Iyo plum muti wemichero uyo, kunyangwe usiri iwo unokurumidza kukura, unoita iyo ndeimwe yeiyo inoburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hwemichero, inonzi plums, iyo ine yakanakisa kunaka.
Asi zvinofanirwa zvakare kutaurwa kuti iwo muti unoshongedza kwazvo. Kana yatumbuka muchirimo, iyo chena yemaruva ayo inoumba musiyano wakanaka negirini yemashizha awo, uye kana izvo zvisina kukwana, inotsigira zvine mwero mazaya echando.
Mavambo uye hunhu hwepuramu
Ndiwo muti wakasvibira wemichero unokura muSouthern Europe neAsia Minor. Inokura kusvika pakati pemamita manomwe negumi pakureba, uye iine chitanda chakatwasuka chine korona yakatenderedzwa. Mashizha eGreen anotumbuka kubva kumatavi anogona kuita elliptical, obovate kana ovate-lanceolate. Aya yero mumatsutso, ndokuzooma uye pakupedzisira kuwira pasi.
Muchirimo, maruva ayo machena anotumbuka zvine simba, zvinoshanda panguva imwechete nemashizha. Iwo ari hermaphrodites, uye anowanzoonekwa ari mumapoka emaruva maviri kusvika matatu, imwe neimwe ichiyera anenge 2 masendimita muhupamhi.
Plums inoibva mukati mezhizha. ari riini zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nezvakasiyana, mamiriro ekunze uye nekuchengetwa kwainowana. Saizi uye ruvara zvinosiyanawo, asi zvakawandisa tinotaura nezve madripes angangoita mashanu masendimita muchimiro chepasi kana ellipsoidal ine yero, yakatsvuka, yepepuru, yeganda girini, nezvimwe.
Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti puramu ibereke michero?
Mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu inoenderana zvakanyanya nembeu, uye zvakare nehukuru hwemuti. Uye uyu muti wemichero unowanzo kutengeswa wakabatanidzwa, chaizvo, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, sekuvandudza kurwisa kwayo tupukanana uye / kana zvirwere kana kugadzirisa kugadzirisa kwayo ivhu rematombo, kuitora kubereka michero munguva pfupi. .
Naizvozvo, hapana mhinduro imwechete. Maruva ari hermaphroditic, nawo, zvinokwanisika kuwana mbeu plum. Asi kuti zvibereke zvibereko tinofanirwa kumirira mamwe makore.
Kuti uzive zvakawanda kana zvishoma kana ichibereka michero, unofanira kuziva izvozvo:
- Plum yakawanikwa kubva kumbeu inotora angangoita makore 6-8.
- Mapuramu akabatanidzwa anotora makore angangoita matatu (sekureba akareba 3-1,5 metres pakureba, zvinova izvo izvo izvo zvinotengeswa zvinowanzoyera).
Plum mhando
Kune akawanda marudzi epuramu, akaiswa mumapoka maviri:
- European plums: dzinoda huwandu hwakawanda hwemaawa anotonhora * (kutenderedza 700-1000) kuti ubereke michero, saka ivo vanonyanya kukurudzirwa kumatunhu ane hunyoro, ine mwaka wakadzikira uye kutonhora ine tembiricha iri pasi pe zero.
- Claudia
- D'Agen
- Stanley
- mutungamiriri wenyika
- Asia plums: ndeaya eiyo prunus salicina, kana Chinese plum. Uye zvakare, iwo zvakare muti unoshandiswa zvakanyanya kubatanidza kuEuropean plum. Vanoda maawa mashoma anotonhora (pakati pe500 ne 900), uye vanowanzoita michero pakutanga.
- Formosa
- menthey
- Runako Rutsvuku
- Santa Rosa
Chii chiri kuchengetwa kwemuti plum?
Iyo plum muti wemichero unoda nhevedzano yekutarisirwa kuti ive yakanaka. Saka kana iwe uchida kuziva kuti ungamere sei uye upe yakawanda plums, saka ini ndozokuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezvemuti uyu:
Nzvimbo
Icho chirimwa chinofanirwa kuve chinotonhora munguva yechando, saka chichaiswa kunze. Chii chimwe, zvinodikanwa kuti mwaranzi yezuva iwire pairi, sezvo nenzira iyi ichave ichikwanisa kuvandudza.
Kana isu tichifunga nezvekuti haina kukura zvakanyanya, zvinokwanisika kuti ikure mune madiki, epakati uye makuru magadheni, kungave senge yakasarudzika specimen kana mumitsara.
Inogona zvakare kuchengetwa muhari, kunyangwe nekuda kweizvi ini ndinokurudzira kuwana diki plum sezvo isingakure kupfuura 2-3 metres pakureba.
Ndekupi kwekudyara muti wepuramu?
Iyo muti wepuramu haumiririri nemhepo zvakanaka, saka Zvinokurudzirwa kuiisa padyo nemadziro kana ruzhowa zvinoshanda sedziviriro.
Zvakare, kana iwe uchigara munzvimbo inotonhora yemamiriro ekunze, yakanaka ndeyekuti chiise chakatarisa kumaodzanyemba, sezvo nenzira iyi iwe unowana michero kuti ibude zviri nani.
Ndirini paunogona kudyara muti wepuramu?
Iyo yakakodzera nguva yekudyara ndiyo nguva yechando yapera, mashizha awo asati atungira. Kana zvikaitika nguva yechando yakanonoka, usazviita kudzamara zvapfuura nekuti zvinogona kukuvara.
Kudiridza
Kudiridza kuchaitika kazhinji muzhizha, kunyanya mudunhu reMediterranean uye munzvimbo dziya dzinodziya pane mvura shoma. Munguva ino mwaka zvinogona kudikanwa kudiridza katatu pavhiki, nekuti ivhu (kana iyo substrate, kana yakaiswa muhari) inoomesa nekukurumidza; Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kuwedzera mvura kusvikira yanyorova.
Panguva yekuzorora kwegore kuwanda kwekudiridza kunosiyana, kunyanya kana tichigara munzvimbo inonaya nguva zhinji. Asi, kazhinji, hazvidi kuti pasi rirambe rakaoma kwenguva yakareba, sezvo muti wepuramu usingamire kusanaya.
Pasi
- Garden: inosarudza ivhu rinotonhorera uye rakadzika. Inogona kukura mumatombo pasina dambudziko, asi zvirinani kuve nechokwadi chekuti kunyangwe ikatota, inonwa mvura nekukasira.
- Ruva poto: kana iwe uchizove nepamu yako muhari, iwe unofanirwa kuizadza ne, semuenzaniso, akagadzirira substrates senge gadheni remuguta (riri kutengeswa pano) kana zvepasirese. Asi iwe unogona zvakare kuisa yekutanga dura kana ivhu rinoputika, uyezve mulch (iri kutengeswa pano).
Vanyoreri
Anonyorera achaitwa mukati memwedzi iyo iyo muti uri kukura, ndiko kuti, kubva pakutunga kwemaruva nemashizha muchirimo, kusvika kuchitonhora mumatsutso / munguva yechando.
Kune izvi, zvinokurudzirwa kwazvo kushandisa manyowa manyowa gore rese. Iwe unongofanirwa kugara uchifunga kuti, kana iwe uchikura muhari, zvirinani kuisa mafetiraiza emvura kuitira kuti substrate irambe ichienderera nekumwa mvura nekukasira.
Kune mienzaniso mizhinji yerudzi urwu rwe fetiraiza, semuenzaniso:
- Herbivorous mhuka manyowa: mamwe ane hutano kupfuura mamwe. Semuenzaniso, huku inopa nitrogen, phosphorus uye potasium, izvo zvakakosha zvinovaka muviri, asi zvakare nesarufa, magnesium uye micronutrients. Iyo mupfudze webhiza kune rimwe divi, yakaderera mu nitrogen, uye iyo plum inoda mipiro yeichi chikafu kuti ikure zvakanaka.
- guano: zvinogona kuva bat guano (yakajairika) kana shiri dzegungwa senge penguin. Iyo yakafuma kwazvo mune zvinovaka muviri, sezvo iine nitrogen, phosphorus uye potasium, pamwe necarbonic uye uric acids iyo inobvumidza muti wako wemichero kuti ukure uine hutano hwakanaka. zvitore pano.
- Earthworm humusWorm castings dzinenge dzakanyarara zvachose zvinhu zvehupenyu Iine zvinovaka muviri zvakakosha (nitrogen, phosphorus uye potasium), asi zvakare ine magnesium, iyo, iyo plum haingori chete sekubata kwayo, asi zvakare ichakwanisa kupinza zvinovaka muviri zviri nani. Zvitenge pano.
Paunenge uchibhadhara, tevera mafambiro ari pasuru. Nenzira iyi, hapana matambudziko anomuka.
Kukohwa nekuchengetedza
Mbeu dzinoibva mukati mezhizha, saka zvichave mumwaka uno pavanofanira kukohwewa. Asi Izvo zvinofanirwa kuitwa kana ivo vawana yavo yekupedzisira vara, uye kana tichivadzvanya zvinyoro tinozviona zvinyoro nyoro. Saka tinogona kuvabvisa pamuti zviri nyore.
Mushure mezvo, dzinogona kudyiwa dzakasvibirira, kana kuchengetwa mufiriji kwemasvondo maviri kusvika mana. Kana iwe uchizozvichengeta patembiricha yemukati, semuenzaniso mune yekushongedza girazi ndiro, uchafanirwa kuzvidya mukati memazuva mashoma.
Kuwanza
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Salicyna
Iyo plamu inowanda nembeu muchando sezvo ichida kutonhora isati yamera, uye na chirairi mukudonha kana muchirimo.
Mbeu
Unogona Dyara muhari kana mumateyi ane maburi ane ivhu rembeu. Mushure mezvo, vanoiswa munzvimbo ine zuva uye vanodiridza chero nguva substrate painoratidzika kunge yakaoma. Aya ndiwo marongero avanomera muchirimo.
Kuitira kudzivirira fungal (fungal-borne) hutachiona, zvakakosha kuisa hupfu hwemhangura kune iyo seedbed.
Zvinyorwa
Gusset kubatanidzwa kunoitwa, kazhinji pazviratidziro zvakawanikwa kubva pambeu. Inosanganisira kugadzira T-kucheka kweinenge 2cm yemakwati kubva kubazi remuti - semuenzaniso, dema- rinoshanda semudzi, kupatsanura bark zvishoma nebanga rekubatanidza.
Gare gare, chidimbu cheplamu bazi chinowanikwa, uye chikamu chemuchinjikwa chinoitwa panenge paine bundu rekupedzisira kupinza chidimbu ichi, chinonzi gusset, mune incision yatakaita kare.
Kuchekerera
Kuchekerera zvichaitika pakupera kwechando. Ichave nekubvisa kubviswa kwemashizha akaoma uye akatyoka, pamwe nemasuckers. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kutetepa girazi, kubvisa iwo anopindirana, uye kucheka iwo anokura zvakanyanya.
Plum zvipembenene nezvirwere
Iyo iri panjodzi kune zvimwe zvipukanana nezvirwere, izvo zviri:
- Plum nduru mite: the Acalitus phloecoptes Iyo mite inokonzeresa kusati kwasvika mashizha kudonha, pamwe nekuumbwa kwemapundu mashava padivi nebazi.
- Tsvuku tsvuku. iyo Panonychus ulmi Iyo imwe mite inofudza pamuto wemashizha nemuchero. Pamashizha tichaona machena mavara.
- Kuongorora: the Wilsonomyces carpophilus Iyo fungus inogadzira maburi madiki mumashizha, uye inovhenekera mavara pane michero.
- San Jose louse: the cochineal Quadraspidiotus perniciosus hutachiona hunotora huni hwemiti. Inowanikwa mumashizha egirini nemapazi, pamwe nemichero.
- Nguruve: hove dzemarudzi akasiyana siyana dzinokanganisa mashizha, dzichiita kuti dziite sedzakaremara uye dzine makwapa, pamwe nemaruva, zvichivatadzisa kupedzisa kukura uye kubereka michero.
Tupukanana tungarapwe nemushonga unouraya zvipembenene unobvumidzwa pakurima makemikari, senge potassium sipo, neem mafuta kana diatomaceous earth.
Panyaya yekuongorora, zvakanakisa kurapa nema fungicides anotakura mhangura.
Rusticity
Plum inoramba kusvika -18ºC, pamwe ne 35-40ºC kana uine mvura yauinayo.
Plums inopedzwa sei?
Vanogona kudyiwa nekukurumidza pavanenge vatorwa kubva pamuti, kana kugadzirwa navo kuita majamu kana ice cream. Zvakare, michero, iyo isiri chimwe chinhu kunze kwemichero yakaomeswa, inozivikanwa.
Ivo vane hutano hwakakura, nekuti semuenzaniso magiramu 100 epuramu ane magiramu manomwe efaibha, 7 gramu eprotein, 2,18 gramu yemakabhohaidhiretsi, nekuwedzera mavitamini (A, B63.88, B1, B2, C, E uye K), nezvimwe zvicherwa zvakakosha secalcium, iron, magnesium kana phosphorus.
Muchidimbu, kuti muti wepuramu wakanaka zvese kugadheni uye kune hutano. Iwe unotsunga kukura chako?