Muchena elm (Ulmus laevis)

Miti yeiyo genus Ulmus kazhinji yakakura kwazvo uye, semhedzisiro, inoda yakawanda nzvimbo yekukura. Uye iyo ulmus laevis hazvisi izvo zvinosara; kutaura zvazviri, kukwirira kwaro uye ukobvu hwehunde yacho kana zvasvika pakukura zviri kutyisa.

Nekuve nekukura nekukurumidza chiyero uye kuve nyore nyore kutarisira, kana iwe uine gadheni hombe iyi mhando inokupa iwe inonakidza kwazvo mumvuri mune imwe nyaya yemakore mashoma. Svika pakumuziva 🙂.

Mavambo uye hunhu

Yedu protagonist muti wakasarudzika unozivikanwa seye chena elm, European chena elm, inodedera elm kana pedunculated elm yekuEurope (pakati, kumabvazuva uye kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwekondinendi) uye Asia Minor. Inogona kusvika nekupfuura makumi matatu emamita pakukwirira, iine trunk dhayamita inosvika pamamita maviri. Midzi yaro haina kudzika, asi yakakura kwazvo, chimwe chinhu chakakosha kuti chirimwa chigare chakanamatira pasi.

Mashizha ari nyore, mamwe, aine tomentose pasi (nekudaro inonzi chena elm), uye ine machira akafanana neayo epepa. Aya akasvibira, asi shanduka kuita yero mukudonha usati wadonha. Maruva acho haana maruva, anenge akareba 3-4mm uye anoonekwa mumasumbu muchirimo. Chibereko chacho chine mapapiro samara anenge gumi nemashanu pakureba ne15mm paupamhi.

Nzira yekutarisira ulmus laevis?

Iwe unoda kuva nekopi here? Tinokurudzira kuti iwe upe zvinotevera kutarisirwa:

Nzvimbo

Ndiwo muti unofanirwa kuve kunze, muzuva rakazara. Nekuda kwehukuru hwayo nemidzi, inofanirwa kudyarwa muvhu, pane chinhambwe chemamita gumi kubva pamadziro, madziro, pombi, zvirimwa zvikuru, nezvimwe.

Imwe tsananguro yekuisa mundangariro ndeyekuti haigadzikane nemhepo ine simba pane mamwe maelms, saka kana ichigara ichivhuvhuta zvine simba munzvimbo yako, zvinokurudzirwa zvikuru kudyara mavheji emhepo akakomberedza nzvimbo, kana nzvimbo yauri kuenda kuva Ulmus.

Pasi

• Garden: sevamwe vejenasi, inokura mushe muvhu rakawandisa kana shoma, rakadzika uye rakanyorova. Zvino, mune idzo dzinooma, inogona zvakare kugadziriswa, chero bedzi ichidiridzwa nguva nenguva.
• Ruva poto: Haisi chirimwa chinogona kuwanikwa mumudziyo, asi mukati memakore ayo ekutanga ehudiki unozove muti mudiki unoshongedza 🙂. Chizadzai nepasi rose rinokura senge (riri kutengeswa pano).

Kudiridza

Pakati nepakatiMunguva yezhizha, kana kuchipisa uye kuoma, zvichave zvakakodzera kudiridza kazhinji. Kazhinji, iyo frequency ichave ingangoita 3-4 nguva pasvondo panguva inopisa kwazvo, uye ingangoita 2 pavhiki zororo rese regore.

Kana ichinge yave muvhu kweinenge gore, haufanire kudiridza kazhinji kana kuchinaya nguva zhinji.

Vanyoreri

Fetiraiza yakakosha semvura, kunyanya panguva yekukura mwaka inoenderana, mune ino nyaya, nechirimo nezhizha. Kana kutonhora kwematsutso kwatanga kusvika uye tembiricha inodonha pazasi pe20ºC, uye chando chekutanga chingatomboitika zvichienderana nenzvimbo, muti haudi "zvekudya" zvekuwedzera.

Neichi chikonzero, uye kunyanya kana ivhu riine hurombo mune zvinovaka muviri, tinokurudzira kuisa fetiraiza ulmus laevis munguva yechirimo nezhizha. Neiko? Nemanyowa manyowaEhe: manyowa, guano, mupfudze wemhuka, mazai nemabhanana, ... Ehe, kana iri muhari, unofanirwa kushandisa mafotereza emvura (senge guano iri mvura, inotengeswa pano) uchitevera zvinongedzo zvakatsanangurwa papakeji.

Nyaya inoenderana:

Ndeapi marudzi emanyowa aripo uye ndeapi maitiro awo?

Kuchekerera

Hazvidi izvozvo. Ingobvisa matavi akaoma, anorwara, asina simba kana akatyoka.

Madenda nezvirwere

Iyo inopokana kwazvo, asi inonzwisisa elm graphiosis. Ichi chirwere chinotapuriranwa nefungus yeiyo genus Ophiostoma iyo, painongosvika pamidziyo iri mukati mehunde nematavi, inoita kuti mashizha asvave nekukurumidza uye chirimwa chife.

Vector yayo ndeye Scolytus nyuchi, ayo ari iwo anotakura mamota efungus kubva kune anorwara elm kuenda kune yakagwinya. Uye zvinosuruvarisa, kurapwa chaiko kunoshanda hakusati kwazivikanwa, saka pachangowonekwa zviratidzo zvekutanga, zvinoitwa kuchekerera nekupisa iro bazi uye nekuisa mushonga wekuporesa pane elm kusimbisa ronda.

Inogona zvakare kurapwa ne fungicides senge benomyl kana thiabendazole, asi haivimbise kurapwa, kana kusakwana.

Kuwanza

Chena elm inowanza nembeu muchando uye nekucheka mukutanga kwezhizha. Maitiro ekuenderera mune ese kesi?

Mbeu

Mbeu dzinofanira kudyarwa munguva yechando mumabhedhi embeu (mapoto, matura emidziyo, kana zvimwe zvakadaro) ine substrate iri kukura pasi rese. Vapfekedze netete yakatetepa ye substrate, uye uvape yakanaka yekudiridza.

Kuchengeta ivhu rinogara rakanyorova, vanozomerera mukati megore.

Kucheka

Kuti uwedzere nekucheka, iwe unofanirwa kucheka bazi rine hutano hwehusiku-hwakaoma huni, kuisa chigadziko nemahomoni anotora midzi (kutengeswa pano), uye wodyara muhari neopasi substrate kana vermiculite (iri kutengeswa pano).

Yakaiswa kunze, mune semi-mumvuri, uye ichichengeta iyo substrate yakanyorova, inozotika mushure memazuva angangoita gumi nemashanu.

Rusticity

Iyo chena elm inomira nechando kusvika -18 ° C.

Chii chinoshandiswa icho chinopihwa?

Chete se chishongo muti, seyenzvimbo yakasarudzika uye yekupa mumvuri. Matanda ayo ndeemhando isina kunaka; zvirizvo, kuchekerera kunosara -kana paine chero zvirinani- zvirinani kuvapwanya nekuvakanda mubindu se compost, kana kugadzira compost navo.

Nyaya inoenderana:

Maitiro ekugadzira manyowa nhanho

Wakafungei nezve ulmus laevis?