Camellia (Camellia)

La camellia ingangove imwe yemakwenzi ekuAsia akarimwa kwazvo pasi rose. Maruva ayo akanaka anoshongedza zvekuti hazvigone kuaregedza. Uye zvakare, ivo vane kumwe kushandiswa kwaunowana mune ino inokosha.

Saka kana iwe uchida kuziva unochengeta sei chirimwa ichi, zvingave zviri muhari kana mubindu, usarega kuverenga 🙂.

Mavambo uye hunhu

Yedu protagonist shrub kana evergreen muti unozvarwa kuSoutheast Asia, kunyanya kubva kuChina neJapan. Iyo ndeye botanical genus Camellia, iyo inoumbwa pakati pezana nemazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emarudzi, inonyanya kuzivikanwa kuve iyo camellia japonica izvo zvaunogona kuona mumufananidzo uri pamusoro, kana iyo Camellia sinensis inova ndiyo iyo iyo chai inowanikwa nayo.

Inogona kusvika pakati pemakumi maviri nemakumi mashanu emamita pakureba, imwe yeakakura kuve iyo Camellia crapnelliana, inosvika pamamita manomwe. Mashizha awo ane dehwe, akazara, akanongedzwa, neicho chakapetwa kana chakapetwa zvishoma, chegirazi rakasvibira rakasvibirira.

Inotumbuka muchirimo. Maruva acho anowanzo hombe, Yakagadzirwa nesepals shanu uye mashanu peturu, ayo anogona kuve akapetwa kana kuwanda, chena, tsvuku, pingi kana yero. Chibereko iglobose capsule inoibva mumatsutso.

Ndezvipi zvinonetsa?

Kana iwe uchida kuva nekopi imwe kana anopfuura, saka tiri kuzokupa gwara rekutarisira kuitira kuti ugone nakidzwa nekamera yako mumakore:

Nzvimbo

Inofanirwa kuiswa mu panze, mune semi-mumvuri. Zvakanakisa, iwe unofanirwa kuvapa zvisina kunanga zuva, sezvo ivo vasingakure zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine mumvuri.

Ivhu kana substrate

Izvo zvakakosha kuti, zvisinei nekuti iri muhari kana mubindu, ivhu iri acidic ine pH ye4 kusvika 6ne drainage yakanaka. Munyika dzine calcareous mashizha awo anoita yero nekukurumidza nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezvinovaka muviri, kunyanya iron nemanganese.

Kunyangwe iwe uchikwanisa kudzikisa iyo pH nekudiridza nemvura ine ndimu (½ ndimu yakasanganiswa mu1l yemvura) uye kugadzira fetiraiza nefetiraiza yemiti ine acidic (seiyi kubva pano), zvirinani kuti usazviisa panjodzi nekuzvidyara munzvimbo idzo dzinozvikodzera kubva panguva yekutanga.

Kudiridza

Inofanira kuva kakawanda, kunyanya munguva yezhizha. Ehezve, isu tinofanirwa kudzivirira zvakanyanyisa: haafarire kuva ne "tsoka" dzakaoma, asi zvakare hadzina mvura. Kuti uzive nguva yekudiridza, ingoisa tsvimbo yakatetepa yemuti (kana ikabuda yakachena, tinogona kudiridza sezvo ivhu richinge raoma), shandisa dhijitari humidity mita kana kuyera poto yakambodiridzwa uye zvakare mushure memazuva mashoma (uyu mutsauko pakurema kunogona kushanda seyambiro yekuziva nguva yekudiridza).

Iwe unofanirwa kushandisa mvura inonaya, isina lime kana mvura ine ndimu (sanganisa iyo mvura yehafu yemoni mu 1 litre yemvura).

Vanyoreri

Muchirimo nemuzhizha Inofanirwa kubhadharwa nefotereza yemiti yeacid, Kutevera zvinoratidzwa zvakatsanangurwa papakeji. Inogona zvakare kubhadharwa mumatsutso kana iwe uchigara munzvimbo ine nyoro mamiriro ekunze, iine mwenje chando.

Kudyara kana kupandukira nguva

Muchirimo, apo njodzi yechando yapfuura.

Kuchekerera

Kana zvichidikanwa, yakasimudza madzinde inogona kudimburwa mumatsutso, pamwe nemaruva akasvava.

Zvipembenene

Inogona kurwiswa ne:

• Mafambiro: tupukanana twakafanana netigeve asi nehukuru hwe1cm. Vanonamatira kuzasi kwemashizha, kubva kwavanofudza. Ivo vanogona kuoneka neziso rakashama, ivo vaviri pamwe nemadonhwe avo (akafanana nemadimati madema).
  Kuti ubvise iwo, mashizha anogona kucheneswa nekupukuta kana nzeve swab yakanyoroveswa nemvura isina-lime, kana nekurapa akaomeswa macomputer neChlorpyrifos.

• Tsvuku tsvuku: idzi mite dzinonamirawo kuzasi kwemashizha. Ivo vanogona kuoneka negirazi rinokudza. Iwe unogona kutaura kana vaine kana isu tichiona cobwebs.
  Kuti uzvibvise, vanogona kurapwa nazvo neem mafuta kana kuchenesa mashizha nemvura isina lime.

• Mealybugs: dzinogona kuve cottony kana limpet mhando (ine brown brown nhoo). Vanonamatira kumashizha uye madzinde, kubva kwavanofudza.
  Kuti uzvibvise, zvikamu zvakakanganisika zvinogona kucheneswa nejira kana bhurasho diki rakanyoroveswa mumvura uye madonhwe mashoma edoro repamishonga.
• Nguruve: maparasita anoyera 0,5cm uye ari shava, girini kana yero. Ivo vanonamatira kune nyoro zvikamu zveiyo camellia uye maruva mabukira.
  Kuti vabvise iwo, vanogona kurapwa nemafuta neem.

Zvirwere

• Mahowa: dzinogona kukonzera kuoneka kwegreyish powder (botrytis kana powdery mildew), kana kuora kwemidzi (Phytopthora inowanzo kuve nebasa).
  Tinofanira kudzora njodzi uye kuita ekudzivirira / ekurapa kurapwa muchirimo nematsutso nesarufa kana mhangura. Munguva yezhizha ivo vanozorapwa ne spray spray.
• Chlorosis: inowanzo kukonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemanganizi kana iron, kana nekuda kwekudiridza kwakanyanya.
  Govera izvi zvicherwa uye / kana kudzikisa kuwanda kwekudiridza sezvingaite
• mavhairasi: Zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemavirusi izvo zvinoita kuti kuve nekuonekwa kwemasikisi pamashizha.
  Iwe unofanirwa kucheka zvikamu zvakakanganiswa.
• Makwati emakwenzi: inogadzirwa naGlomerella kana Phomopsis fungi.
  Iwe unofanirwa kucheka uye kupisa matavi akanganiswa; kana iri muhunde, inogona kucheneswa nechisvo chakarodzwa kare uye kutapukirwa nemishonga nedoro repamishonga.

Kuwanza

Azaleas inowedzera nembeu, kucheka, uye kuisa. Tiudze maitiro ekuenderera mune ese kesi:

Mbeu

Mbeu dzinofanira kudyarwa mumubhedha wembeu muchirimo, uchishandisa substrate yemiti ine acidic (unogona kuitenga panokana vermiculite. Iwo anofanirwa kuiswa pamusoro, achisiya chinhambwe che 1-2cm pakati pavo, uye chengeta iyo substrate yakanyorova.

Ichamera kunze kwe 1-2 mwedzi.

Kucheka

Kuti uwane itsva azaleas yakafanana neiyo mai chirimwa matavi einosvika 30cm pakureba anofanirwa kutemwa muchirimo. Ipapo chigadziko chinobatirirwa nemahomoni anotora midzi uye chakasimwa muhari dzine subous subous, senge kanuma.

Kuchengeta iyo yakanyorova vanozodzika mushure memwedzi miviri.

Yakapetwa

Kana tichida kuiseta, tinofanirwa kuzviita muchirimo, tichiita ringi 1-2cm kana mhete isina kuhukura. Iyi mhete inofanirwa kupihwa mahormone anotora midzi, nekuti ndipo panobuda midzi mitsva.

Tevere, bhegi repurasitiki dema rinotorwa ndokusungwa kune rimwe divi ndokuzadzwa naro substrate yemiti ine acidic, uye pakupedzisira wakasungirwa kune mai chirimwa kune imwe mugumo.

Uine sirinji, unofanirwa kuchengeta ivhu rakanyorova. A) Hongu, inozodzika mushure memwedzi 2-3. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, tinogona kucheka chirimwa chedu chitsva tochidyara muhari kana mubindu.

Rusticity

Iyo azalea inotsigira mazaya echando kusvika -15ºC.

Unoita sei nezve camellia bonsai?

Kana izvo zvaunoda ndeye camellia bonsai iyo yakanaka gore rese, tevera rairo yedu:

• Nzvimbo: kunze, mune semi-mumvuri.

• Kudiridza: kazhinji, kudzivirira iyo substrate kubva kuoma zvachose. Shandisa mvura isina lime.

• Substratum:kana.

• Mafashoni: kusava nehanya. Inokodzera zvakanaka ne zvoseKunyangwe ichinyanya kutsvinda kana yakadhirowewa mune yakasarudzika kana inodzika yakatwasuka maitiro.

• Vanyoreri: muchirimo nemuzhizha inofanirwa kubhadharwa nemutopota webhonsai, uchiteedzera rairo dzakatarwa pakurongedza

• Kuchekerera: chete kana iwe uine hutano. Matavi akakura zvakanyanya mukutanga kwekudonha, uye maruva akasvava, anofanirwa kutemwa. Kuchekerera kuchekerera kunofanirwa kuitwa mukupera kwechando.

• Kuisazve: Makore maviri kana matatu mukati megore, mushure mekutumbuka.

• Wiring: muchirimo nemuzhizha.

Heino vhidhiyo painotsanangurwa -muChirungu, ini handina kuiwana iine musoro wenyaya- nhanho nhanho maitiro ekugadzira bonsai kubva mumbeu:

Inoshandisa chii?

Chishongo

Icho chirimwa chine yakanakisa yekushongedza kukosha. Mune iwo magadheni umo ivhu rakaoma kana kuti rakaomarara zvishoma, iwe unogona kuve neakanaka akaderera kana epakati-akareba magedhi kana seyedimendi yega. Uye zvakare, inogona kugara zvakanaka muhari, saka kushongedza bhokoni kana terati nayo hakuzove kwakaoma zvachose kana iine mumvuri 🙂.

Mishonga

Rudzi Camellia sinensis Iyo ine inonakidza kwazvo mishonga yekurapa iyo iri:

• Anti-chisimbwa
• Antiasthmatics
• Antioxidants
• Antiseptics
• Bronchodilators
• Diuretics

Nzira yekuishandisa iri kuomesa mashizha uye gare gare kuvapwanya kuti vagadzire tii. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa maruva, kana kuwana mafuta kubva pambeu.

Zvinorevei?

Kupedzisa, tinoratidzira zvazvinoreva zvichienderana neruvara ruva:

• White: inomiririra rudo rusina mhaka.
• tsvuku: mucherechedzo wekuda, kushuva uye rudo rusingaite.
• Rosa: ihwo ruvara rwekunyengedza uye kuda kuve nemunhu waunoda.

Iwe wafungei nezve camellia? Une mumwe munhu?