Miti inosiyaniswa, kwete chete nehukuru hwayo kana nemavara uye / kana kutsemuka mumakwati ehunde yawo, asi zvakare uye pamusoro pazvo mashizha. Izvi ndezvimwe zvezvikamu zvakakosha zvemuti, nekuti nekuda kwavo vanogona kufema, kuita photosynthesis uye, nekudaro, kukura. Panguva imwecheteyo vanotipa chimwe chinhu chakakosha kwatiri: oxygen.
Hatimire kuti tifunge nezvazvo nekuti tinozvitora sezvisina basa kuti tichagara tiine gasi iro rakakosha pahupenyu, asi chokwadi ndechekuti sezvo huwandu hwevanhu huchiwedzera, ndizvo zvinoitawo kudiwa kwehuni. Nekudaro, vanhu vari kuparadza masango ese epasi. Asi, kunyangwe izvi zvaigona kutaurwa nezvazvo pakureba, muchinyorwa chino tichatarisa pane zvakasiyana mhando dzemashizha emuti uye mune zvimwe zvinokatyamadza zvezvirimwa izvi zvinoshamisa.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemashizha emuti
Mumufananidzo uyu unogona kuona huwandu hwemafomu ayo mashizha anogona kutora. Kune akati wandei, handiti? Izvi imhaka yekuti muti wega wega une maitiro awo ekugadzirisa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti imwe neimwe mhuka ine zano rayo rekugona, kwete chete kuti irarame, asiwo kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu kwayakabva; mamiriro ari kuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma - isu tiri kutaura nezve zviuru uye kunyange mamirioni emakore - uye zvishoma nezvishoma.
Uye ndeyekuti zvirimwa, uye kunyanya miti, inofanirwa kusangana nenhamba huru yevavengi sezvo iri mhodzi. Fungi, zvipembenene, mavairasi, mabhakitiriya, mhuka dzinodya mishonga ... nemvura. Ehe, mvura inogona zvakare kuvakanganisa, sezvo kana ikachengetwa pashizha kwenguva yakareba, inooma, nekuti yakavhara pores. Zviri kuburikidza neaya ma pores ayo avanofema, asi chokwadika, kana mashizha akasaturika mvura zvakanaka, vanogona kuve nenguva yakaipa kwazvo.
Kana isu tichiona muti, chinhu chekutanga chatino tarisa kukura kwayo, asi patinoswedera padhuze, tinotarisa pane zvakadzama: kuhukura kwehunde, kurongeka kwematavi, maruva kana parinayo iye zvino, uye pamashizha. Zvichienderana nedzidziso yaro morphology, tichakwanisa kuziva kuti ndeapi marudzi kana rudzi rungave.
Maitiro ekusiyanisa mhando dzemashizha emuti
Kuti tizive mhando dzakasiyana dzemashizha dziripo, tinofanirwa kuziva kusiyanisa pakati pezvikamu zvemashizha ayo anenge akafanana akafanana. Muti wega wega une zvigunwe zvemunwe kutaura uye unomiririrwa nemashizha awo. Ivo vese vane hunhu hwakasarudzika uye, nekudaro, zvinodikanwa kuti uzive zvikamu zvinogadzira mashizha emiti kuti unzwisise kwavo kusarudzika.
Ngatione kuti ndezvipi zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemashizha emuti ari:
- Petiole: zvinoreva chigadziko chinobatanidza bazi nehunde rechirimwa kana chigadziko chemashizha. Iyo yakatetepa uye yakawedzera simbi dhizaini inogona kuve diki. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvimwe zvirimwa hazvina petiole pamashizha.
- Zvinyorwa: idzo zvikamu zvemuti zvinoumba kune rumwe rutivi rwechepasi foliar. Izvo zvinogadzirwa mune zvese zvirimwa zvine muto wekutakura system unozivikanwa sevascular chirimwa. Zvikamu zvinogona kusiyana muchimiro uye saizi. Kazhinji pane rimwe chete pashizha rega rega uye basa rakakosha kuchengetedza shizha primordium. Kana netarisiro kuti yatokura, inowanzo nyangarika.
- Limbo: Inozivikanwawo nezita reshizha uye ndiyo chikamu chakatsetseka cheshiti. Kumeso kwekumusoro kunonzi bundle uye kunowanzo kuve nerima rakasviba uye kumeso kumeso ndiko kuzasi kunova kwakareruka muvara. Iko kune akati wandei maratidziro zvichienderana nejasi uye nemupendero wavanazvo: akatsetseka kana akazara, akavezwa, akasungwa, akapatsanurwa, akapatsanurwa kana akasungwa. Mamwe mashoko.
- Apex: kukwirira kweshizha ndiko kumagumo ekumusoro. Icho chakapesana nechigadziko. Iyo haisi inogara ichinyatso tsanangurwa sezvo zvinoenderana nechimiro cheshizha uye mhando yemuti.
- Rumbabvu: ndidzo tsinga dzese dzinowanikwa mushizha. Iko kuburikidza neiyi netivascular network iyo sosi inotenderera uye inotaurirana nevamwe vese chirimwa.
- Axillary bud: ndiyo nzvimbo yekubatana iripo pakati peshizha nehunde. Inotungamira mukugadzira nhungirwa dzinogona kubereka kana kuramba dzakarara. Icho chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvakanyanya pakubereka kwezvirimwa.
Kupatsanurwa kwemashizha emuti
Tichaona kuti ndeapi akasiyana maitiro ayo mashizha emuti anosarudzwa. Chinhu chekutanga pane zvese kuziva izvozvo maumbirwo emashizha anoenderana nenzvimbo yaanowanikwa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mune refu maitiro ekugadzirisa, rimwe nerimwe chimiro shizha rinogona kubvumidza imwe degree rekusimudzira kana imwe. Ngatione kuti ndeapi makuru ekugadziriswa kwemhando dzemashizha emuti:
Kupatsanurwa kwemashizha emuti nechimiro
- Zvakareruka: ndeaya ayo rimwe banga rakazvarwa mune yega petiole. Ndokunge, shizha rinozvarwa pane yega petiole.
- Wakaumbwa: aya ndiwo mune akati wandei mashizha akatsanangurwa anonzi mapepa anoumbwa kubva petiole.
Kupatsanurwa kwemashizha emuti nembabvu
- uninervias: ndevaya vane imwechete yepakati tsinga. Inonyanya kuwanikwa inowanikwa mumiti yakadai semapaini. Pine mashizha akaonda kwazvo anonzi acicular uye ndiwo mhedzisiro yekugadziriswa kwema conifers kune akareba nguva yekusanaya.
- plunervous: Kusiyana neiyo yapfuura, iine bazi remitsipa. Izvi zvinomera zvakagadziridzwa kumamiriro ekunyorova kwepamusoro uye, nekudaro, zvinogovera muto zviri nani.
Sezvauri kuona, kune akasiyana maumbirwo emashizha emuti zvinoenderana nerumwe rudzi. Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve mafomu emashizha emuti.