Royal Botanical Bindu reMadrid

Kana iwe uchida gadheni uye / kana bhotani mune zvese, ini ndinokurudzira kuti iwe enda unoshanyira gadheni rebhotani ... Iwe uchanakidzwa iwe uchiri mudiki! Kana iwe uchibva kuSpain kana uchironga kuuya, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti chimwe chezvakanyanya kukosha ndicho Royal Botanical Bindu reMadrid.

Unobvunzirei. Kune vamwe vazhinji, asi chokwadi ndechekuti vashoma vane nhoroondo yakawanda kumashure kwavo. Paunenge uchifunga kuenda kana kusaenda, Ini ndinokukoka iwe kuti ubatane neni kuzosangana naye mune ino chinyorwa 🙂.

Chii chinonzi Royal Botanical Bindu reMadrid?

Kunyangwe zita rayo pacharo richiratidzira, zvinogona zvakare kunzi izvozvo inzvimbo yesainzi yekutsvagisa, kunyanya botani. Parizvino iri kubva kuHigh Council yeKunzvera Sayenzi (CSIC). Iyo yakavambwa naMambo Fernando VI musi waGumiguru 17, 1755 muSoto de Migas Calientes, padyo neManzanares River, asi Mambo Carlos III vakaraira kuti ichinjwe, muna 1781, kuPaseo del Prado, kunova iko nhasi.

Ndeipi nhoroondo yayo?

Nhoroondo yeRoyal Botanical Bindu reMadrid inotanga muna 1755, pakagadzwa naMambo Fernando VI pamahombekombe erwizi rweManzanares. Panguva iyoyo yakanga iine zvinopfuura 2000 zvirimwa, iyo yakaunganidzwa nachiremba wezve botanist uye chiremba anovhiya anonzi José Quer kubva mukufamba kwake muPeninsula neEurope.

Sezvo pakanga paine zvirimwa zvakawanda uye nzvimbo nenzvimbo zvaive zvishoma, Carlos III akarayira kuendeswa kuPaseo del Prado. Uye aive asiri ega. Musayendisiti Casimiro Gómez Ortega aive mumwe weavo vakapinda muchirongwa chekuvaka, uye mutungamiriri wake, Count weFloridablanca, tinofungidzira kuti zvakare kubatsira nekuti mushure memabasa kwete chete iyo Prado Hall yaizoshongedzwa, asi zvakare (uye pamusoro pezvose ) nekuti nzvimbo iyi yaizoshanda se'chipo 'kutaura saSainzi neArt, uye kune avo vese vaive nebasa rakanangana navo.

Pakati pemakore 1774 na1781, rinova iro raive rekupedzisira gore raakavhurwa, chirongwa chekutanga chakaitwa, ichigovera Bindu mumatanho matatu uye chikamu cheyakavharirwa, mune iyo Puerta Real inomira. Makore mashoma gare gare, Pakati pa1785 na1789, Juan de Villanueva, akaita chirongwa chechipiri chakatora mahekita gumi chakagoverwa mumatunhu matatu yakashandurwa kune hunhu hwenzvimbo.

Materu maviri epazasi, anonzi Matafura uye Zvikoro zveBotanical, anoramba aripo nhasi sezvaakavakwa, asi epamusoro, Iyo Terrace yePlan yeRuva, yakagadzirwazve muzana regumi nemapfumbamwe century ichichipa rwakawanda runako.

Kunge chero gadheni chairo rebhodani rinokosha munyu, panguva iyoyo yaive iine mifananidzo nemifananidzo yezvirimwa, mhodzi, michero, zvirimwa zvipenyu, raibhurari, kuunganidzwa kwesainzi, zvichingodaro. Nzvimbo yese yakadzivirirwa ne, vanodaro, naka mupata wesimbi.

Nhau

Kunyangwe yapfuura nepakawanda (yakarasikirwa nemahekita maviri muna 1882 nekuti vaida kuti vavake Ministry of Agriculture, yakatambura nedutu muna 1886 iro rakadonhedza pasi miti makumi mashanu nematanhatu, uye muna 564 rakarasikirwa nenzvimbo imwe nekuti yakashandiswa kuvhura mugwagwa wevanotengesa mabhuku, izvozvi unodanwa kunzi Cuesta de Claudio Moyano), chokwadi ndechekuti inogona kuzvirumbidza nekuve imwe yezvakakosha muEurope.

Muna 1939 yakatanga kutsamira paCSIC, uye muna 1947 yakaziviswa National Monument. Muna 1974 yakavharwa kwekanguva sezvo yaive nguva yekuwanazve maitiro ayo epakutanga, ayo akapihwa nevakagadziri Antonio Fernánmdez Alba naGuillermo Sánchez Gil; Leandro Silva Delgado, aive muchengeti wepasi achitarisira kushongedza magadheni.

Saka parizvino ine dzinenge zviuru zvishanu zvemarudzi emiti kubva kumativi ose enyika.

Chii chatinogona kuwana pane yega yega materu?

Terrace yePendi

Pano iwe uchanakidzwa kuunganidzwa kwebindu, kurapa, zvinonhuwirira zvirimwa, antique rose bushes, horticultural yakakomberedzwa nebhokisi ruzhowa. Pakupera kwepakati pekufamba vane dombo.

Terrace yezvikoro zveBotanical

Zvinowanikwa iyo taxonomic muunganidzwa wemimwe michero, yakarongedzwa nemhuri. Iwo aripo akakomberedza matsime gumi nemaviri anotendera iwe kutora rwendo rwepasi rezvirimwa uchiziva kubva kune akanyanya echinyakare marudzi kune akanyanya 'mazuva ano'

Terrace yeRuva Ndege

Pane a mhando dzakasiyana dzemiti nemakwenzi izvo zvinoita sekunge hazviteedzere hurongwa. Kumusoro kwekuchamhembe vane chivakwa chegreenhouse chinonzi Graells greenhouse, kunova ndiko kunogara zvinomera zvinodziya uye zvemumvura, uye padivi payo, hombe uye yazvino uno iyo inoshandiswa senzira yekuratidzira. Iyo yekupedzisira yakakamurwa kuita nharaunda nhatu dzakasiyana (dzinopisa, dzinodziya uye gwenga), imwe neimwe iine zvirimwa.

Terrace yeLaureles

Yakawedzerwa sekuwedzeredzwa muna 2005, uye inoitirwa kuisa maunganidzwa akakosha, senge bonsai yakapihwa neyaimbove Mutungamiri Felipe González.

Zvizhinji nezve iyo Royal Botanical Bindu reMadrid

Pamusoro peanonakidza iwo masitepisi, zvakare vane maunganidzwa mazhinji esainzi. Imwe yacho ndeye herbarium, iyo inounganidza anenge miriyoni machira; imwe raibhurari uye dura, ine mabhuku anoverengeka emabhotani, zviuru makumi maviri nemazana nemakumi manomwe neshanu zvemabhuku, zvinyorwa zvemicrofiche zviuru zvitatu, mepu mazana maviri nemazana mashanu nemabhurocha makumi maviri nemaviri kana mapurinda; uye germplasm bank, kunova uko kwavanochengetera mbeu dzavanounganidza pachavo uye dzavanopanana nemamwe masangano epasi.

Zvimwe zvezvinyorwa zvinozivikanwa zvesainzi ndezvi:

• Zvinyorwa zveBotanical Garden yeMadrid: rinova iro bhuku rinoburitsa zvinyorwa zvebhodani, pamwe nehumwe hwakabatana senge bioinformatics, ecophysiology, nezvimwe.
• Iberian Flora: ibhuku rinotaura nezvezvirimwa zvevascular zvinozvarwa kuIberian Peninsula neBalearic Islands.

Maawa ekuvhura eRoyal Botanical Garden yeMadrid uye mutengo wekubvuma

Kana iwe uchida kuenda kunozviona, iwe unofanirwa kuenda kuPaza de Murillo nhamba 2, muMadrid. Iwe unogona kusvika ikoko nemetro kubva kuEstación del Arte. Iyo purogiramu iri seinotevera:

• Kubva munaNovember kusvika Kukadzi: kubva 10am kusvika 18 pm kubva Muvhuro kusvika Svondo.
• Kurume naGumiguru: kubva 10am kusvika 10am kusvika 19pm kubva Muvhuro kusvika Svondo.
• Kubvumbi naSeptember: kubva 10am kusvika 20pm kubva Muvhuro kusvika Svondo.
• Kubva Chivabvu kusvika Nyamavhuvhu: kubva 10am kusvika 21 pm kubva Muvhuro kusvika Svondo.

Kana zviri zvemitengo, iwo anotevera:

• Vakuru: 6 euros
• Vadzidzi nevakuru kubva kumhuri hombe: 4 euros
• Pamakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu: 65 euros.
• Under 18s: mahara.

Kuti uende kune mamwe mawekishopu avanoita, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa zvese chirongwa uye mutengo.

Nakidzwa nayo!