Pine (Pinus)

El pino iyo ndeimwe yemakoniferi atinogona kuwana zvakanyanya kuchamhembe kwenyika. Kazhinji, inokura semuti uye inogona kudarika gumi metres, kunyangwe paine mamwe marudzi anosara semakwenzi.

Kunyangwe nhasi uno midzi yawo ichizivikanwa kunge isingakuvadze, ichiri chirimwa chinodiwa kwazvo muminda. Kuti kana iwe uchifunga kudyara imwe, usazeze kuenderera kuverenga 🙂.

Kutanga

Pine iri evergreen conifer (Inorasa tsono-mashizha- zvishoma- zvishoma mazuva achifamba) anozvarwa kuNorth Hemisphere, kunze kweiyo Pinus merkusii kana Sumatran pine iyo, sezita zvarinoreva, inogara pachitsuwa cheSumatra.

Rudzi, Pinus, inoumbwa nemarudzi zana negumi yakagoverwa muNorth America yese kusanganisira Mexico, Eurasia kusanganisira Canary Islands, Eastern Russia, Eastern Siberia, Philippines, Norway, uye Southeast Asia. Mazhinji akaunzwa munzvimbo dzakadzikama uye dzinodziya dzeSouthern Hemisphere, senge Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Australia kana Ecuador.

Evolutionary nhoroondo

Iyo ndeimwe yedzakanyanya mhando mhando dzezvirimwa zviripo, kubvira akaonekwa panguva yeCarboniferous nguva, angangoita mazana emamirioni mazana matatu apfuura, uye chimwe chezvirimwa zvishoma zvinosanganisirwa muchikamu che gymnospermsMune mamwe mazwi, ivo vanogadzira "vasina kupfeka" mbeu, isina dziviriro. Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti angangoita mamirioni makumi matanhatu nemashanu emakore apfuura, panguva yeTatuji, mhando zhinji dzazvino dzakatovepo.

Munguva yakapfuura, waive Muti (seizvi, wakashongedzerwa 🙂) par kugona. Maruva emiti, muropa, havana kuoneka kusvika pamamirioni 140 emakore apfuura, saka kana tichifunga nezvazvo Pini yakabudirira kwazvo kwemamirioni mazana maviri nemakumi masere. Muchokwadi, yaigona kukomberedza masango enzvimbo dzakadzikama dzezvinove Europe neAsia, pakati pe50 kusvika 70 degrees kuchamhembe kwenharaunda, zviri nyore.

Asi kufarirwa uku kwaisazogara nekusingaperi, uye kana maruva emiti paakatanga shanduko, iyo nharaunda yaive yakagarwa nemaConifers, uye nekudaro mapini, yakatanga kudzikira.

Uye ndeyekuti kunyangwe paini chiri chirimwa chisinganyanye, kumera kwavo uye kukura kwavo hakugone kufananidzwa neiyo angiosperms: apo mhodzi dzeyamberi dzinogona kutora kusvika gore rimwe kuti dzimere, iyo yemiti yemaruva inogona kumera mumasvondo maviri (nemashoma mashoma). Zvakare, maConifers anowanzo nonoka, nepo maruva emiti… tsime, haasi iwo anononoka 🙂.

Zviratidzo

Pine iri conifer ine korona inogona kuva piramidhi kana kutenderera, kunyanya kana ichiri diki, uye yakafara kana iri munhu mukuru. Mashizha, anonzi tsono, akaenzana, akasvibira. Makoni anowanzo kuve akaenzana, ane mutsindo, uye ane mbeu dzine mapapiro. Inogona kusvika pakakwirira pakati pemamita matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu.

Mhando huru

• Pinus canariensis: ndizvo canary pine. Seizvo zita rayo rinoratidza, iro rinowanikwa kuCanary Islands, uye rinoonekwa neHurumende yedunhu sechiratidzo chechisikwa cheLa Palma. Inogona kusvika 60 metres pakureba, ine trunk dhayamita ye3m. Iyo ine chimiro cheparasol kana ichinge yakura, uye piramidhi ichiri mudiki.
  Iyo inoshandiswa kune huni dzayo, asi zvakare seyekushongedza kwerunako rwayo uye kuramba kwayo moto.
• Pinus halepensis: ndizvo Aleppo paini. Inowanikwa munharaunda yeMediterranean, uye inosvika pakureba kusvika pamakumi maviri nemashanu. Hunde yadzo haiwanzo kukura yakatwasuka, izvo zvinoita kuti zvionekwe semusango.
  Iyo ndeimwe yeayo anonyatsorwisa kuomarara uye tembiricha yakakwira, nekudaro inoshandiswa kuchengetedza ivhu rinotambura nekukukurwa. Huni dzayo dzinoshandiswawo kugadzira mabhokisi.
• Pinus sylvestris: ndizvo Scots pine kana maScots pine. Inowanikwa kuEurasia uye inogona kusvika pamamita makumi matatu pakureba. Chinhu chayo chinonyanya kuzivikanwa ihwo tsvuku kana russet ruvara rwemakwati ayo, izvo zvinopa iro rakasarudzika kutaridzika. Hunde yayo yakatwasuka, uye korona yayo yevakuru haina kuenzana uye yakafara.
  Iyo inoshandiswa pabepa, yekuvaka kazhinji uye sechigadzirwa semushonga nekuda kweayo antiseptic, diuretic, antiviral, antipyretic, immunostimulating uye expectorant zvivakwa.
• pine nigra: ndizvo pini nhema, inozivikanwawo seyakaipa pine kana nhema nhema. Inokura kubva kumaodzanyemba kweEurope, kubva kuSpain kusvika kuCrimea, zvakare muAsia Minor, Kupro uye nemunharaunda muAtlas Mountains (Africa). Inokura kusvika pakureba pakati pemamita makumi maviri nemashanu nemakumi mashanu nemashanu, iine chitunha chakatwasuka kana chakatwasuka chine barker-grey kana grey grey.
  Iyo inoshandiswa seyekushongedza, sezvo ichirwisa kusanaya zvakanaka.

Ndezvipi zvinovanetsa?

Kana iwe uchida kuve nekopi, tinokurudzira kuti iwe ugopa iyo neinotevera hanya:

Nzvimbo

Kuva chirimwa chinowanzo kuve chakakura uye zvakare chine midzi isina kupindirana, Inofanira kudyarwa kunze, chinhambwe chingangosvika gumi metres kubva pombi, pasi, madziro, nezvimwe. Izvo zvakakosha kuti iri muzuva rakazara, zvikasadaro haizokure zvakanaka.

Pasi

Zvinoenderana nemhando yezvinhu, asi musimboti kana ivhu rakaorera uye riine drainage yakanaka hakuzovi nematambudziko.

Kudiridza

Pakati nepakati. Inenge ka2 pavhiki muzhizha, uye mazuva ese e6-7 mamwe ese egore.

Vanyoreri

Izvo hazvidiwe, kunyangwe kana iwe uchida iwe unogona kuzvitora nguva nenguva - mazuva ese gumi nemashanu, semuenzaniso pasiworm humus kana mupfudze wemombe.

Kuchekerera

Hazvikurudzirwi. Pine chirimwa chinotora chimiro chayo chekupedzisira pachinenge chichikura. Izvo hazvidi kuchekerera, kunze kwekunge iine matavi anotadzisa nzira, mune iyo mamiriro iwe unogona kuabvisa munguva yekupedzisira yechando.

Kuwanza

Inowanza nembeu muchirimo. Nzira yekuenderera nayo ndeinotevera:

1. Kutanga, sango seedling tireyi yakazadzwa nepasi rose rinokura svikiro.
2. Zvadaro, inodiridzwa zvakakwana uye mhangura kana sarufa zvinosaswa kudzivirira kuoneka kwefungus.
3. Tevere, mbeu inodyarwa, ichiisa anopfuura maviri muhomwe yega yega.
4. Ipapo ivo vakafukidzwa netete yakatetepa ye substrate uye vanodiridza zvakare, ino nguva ne sprayer.
5. Chekupedzisira, iyo seedbed inoiswa panze, mune semi-mumvuri kana muzuva rakazara.

Vachamera mumwedzi 1-2.

Madenda nezvirwere

Iyo inopokana kwazvo, zvese kune tupukanana nezvirwere. Ikozvino kune mamwe marudzi, senge Pinus halepensis, iyo inonyanya kutyisidzirwa ne paini mudungwe. Kunyangwe iwe usingafanire kunetseka: neiyo Bacillus thurigensis (iri kutengeswa Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa.) unogona kurwa nayo zvakanaka.

Uye zvakare, kana ikadiridzwa zvakawandisa, iyo fungi inokuvadza. Kuti udzivise izvi, iwe unofanirwa kudzora njodzi uye, kana iwe uchifarira kudzivirira zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, irape nemhangura kana sarufa muchirimo nematsutso.

Rusticity

Zvinoenderana nemhando yezvisikwa, asi vazhinji vanopikisa kusvika -18ºC Hapana dambudziko. Kana iwe uine mibvunzo nechero chaiyo, taura nesu 🙂.

Inoshandisa chii?

Chishongo

Pine chirimwa chinoshongedza kwazvo, chinoshandiswa se specimen yakasarudzika kana mumapoka. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzinorwisa uye / kana kudzivirira kukukurwa kwevhu, nedzimwewo dzinodzivisa kusanaya kwemvura nekusvibisa.

Sezvo sekunge izvo zvaive zvisina kukwana, zvinogona kushanda se bonsai. Kana iwe uchida rumwe ruzivo nezvazvo, click here.

Mishonga

Sezvatakataura patakaona mhando huru, vamwe vane zvinonakidza zvekurapa, senge Scots pine. Asi chenjera, usati watanga chero kurapwa unofanirwa kubvunza chiremba.

Madera

Pini huni inokosheswa kwazvo gadzira midziyo.

Wakafungei nezvepaini?