozvo, matavi matsva anozoonekwa gore rinouya uye maruva mazhinji achatumbuka.

Zvinodiwa

Ngatione izvo zvinongodikanwa uye zvakadzama zvinodikanwa izvo camellias zvinoda kuchengetwa kwavo uye kubereka.

• Kuti chirimwa chikure zvakajairika, Inoda mwenje wakawandisa, asi chenjera kuti usaifumure kune kunonoka kwezuva. Kutungamira kwezuva kwenguva yakareba kunogona kupisa maruva ako uye kudzivirira kubva mukukura zvakanaka.
• Iko kuoma nekukura camellia mumba ndeyekuti haigone kubvumidzwa munzvimbo yakavharwa uye inopisa, saka Izvo zvinodikanwa kuchengetedza iyo ambient mwando pamusoro pe60% uye tembiricha iri pakati pe5-12 ° C.
• Muzhizha, tinodiridza tichienderera, uye munguva yechando, kudiridza kuchave kwakapfava. Zvakakosha, panguva yemwedzi mitatu yemaruva, inogamuchira mvura shomashoma, saka iyo peduncle inoumba yakasimba uye inotsigira huremu hwemabukira. Kana tichidiridza zvinokurudzirwa kudhiraina zvakanaka, tinoshandisa mvura inodziya, kunyanya inonaya mvura kana mamineral mvura, nekuti haina lime. Kana zvisiri, tinowedzera vhiniga shoma pombi yemvura.
• Isu ticharapa iyo camellias nesimbi chelate kana mamwe mafirita ane acidic mushure mekutumbuka. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa imwe yakasarudzika mafetiraiza acidophilic zvirimwa.

Izvi zvinomera zvinogona kukonzera mamwe matambudziko mukutarisira kwavo, saka zvinotevera zvinofanirwa kufungwa nezvazvo:

• Camellia anorasikirwa necockoon yake asati avhura. Izvi zvinokonzereswa nekudiridza kwakanyanya kana kushanduka kamwe kamwe mukushisa. Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, isa zvirimwa munzvimbo inopenya uye inotonhorera, uye gara uchidzora kuwandisa kwemvura.
• Mashizha emuti anotsvukirira uye bhatani harivheneke. Zvingangodaro, iwe hauna ivhu chairo uye ivhu harina acidic yakakwana.
• Kune akawanda masirivara mavara pamashizha. Izvi zvinoitika kana chirimwa chiine chakuvhe chinonzi Pestalozia guepini. Kuti uibvise, bvisa mashizha akabatwa uye shandisa fungicide.
• Mapundu madiki anoonekwa pamashizha. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo camellia yarova. Kuti uibvise, pfapfaidza chaiyo fungicide. Unogona kuzvitenga muzvitoro zvine hunyanzvi.

Dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira

Isu tinofanirwa kuziva kuti iwo anotonhorera zvirimwa zvinomera, saka kune humwe hunyengeri hwekudzivirira muti kuti usadzikisirwe netembiricha yakaderera. Ngatione kuti ndedzipi idzi mhando:

1. Bvisa zvirimwa kubva pahwindo husiku. Kana iri padyo nepahwindo, zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko mukusimudzira kwemaruva.
2. Kana iwe ukavasiya kunze, vhara zvirongo zvavari mukati nemabhodhi ekuputira kuti uvadzivirire kubva kuchando.. Zvakare, vaise pamapuranga emapuranga kana chero chinhu chipi zvacho kuti vadzivirire pasi.
3. Fukidza substrate nehuswa, mulch, uye kuhukura. Nenzira iyi, iyo substrate ichave yakadzivirirwa zvakanyanya kubva kuchingoerekana zvachinja mukushisa.
4. Usadiridzire kana kuisa fetiraiza pamazuva echando. Izvi zvinoita kuti isakwanise kushandisa zvinovaka muviri.
5. Kana iwe uine zvirimwa zvine zvinomera, shandisa mapepanhau kana mabhero egirazi kuvadzivirira usiku.

Kubereka camellias

Kana tichiisa kana kudyara camellia, isu tinoshandisa yakakosha substrate inogadzirwa kubva kune acid ivhu miti, senge hydrangeas kana rhododendrons, ayo anoda peat chaiyo uye ane yakaderera kwazvo pH. Isu tinoshandisa acid acid kune ivhu zvinomera kusimudzira peat. Uye zvakare, isu tichava nehanya nemvura yekudiridza. Kana isu tiine mvura yakaoma uye yakawanda yelimu, hatifanire kuishandisa tisingavarege vazorore kwemazuva maviri.

Kuti tione kubudirira kwekamera, tichawedzera mafetera chaiwo emuti uyu kumvura yekudiridza, kamwe chete muchirimo uye kamwe chete mumatsutso. Tichavaisa munzvimbo inotonhorera kudzivirira zuva rezhizha uye kuve nechokwadi kuti pasi harifi rakawoma.

Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve pamusoro pekuchengetwa uye kuberekwazve kwekamellias.