Kuti isu tirambe tichiita kukura kukuru, zvakakosha kuti titore ruzivo rwakakosha kubva sei uye nguva yekushandisa manyowa emvura mumiti yedu, nekuti kuitira kuti vagowana kudya zvakakwana, tinofanirwa kuziva kuti inguvai chaiyo yekuita iri basa.
Zvinokurudzirwa uye zvakakosha kuti isu tigadzire zano ratingaite naro kuderedza huwandu hwezvinhu zvinovaka muviri izvo zvinomera zvinorasikirwa, zvinowedzera kushanda kwazvo uye panguva imwechete zvinodzivirira kukanganisa kukuru kunogona kuitika kunharaunda.
Kune rimwe divi, zvakafanira kutaura kuti kana tikashandisa fetiraiza yemvura panguva yakatarwa, zvinovaka muviri kune zvirimwa zvinogona kurasikirwa, fetiraiza yakatambiswa kana kunyangwe tinogona kukonzera kukuvara kwezvirimwa. Izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwemidziyo yefetiraiza yatinoda kushandisa uye maitiro anogona kuitika nharaunda.
Inguvai yekushandisa manyowa emvura?
Kufanana nevanhu vazhinji, tinoziva izvozvo zvichienderana nezvinomera ndeyekuti isu tiri kuzoshandisa iyo inodikanwa huwandu pamatanho akasiyana ekukura kwayo. Tinofanira kuziva chikamu chipi chekukura chirimwa chiri, kuitira kuti tikwanise kuisa fetiraiza yemvura nenzira kwayo.
Nenzira iyi, ndiyo nguva chaiyo yekuti isu isa mupfudze wemvura ichatsanangurwa nemabatirwo ayo manyowa anofinhwa muchirimwa uye ari mune icho chirimwa chikafu chega chega chinoumba maitiro ekukura ega Kune zvirimwa, nenzira iyi, zvinokurudzirwa kuti kuiswa kwefetiraiza kwakakamurwa nenzira kwayo panguva yakatarwa, nekuti izvi zvinobatsira kuti goho riwedzere zvakanyanya.
Nzira yekushandisa sei manyowa emvura?
Zvirimwa vanogona kuva nematanho akasiyana mavanogona kutsungirira munyu. Kana huwandu hwemunyu uhwu hwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura izvo zvirimwa zvinogona kutsungirira, goho rinogona kukanganisika uye maitiro aro anotanga kudzikira.
Saka tinogona kuziva chii chakakosha huwandu hwemvura yemvura iyo yatinogona kushandisa mukurima kwedu, chatinofanira kuita kuziva muganho wesimba iro iro redu rekurima rinogona kutsungirira.
Kuwedzera kune izvi, kutsemura mafomu ekushandisa manyowa Zvinogona kubatsira zvakanyanya kuitira kuti tirege kukuvara muzvirimwa zvedu zvinokonzerwa nemunyu wakawandisa muvhu uyezve nekukwanisa kuwedzera huwandu hwembeu dzinomera muchirimwa. Kune rimwe divi uye kuti tigone kuderedza kunetseka kweakadaro munyu, zvinodikanwa kuti tizoisa huwandu hushoma hwefetiraiza yemvura munguva pfupi pfupi yenguva.
Inguva ipi yekushandisa fetiraiza yemvura ine nitrogen?
Kubata kwefetiraiza yemvura ine huwandu hwakawanda hweiyo nitrogen muzvinhu zvayo inoda kuti isu tive vakangwarira kwazvo kana uchiishandisa, sezvo chinhu ichi chisina kusimba nekuti zvinovaka muviri zvinogona kurasikirwa muvhu.
Tinofanirwa kufunga kuti chikamu ichi chakarasika kuburikidza ne volatilization, kukukurwa kwevhu, leaching, runoff uye denitrification, kunova kushandurwa kwe nzira yehupenyu ye nitrate mu nitrogen gasi, nitrous oxide uye nitric oxide.
Kana tikasaishandisa nenzira kwayo, nitrogen inodonhedza zviri nyore kupinda muvhu ayo ane jecha chairo kana tichienzanisa nevhu rine hunyanzvi hwekushongedzwa uye kurasikirwa kunogona kuitika kunogona kuve ingangoita 60% yemari yatiri kuisa muchirimwa.
Kana fetiraiza ine mvura senitrogen ikaiswa kare kana kuti panguva apo chirimwa chisinganyatsochida, ruzhinji runogona kurasikirwa chirimwa chisati chawana mukana wekuchiwana, kuitira kuti tigadzirise izvi, isu tinofanirwa kudzikisa kusingaperi kweitrogen pasi pano chirimwa chisati chawana mukana wekuchiwana.
Kuisa chikamu ichi nenzira yakatsemurwa pamwe neiya yatatotaura ndiyo inonyanya kukurudzirwa, sezvo iri inoderedza mukana wekuti chinhu chirasike uye inomiririra chishandiso chinoshanda.