ari Pyrus miti yakanaka kwazvo ine mashandisiro akasiyana siyana. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzinorimwa zvese mumagadheni nemuminda yemichero, uye kunyangwe muhari hombe.
Chitubu chega chega dzinogadzira maruva anofara kwazvo, erunako rwakachena chena, uye mumwedzi mishoma mushure meizvozvo chero munhu anozogona kudya michero yavo ichangotanhwa kubva kumaenzaniso. Svika pakuvaziva.
Kwakatangira uye hunhu hwePyrus
Yedu protagonist genus yemiti uye mashoma mashoma anodonhedza shrub inoumbwa neanenge makumi matatu emarudzi anozvarwa kumatunhu akadzikama eEurope neAsia. Mazhinji anokura pakati pemamita gumi kusvika gumi nemanomwe pakureba, asi kune mamwe anosvika makumi maviri emamita, senge Pyrus pyraster kana peya yemusango, uye mamwe anogara pakati pemamita masere negumi nemaviri, senge Pyrus nivalis kana chando peya muti.
Mashizha acho mamwe, ovha, petiolate uye anopinza, ane saizi iri pakati pe3 kusvika 10 masentimita kureba. Maruva acho akabatanidzwa mu inflorescence anonzi corymbs, uye iwo akachena. Kana dzangozoita mukume, tanga kuburitsa michero inodyiwa inozivikanwa se pomos inotora yakatenderera kana pyriform chimiro, nehukuru hwakakura kubva pamasentimita maviri kusvika kumatanhatu.
Mhando huru
Izvo zvinotevera:
Pyrus bourgaeana
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Bourgaeana
Inozivikanwa se pyrutane kana yemusango peya, iwo muti unosvika pamamita gumi nematatu kukwirira chizvarwa chesango reMediterranean. Inobereka michero midiki, inosvika 3cm kureba ne 2cm yakafara.
Pyrus calleryana
Inozivikanwa semaruva peya kana C gallery pear muti, iwo muti uri pakati pemamita gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri pakukwirira chizvarwa cheChina. Michero yacho idiki, isingasviki 1cm paupamhi, ndosaka isiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya semuti unodyiwa asi sekushongedza.
Pyrus communis
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Prazak
Inozivikanwa seyari yeEurope kana yakajairika peya, iwo muti uri pakati pemamita gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri pakukwirira chizvarwa chekuEastern Europe neAsia Minor. Mapeya avo ane saizi yakanaka, anosvika ku6cm, aine hwema hunonaka.
Pyrus cordata
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Elisardojm
Inozivikanwa seAtlantic yemusango peya, shrub iri pakati pemamita maviri kusvika matatu kukwirira chizvarwa munharaunda yeAtlantic yeFrance neIberian Peninsula. Iyo inoshandiswa seyekushongedza chirimwa chete, sezvo michero yacho iri diki kwazvo uye inovava.
Pyrus pyraster
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Stefan.lefnaer
Iyo inozivikanwawo separi yemusango, iri muti unosvika pamamita makumi maviri Yakareba chizvarwa cheCentral neEastern Europe, pamwe neSouthwest Asia. Michero yainoburitsa inosvika masentimita gumi.
Pyrus pyrifolia
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz
Inozivikanwa sa nashi, peya yeAsia, peya reJapan, peya yechiKorea, peya yeTaiwan, uye peya peapuro, muti unozvarwa kuAsia uyo inosvika pakureba kusvika pamamita makumi mapfumbamwe. Michero yayo yakafanana chaizvo nemaapuro, asi iyi mhando haina chekuita nemiti yemapuro (malus domestica).
Ndeipi tarisiro yavanoda?
Kana iwe uchida kuve nePyrus kana peya muti mubindu rako kana munda wemichero, tinokurudzira kuzvichengeta zvinotevera:
Nzvimbo
Nguva dzose kunze, muzuva rakazara kana munzvimbo yakajeka. Haisi zvirimwa zvinogona kugara mukati meimba kana mumumvuri. Uye zvakare, inofanirwa kutariswa kuti ivo vanoda kushandisa pakati pe 900 ne 1500 maawa echando muchando kuti vakwanise kubereka michero.
Pasi
- Ruva poto: zvinokurudzirwa kwazvo kushandisa gadheni reguta substrate, senge iyi yavanotengesa pano.
- Garden: vanokura muvhu rakafuma muzvinhu zvakasikwa uye yakanyoroveswa.
Kudiridza
Kakawanda. Mvura avhareji kanokwana ka3 kusvika pasvondo muzhizha, uye mazuva ese mana kusvika mashanu kusvika kusara kwegore
Vanyoreri
Muchirimo nemuzhizha, nefotiraiza yakasikwa kana inogadzirwa, senge kompositi, kukandwa kwehonye, kana mupfudze wemombe, pakati pevamwe.
Kudyara kana kupandukira nguva
Muchirimo, apo njodzi yechando yapfuura. Muchiitiko chekuve nayo muhari, chinja makore ese maviri kusvika matatu.
Kuwanza
Pear miti vanowanda nembeu uye nekubatanidza.
Mbeu
Dzinodyarwa muchirimo, semuenzaniso mumidziyo yetireyi ine substrate yembeu (iri kutengeswa pano). Edza kuisa mashoma mune yega yega alveolus, isingapfuure 2-3, uye uvafukidze netete nhete ye substrate. Pakupedzisira, inodiridzwa uye ndokuiswa kunze, mune semi-mumvuri.
Vachamera mukati memwedzi.
Zvinyorwa
Bud grafts inogadzirwa mumatsutso-chando pane anotevera mapatani.
- Franco: anodzivisa ivhu rematombo kwazvo.
- Quince muti: inowanzo shandiswa nekuda kweiyo homogeneity yakakura yemiti yakabatanidzwa.
- Pear birch mashizha (Pyrus betulaefolia): iwo muti wakazvarwa kuChina, kubva kune iyo tambo yakasarudzwa nekuda kwayo kwakanaka kuramba ivhu rakaoma uye nekuramba kwayo hove.
Nhanho nhanho yekutevera ndeinotevera:
- Kutanga, iwe unofanirwa kugadzira iyo T-yakavezwa incision mune iyo pateni, uye nerubatsiro rwebanga trowel, paradzanisa iyo bark pasina kuisa yakawandisa kumanikidza.
- Iye zvino, gadzira yakatemwa yakareba yemasentimita matatu, kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro, kutenderera iyo yolk, uye nenzira yakatenderera.
- Wobva waisa iyo gusset mune iyo incision, uye sunga iyo yakawanda sezvaunogona nediki yakadzikira kumanikidza.
- Chekupedzisira, chisunge neplastiki kutanga pazasi pebhu, uchipa akati wandei kutendeuka. Paunenge wapedza, ita zvakafanana pamusoro peizvi.
Kana zvese zvikafamba mushe, musingasviki mwedzi (kazhinji, mushure memazuva makumi maviri) unozokwanisa kubvisa mapurasitiki.
Zvipembenene
Iwe unogona kuva Tsvuku tsvuku, pear bug, peya honye, peya meleta, san jose louse, michero nhunzi uye janus del peral.
Unogona kuibata nezvisikwa zvigadzirwa, senge potassium sipo.
Zvirwere
Iyo inopokana, asi inogona kukanganiswa ne mottled uye kuora kwemuti wepari.
Kuchengeta muti uyu uchichengetwa zvakanaka uye uchiiswa mupfudze, zvinozonetsa kuti urware, asi kana ukadaro, ubate nemushonga.
Kukohwa
Zvinoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana, asi pakati pekupera kwechirimo kusvika mukupedzisira kwematsutso.
Rusticity
Yese Pyrus inodzivisa mazaya echando, zvirinani kudzika -7ºC, asi mhando dzeAsia dzinogona kugara munzvimbo dzakadzika kusvika -18ºC.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemapeya dzinokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kudyiwa
Kana iwe uchitsvaga akasiyana siyana ekudyara mubindu rako kana uine muhari, tarisa iwo atinokuratidza pazasi:
white
Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare seye chena yeAranjuez kana mvura peya, inoburitsa yakatambanuka mapeya, iine hurefu chimiro, uye nerakajeka girini ruvara. Huru yaro yakachena, inotapira uye inonhuwirira. Iyo nguva yekuikohwa kwavo kunosvika kumagumo ezhizha.
Tenga pano.
Castle
Iyo inozivikanwawo seSanjuanera kana San Juan, iri musiyano ine kugadzirwa kwepamusoro nezvidiki, zvinowirirana, greenish-yero uye pink mapere. Iyo nyama yakachena, ine shuga, uye ine muto. Ivo vanokohwa mukutanga kwezhizha.
Tenga pano.
Musangano kana Musangano
Inogadzira mapeya ehukuru hwakakora, akareba kwazvo, greenish-yero muvara uye nechena-yero, yakanaka uye ine nyama nyama. Iko kusviba zvishoma, asi kunonaka. Vanogona kukohwewa kusvika kutanga kwematsutso.
Tenga pano.
Ercolini
Iyo inobereka zvikuru peya miriwo inoburitsa michero yepakati nepakakura ine chimiro chakareba, waxy yeyero kana tsvuku muvara. Nyama yakachena, yakanaka kwazvo, ine shuga yakawanda, uye inonyungudika. Nguva yekukohwa kutanga kwezhizha.
Tenga pano.
Bindu Pearl dema pear
Imhando yemhando diki yekukura muhari kana muminda midiki inoburitsa mapepa akasvibira ehukuru hwakanaka, ine nyama chena uye kunhuwirira uye kunhuhwirira kwemavara. inokohwa pakupera kwezhizha.
Tenga pano.
Iwe unotsunga kuva nePyrus here? 🙂