Maruva (Lilium)

Maruva ari maruva anotumbuka muchirimo

Maruva, anonziwo maruva, zvirimwa zvinotumbuka mukati megore uye zhizha. Kana dzikadaro, madzinde adzo anotumbuka maruva ehukuru hwakakura, uye hwemavara anofara zvekuti hazvigoneke kuti usatarise pane imwe nguva.

Chimwe chehunhu hwakawanda hwavanacho ndechekuti dzinogona kuwanda zviri nyore nekuparadzanisa mababu ayo anowanzo bukira mushure mekunge maruva asvava. Nekudaro, iwe unotanga nekutenga chirimwa chimwe chete, asi pamusoro pemakore unozopedzisira uine mamwe mashoma.

Chii chakaita chirimwa cheLilium?

Inozivikanwa se lily kana lily, iyo inogara isingaoneki herbaceous inova yeiyo genus Lilium uye kumhuri Liliaceae. Inofungidzirwa kuti kune mazana ezvisikwa, asi mamwe akawanda akasiyana ma cultivar. Mhando dzesango dzinokura zvakanyanya kuchamhembe hemisphere, zvese muEurasia neNorth America, asi kune mamwe akasarudzika kuSouth America.

Kana isu tikatarisa pane ayo maficha, tiri kutaura nezvezvirimwa zvinomera kubva kugirobhu rinowanikwa pasi pevhu. Zvichienderana nezvakasiyana siyana, kubva pazasi peizvi panogona kusimuka zvitoro, kana maRhizomes ayo anomutsa mabhuru madiki. Zvakare, kune mamwe maruva anovandudza midzi yekudyara.

Mashizha acho anowanzo shomeka, ndiko kuti, vanofa pane imwe nguva mugore (kazhinji mushure memaruva). Kune rimwe divi, kune mamwe marudzi ayo munguva yechando, inova mwaka iyo zvirimwa izvi zvisingashande, zvinochengetedza rosette yemashizha madiki.

Maruva ayo anomuka kubva padanda remaruva, uye anogona kunge ari ega kana kuoneka mumapoka. Kazhinji, akakura, anosvika masendimita gumi muhupamhi, uye ane mavara akasiyana kwazvo: chena, yero, tsvuku, kana pingi. Uye muchero uyu kaputuru katriveve kanoshanduka kuita shava kana raibva, uye rine mbeu dzakawanda.

Ruva reLilium rinobuda mwedzi mingani?

Maruva emaruva anovhurika kwevhiki dzinoverengeka pagore. Kazhinji, kuchamhembe kwenyika dzinotanga kutumbuka muna Chivabvu uye dzinopera munaGunyana, zvinoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana uye / kana chirimwa. Chero zvazvingaitika, kukurudzira maruva avo tinogona kuvaisa fetereza nefetiraiza yemaruva emiti, uye kucheka iyo yakaoma.

Mhando dzeLilium

Iye zvino tava kuzoziva mhando huru yemaruva kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuzvionera wega kuti akanaka sei, uye nekudaro, zvichave nyore kwauri kuti ugadzire zvinonakidza nziyo mubindu rako kana mudhirowa:

Lilium bulbifrum

ILilium bulbiferum iruva remaruva eorenji

Inozivikanwa sebulbous lily kana red red lily, chirimwa chinoberekerwa kuEurope. Sezvo rimwe remazita aro akajairwa rinoratidza, inogadzira maruva eorenji, uye nehukuru hwakanaka zvakare, sezvo vachiyera ingangoita gumi masendimita.

Lilium candidim

Iyo Lilium candidum ine maruva machena

El Lilium candidim Huswa hunofadza hunoberekerwa kuSyria nePalestine hunosvika pakakwirira masendimita makumi masere. Maruva akachena uye dzakayera kuita mainji mana.

lilium martagon

Iyo martagon ndeye Lilium ine maruva madiki

Inozivikanwa sebozo, martagon kana kuchema ruva, ibhuru rakazvarwa kuEurope, kusanganisira Spain. Maruva ayo madiki, kunyanya kana tichiaenzanisa nemamwe maruva. Vanoyera anenge masendimita mashanu kusvika mashanu, uye iwo epingi, lilac, chena.

Oriental lilium

Iyo yekumabvazuva lily yakasanganiswa

Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Jim Evans

Como Oriental lilium kana lily yekumabvazuva isu tinoreva kune akateedzana ehybrids anobva kuAsia. Ivo vane maruva akakura uye zvakare vanonhuwirira zvakanaka kwazvo. Muboka iri tinoratidzira iyo Lilium 'Stargazer', ine rima rakasvibira ruva; iyo 'Kuzvipira' neruva jena; kana iyo 'Rosato' ine yakapfava pink ruva,

Lilium lancifolium

Iyo Lilium lancifolium ndeye bulbous orenji

El Lilium lancifolium Icho chirimwa chinozivikanwa seye brindle tie ruva, uye isu tinogona kuchiwana chiri musango muEast Asia. Maruva ayo ari orenji ane mavara matema, anenge masendimita mana muhupamhi.

Lilium longiflorum

Iyo Lilium longiflorum ine maruva machena machena

Mufananidzo - Flickr / A Yee

El Lilium longiflorum, inozivikanwa seIsita lily ibhuru rinowanikwa kuJapan. Inosvika pakureba mita, uye inogadzira maruva machena, nekunhuhwirira kwakanaka. Aya anenge gumi nemaviri masendimita.

Iwe unochengeta sei chirimwa cheLilium?

Maruva maruva anogona kurimwa muhari, mapuranti, kana mubindu. Ivo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira maruva ekuumbwa kana kapeti, sezvo ivo vachienderana chaizvo kune akasiyana nharaunda. Asi ivo vanoda zvinhu zvinoverengeka kuti vabudirire:

Kwokuisa maruva?

Izvo zvakakosha kuti vawane mashoma maawa mashanu ezuva rakananga zuva rega rega. Izvi zvinomera hazvikure zvakanaka kana zvashaiwa chiedza; ipapo, dai vakaiswa mumumvuri taizoona kuti madzinde avo anokura sei kwakanangana nechiedza chakanyanya kusimba. Nekuita izvi, zvinotipa pfungwa yekuti vanokura nekukurumidza, asi isu hatifanire kufunga kuti chinhu chakanaka, nekuti izvo zvinozoitika ndezvekuti ivo vanozopera simba.

Ivhu kana substrate

Lily mababu anoora nekukurumidza kana akadyarwa muvhu risingakodzere, senge rakaomesesa uye rakakura ivhu. Kuti udzivise izvi, Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti zvive zvakareruka, ivhu rakaoma, kuitira kuti mvura itenderere pasina zvipingaidzo. Ipapo chete ndipo panogona kukura zvirimwa zvedu.

Muchiitiko chekuti ivo vachazove vari mumudziyo, senge chirongo chemaruva kana chirimwa, inofanirwa kutariswa kuti substrate inofanira kunge yakaenzana mwenje. Neichi chikonzero, tinokurudzira kusanganisa semuenzaniso peat nhema ne 30% perlite.

Kudiridza uye kunyorera

Maruva ndeaya asingagumi mababu

Kuwanda kwekudiridza kunofanirwa kuchinja nekufamba kwemwaka. Muchirimo uye kunyanya zhizha, sezvo iri iyo pavanenge vachikura uye kudziya kuri kudziya, tinozovadiridza kanokwana kaviri pasvondo. Asi sezvo mumatsutso nemuchando ivo vachange vachizorora, uye sezvo pasi zvakare richitora nguva yakareba kuti riome, isu tichaisa nzvimbo yemvura. Muchokwadi, kana mukati memwaka wematsutso uye / kana mwaka wechando kazhinji kuchinaya nguva nenguva, zvinongodiwa chete kunyorovesa pasi kana tichiona rakaoma kwazvo.

Zvekuti ivo vanopa maruva emhando yepamusoro, inokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kuisa imwe mulch pavari (iri kutengeswa pano), makonye, ​​kana kunyange manyowa. Asi hongu, kana akagadzirwa, zvichave zviri nani kushandisa mafotereza emvura, uchitevera rairo iri mumudziyo. Uye ndezvekuti kana tikaisa manyowa ane hupfu kana hupfu muhari, iyo substrate inogona kupedzisira yave nematambudziko kusefa mvura; nekudaro, midzi yaizoshatiswa.

Nguva yekudyara girobhu

Kana iwe wakatenga mababu, rangarira kuvadyara munguva yekupedzisira yechando kana kutanga kwechirimo. Nenzira iyi, ivo vanozove nenguva yakakwana yekukura uye nekuunza maruva avo mumwaka wakakodzera.

Kuwanza

Maruva anowanda nekuparadzanisa mababu, uye dzimwe nguva zvakare nembeu:

  • Kuparadzaniswa kwegirobhu: mushure mekutumbuka, iyo Lilium inofanirwa kusiiwa muvhu kana muhari kwemwedzi miviri kana mitatu. Mushure menguva iyoyo, isu tinokwanisa kuchera mababu uye nekuparadzanisa iwo madiki. Gare gare, isu tinosima izvi kune dzimwe nzvimbo, tichivaviga anenge maviri masentimita.
  • Mbeu: maruva emaruva ari hermaphroditic, saka kana chiratidziro chako chiine mhodzi, unogona kudzidyara muchirimo mumabhedhi embeu senge tireyi ine maburi kana muhari, ine vermiculite (iri kutengeswa pano) kana mulch. Zviise munzvimbo ine zuva, uye mvura nguva nenguva kuitira kuti substrate irege kuoma. Nekudaro, ivo vanomera mumwedzi.

Zvipembenene

Kune huwandu hwezvipembenene zvinokanganisa maruva, uye ndeaya:

  • Bulb mites: inokanganisa girobhu racho, rinova rakaora. Mushonga wega unoshanda unodzivirira, usati wadyara, nemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka senge diazinon.
  • Cryoceros: zvipembenene zvinodya mashizha nemaruva. Neraki, ivo vanogona kudzivirirwa uye kubviswa nema pyrethrins.
  • Nguruve: izvi hove zvinowanikwa mumashizha matsva emuti uye mumaruva. Ivo vanodya pamuti, saka isu tichaona mavara ane mavara uye zvisizvo. Ivo vanogona kurwa ne diatomaceous pasi (iri kutengeswa pano).
  • Mafambiro: kufamba Zvinogona kukanganisa girobhu racho, zvichikonzera kusanzwisisika uye nemavara epepuru, uyezve muchikamu chemuchadenga zvichikonzera kuoneka kwemavara pamaruva nemashizha, kusagadzikana uye kushomeka kwese. Iyo inorwiwa nemishonga inorwisa-thrips (senge izvi).

Zvirwere

Iyo Lilium ndeyebhuruu inotumbuka muchirimo

Kana zviri zvezvirwere, vanogona kunge vaine izvi:

  • Botrytis: the botrytis Iyo fungus iyo, mune mamiriro emaruva, inoburitsa yakatenderera nzvimbo dzakasvibira chero kupi (mashizha, madzinde nemaruva). Iyo inorwiwa nefungicide ine mhangura (iri kutengeswa pano).
  • Ruva remota: iwo akateedzana ehutachiona hunokanganisa maruva uye chinoshandura ruvara rwemashizha. Iko hakuna kurapwa, kunze kwekutenga zvirimwa zvine hutano uye mababu, pasina kana kana diki zviratidzo zvehosha kana denda.
  • Phytophthora: iyo fungus inokonzera rima mauve mavara kuti aoneke pamatemu, kunyanya pazasi. Aya mavara anopararira mukati memuti wese, anosvika kumashizha, ayo anochinja kuita yero. Inorapwa nema fungicides anotakura mhangura.
  • Pythium: iyo fungus inoodza midzi. Muzviitiko zvakakomba inogona kuuraya zvirimwa. Iyo inorapwawo nema fungicides anotakura mhangura.
  • rhizoctonia: iyo fungus inoora iyo girobhu. Mashizha anopera simba, uye maruva haangashama. Iko hakuna kurapa kunoshanda; zvirinani kubvisa zvakakanganiswa zvirimwa.
  • Lily necrotic gwapa hutachiona (LSV): Iwo hutachiona hunokonzera kuoneka kwemaklorotic mavara pamashizha. Ivo vanotanga kubuda yero nehurefu chimiro, uye vobva vatendeuka vatema. Maruva akaremara, uye chirimwa chinopera simba. Iko hakuna kurapwawo.

Rusticity

Kurwisa kwaLilium kuchitonhora kunosiyana zvichienderana nemhando uye kwayakatangira. Asi kazhinji tinotaura nezvezvirimwa izvo kumira pakadzika tembiricha kusvika -4ºC.

Chii chinorehwa nemaruva?

Kana iwe uchida kuziva kuti zvinorevei maruva aya maererano neruvara rwawo, saka tiri kuzotaura newe nezvazvo:

  • Yero lilium: iro rinotaridza, ruva rekuratidzira iro rinomiririra mufaro, hupenyu, nekutenda.
  • White lilium: ruva jena chiratidzo chekusava nemhosva uye kuchena.
  • Orange lilium: ndiko kumiriri kwemweya, tariro, kugona uye rudo rwuri kukura.
  • Tsvuku lilium: maruva matsvuku anomiririra rudo sevanhu vaviri, uye kuda.
  • Pink maruva: maruva epingi anomiririra hudiki, hunyoro uye basa rakanaka.

Kwokutenga kupi?

Kana iwe uchida kuve nemaruva, tinya pano uye tora yako musanganiswa wemabhuru:

Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa.


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