La Muzambiringa wewaini, inozivikanwa pasi rose semuzambiringa kana muzambiringa, chirimwa chinowanikwa zvakanyanya mumapurazi nemagadheni emhuri, zvese zvemazambiringa acho (raw material yekugadzira waini) uye nekuda kwechinyakare uye kukosha kwayo. Kuchengeta muzambiringa nemazvo hakusi nyore, uye chimwe chezvinhu zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa nemuzambiringa kuchekerera. Uyu mukwiridzi anogona kukura zvakakura musango, asi varimi nevarimi vanenge vachingorichekerera kuti vachengetedze makwenzi madiki akagadzirira kukohwa. Kuchekerera uku hakugone kuitwa nenzira ipi zvayo. vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika muzambiringa unotemwa rinhi.
Nechikonzero ichi, isu tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze iwe nguva yekuchekerera mizambiringa, ndeapi maitiro avo uye maitiro ekufunga nezvazvo.
Mizambiringa inochekererwa riini?
Paunenge uchisarudza nguva yekuchekerera mizambiringa, mitemo yakafanana inoshanda sekuwanda kwezvirimwa: mizambiringa inofanirwa kudimurwa ichiri munzvimbo yevegetative dormancy. Pane kudaro, muti wacho hauchengete zvakanaka zvinovaka muviri uye unova usina simba uye unorasikirwa nesimba rakawanda mushure mekuchekerera. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, nguva yakajairika yekuchekerera inogara iri pakupera kwe fruiting uye kutanga kwechirimo, isati yadzokera kumabasa.
Mupfungwa iyi, vamwe vanokurudzira kuchekerera pakati pekupera kwechando nekutanga kwechirimo, sezvo chirimwa ichi chichibereka michero inozovapo pave paya asi yakawanda uye yemhando yepamusoro.
Kuchekerera muzambiringa
Kune marudzi maviri ekuchekerera mizambiringa: kudzidzisa kuchekerera nekuchekerera michero.
Kudzidzira kuchekerera kunoitwa mumakore ekutanga ehupenyu hwemuzambiringa uye basa rayo nderekupa chirimwa chimiro chakakodzera uye chimiro. Iyi fomu ichasiyana zvichienderana nebasa raunoda kupa kumuzambiringa, hazvina kufanana kuwana goho remuzambiringa rinopfuura, semuenzaniso, d.Sharai mizambiringa mubindu.
Kuchekerera kunoitwa pamiti yekare inenge iine chimiro chakakwana chechigadziko, chinangwa ndechokuti zvirimwa zvikure zvine utano uye zvibereke michero yakanaka.
Kuchekerera mizambiringa midiki neyekare
Formation pruning inoitwa mukati memakore matatu kana mana ekutanga emuzambiringa. Kuchekerera kunofanira kuitwa muchando chekutanga mushure mekudyara, asi unogona kumirira kusvika gore rinotevera kana mizambiringa yako ichiri diki uye isina kusimba.
Pakuchekerera kwekutanga, sarudza davi gobvu uye rakatwasuka remuzambiringa, rinova iro davi rayo guru. Iwe unofanirwa kuchekerera mamwe matavi asina kusimba kusvika pasi, uyezve bazi guru kana riri muzambiringa mutema, uchisiya 2 buds, kana 3 buds kana iri muzambiringa muchena. Pakuchekerera kunotevera, sarudza pfuti yakasimba zvakare uye ucheke mamwe, uchisiya pfuti huru inenge 30 cm kureba. Uyewo, pano zvingave zvakakosha kusungira bazi kune mutungamiri kana tsigiro, kuipinza kune bazi kana yakura kusvika pahupamhi hwakaenzana, uye kupinza bazi rimwechete gore rinotevera kusvika pakureba anenge 25 cm.
Kune mamwe marudzi ekuchekerera, asi iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa yekuchekerera mizambiringa kuti ibereke michero yakawanda pasina kukura zvakanyanya.
Kana zvasvika kune mizambiringa yekare, fruiting pruning inoitwa pamizambiringa iyo yatove neinodiwa yakakosha chimiro, kuchengetedza kwakakodzera kunodiwa kubvisa zvikamu zvinenge zvakashata uye matavi awo haakanda zuva pakati pavo.
Kuti urambe uchiita kuti muzambiringa ukure, munofanira kuchekerera matavi asakara ehuni asingachabudisi nhungirwa. Dimuraiwo mapazi kana mativi anoita seane chirwere kana kuti asina kumira zvakanaka, uye bvisa nhungirwa itsva dzinopaza nepakati pebazi guru kana kutadzisa kukura kwayo nekuvharira chiedza.
Matanho ekuchekerera mizambiringa nekupa mumvuri
Kana chinangwa chekutanga chemizambiringa yako ndechekupa mumvuri muchero usati waiswa, kuchekerera kunofanira kuitwa nenzira yakasiyana zvachose. Siya chete hunde gobvu romuzambiringa, rakasungirirwa patsigiro kuti ndigone kukwira pamusoro paro; uye bvisa chero matavi ari kubuda erutivi kusvikira muzambiringa wasvika paurefu hunodiwa, kubva paunokwanisa kukurudzirwa kukura uye gwenzi. Unoaisa nenzira inopa mumvuri wakakwana paunopedza kuafukidza.
Kukohwewa kwemazambiringa kunoenderana nenguva yekuchekererwa kwemizambiringa uye mamiriro ekunze edunhu nemwaka. Kazhinji, zvakadaro, inotanga muzhizha, pakati kana kupera kwaChikunguru, uye inopera kusvika munaGunyana.
Zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa pakuchekerera mizambiringa
Kazhinji, kuchekerera mizambiringa kunoitwa panguva yekurara yechirimwa, iyo yakasara yechirimwa. Nenzira iyi, muzambiringa unotemwa usati watangazve basa sezvo uchipera simba uye uchirasikirwa nesimba nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezvokudya zvakachengetwa. Saka, Tinoisa nguva yekuchekerera pakati pekupera kwechando uye kutanga kwechirimo, kana mwaka wezvibereko wapera.
Chii kunonoka kuchekerera? Kuchekerera kunoitwa mushure mekunge zvirimwa zvatanga kumera. Nguva ino kazhinji haisi iyo yekuchekerera mizambiringa, sezvo kana kucheka matura makuru anobviswa.
Chii chinoitika kana ukachekerera mizambiringa zvirimwa zvisati zvamira? Muchiitiko ichi tinozviwana pachedu nemiti isina makhahydrates reserves, uye kana isingabvumirwi kuzorora, kumera kunononoka uye chirimwa chinorasikirwa nesimba.
Zvimwe zvinofanirwa kutariswa ndezvi:
- Climatology: huni hwomuzambiringa nematavi awo zvinogona kurwara, uye kana wachekererwa unobudisa maronda mumatanda anofarira kupinda kwawo. Izvo zvakakosha kuti udzivise kunaya, mhute uye mazuva ane hunyoro sezvo vachifarira kupararira kwefungus.
- zera rezvirimwa: unofanira kuziva kuti kuchekerera mizambiringa midiki hakuna kufanana nekuchekerera mizambiringa yakura. Zvidyarwa zviduku zvinonyanya kunetseka kune chando uye, zvisingashamisi, hazvina simba guru rekudzorera kubva pamigumisiro yechando. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kuchekerera mizambiringa midiki kunofanirwa kumiswa mushure mekutonhora kwechando kwapfuura.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve kana mizambiringa inotemwa uye kuti ndeapi maitiro.