Rosemary chirimwa chinonhuhwirira uye chemishonga chinofarirwa zvikuru mugastronomy nemishonga yemakwenzi, asi semiriwo yese, inoratidzirwa kuzvirwere zvakasiyana zvinogona kukanganisa hutano nekukura kwayo. Kubva kune fungi kusvika kune zvipembenene, zvirwere zverosemary zvinogona kukuvadza chirimwa zvakanyanya kana zvikasabatwa nemazvo.
Munyaya ino tichataura nezvazvo zvirwere zvinowanzoitika zvinogona kukanganisa rosemary, zviratidzo zvavo uye nzira yekudzivirira uye kubata mumwe nemumwe wavo. Kana iwe uchida rosemary kana uine chirimwa chemuriwo uyu, gwara iri rinobatsira zvakanyanya kuchengetedza zvirimwa zvako zvine hutano uye zvakasimba.
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvine rosemary?
Kazhinji, rosemary chirimwa chakasimba uye hachiwanzo kutambura nezvirwere zvakakomba. Nekudaro, semuriwo wese, inogona kukanganiswa nemamwe matambudziko, kusanganisira fungi dzakasiyana, zvipembenene uye mavhairasi. Zvadaro tichataura zvakadzama nezve aya pathologies.
Rosemary Zvirwere: Fungi
Kune akati wandei marudzi efungi anogona kukanganisa rosemary, akadai seaya:
- Phytophthora: Iyi fungus inogona kukonzera kuora kwemidzi uye inogona kutungamirira kurufu rwechirimwa. Inowanzokura muvhu risina mvura zvakanaka kana munzvimbo dzine hunyoro hwakanyanya. Ona faira.
- Rhizoctonia: Inowanzo kurwisa mbesa uye inogona kukonzera midzi, korona uye nheyo yekuora kwechirimwa. Inokura muvhu rakanyorova uye nekuwanda kwezvirimwa. Ona faira.
- Botrytis: Iyi fungus inogona kukonzera mavara pamashizha uye madzinde, uye inogona kutungamirira kurufu rwechirimwa. Inokura mumamiriro ekunyorova kwepamusoro uye kufefetedza kushoma.
Kana kuvepo kwefungus kuchifungidzirwa, zvikamu zvakakanganiswa zvemuti zvinofanira kubviswa uye, kana zvichidikanwa, zvibate nemasikirwo chaiwo kana kemikari fungicides yemhando yega yega.
Rosemary Zvirwere: Zvipembenene
Kwete fungi chete, asiwo zvipembenene zvinogona kukuvadza rosemary. Izvi zvinoonekwa muchimiro chezvipembenene uye zvinogona kuve mhedzisiro kana kukonzera zvimwe zvirwere, ingave yefungal kana viral yakabva. Pakati pezvipembenene zvinonyanya kuwanda pachirimwa ichi ndezvizvi:
- Nguruve: Zvipembenene izvi zvinosveta muto zvinogona kunetesa chirimwa uye kuita kuti mashizha aite yero nekudonha. Aphid zvakare inoburitsa chinhu chinonamira chinozivikanwa se "huchi hwedova," chinogona kukwezva zvimwe zvipembenene nefungi. Ona faira.
- Nhunzi chena: Whiteflies zvipembenene zvidiki zvichena zvinosveta muto kubva pachirimwa, izvo zvinogona kunetesa chirimwa uye kuita kuti mashizha aite yero nekudonha. Vanogona zvakare kutapurira zvirwere kubva kune chimwe chirimwa kuenda kune chimwe. Ona faira.
- Tsvuku tsvuku: Mhungu dzvuku imhute diki inodya muto wechirimwa uye inogona kukonzera kutsvuka uye kudonha kwemashizha. Kuvapo kwemavara machena, machena pachirimwa chiratidzo chekutapukirwa. Ona faira.
- Colorado mbatata beetle: Chipembenene chembatatisi chipembenene chinodya mashizha erosemary nemaruva. Mhuka dzeBeetle dzinogonawo kudya pamidzi yechirimwa, iyo inogona kuderedza chirimwa. Ona faira.
Kana infestation ikaonekwa, zvakakosha kuita nekukurumidza kudzivirira kuti irege kupararira kune zvimwe zvinomera zviri pedyo. Kune izvi, zvisikwa kana zvemakemikari zvipembenene zvakanangana nemhando yega yega yezvipembenene zvinogona kushandiswa, kana zvichidikanwa.
Rosemary Zvirwere: Virusi
Mavhairasi anogona kukanganisa rosemary haawanzo, asi anogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru ehutano kuchirimwa. Aya ndiwo zvirwere zvisingagoni kubereka pasina rubatsiro rwesero yemiti uye zvinonyanya kuparadzirwa nezvinomera zvine utachiona kana nemavectors akadai setumbuyu. Pakati pemavhairasi anogona kukanganisa rosemary ndeaya anotevera:
- Tomato mosaic virus: Inokonzeresa makwapa eyero pamashizha erosemary zvoita kuti apenye obva aita mamisikirwo.
- Cucumber mosaic virus: Zvinokonzerawo makwapa ero uye mashava pamashizha erosemary. Zvakare, zvinogona kuita kuti mashizha aite zvisina kunaka uye kumonyoroka.
- Tomato yellow dwarf virus: Inogona kukonzera kuderera kwekukura kwechirimwa uye kuita kuti mashizha aite yero uye asina kujeka.
Iko hakuna mishonga chaiyo yehutachiona, saka nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira kupararira kwayo ndeyokuchengeta chirimwa chine utano uye chakasimba, uye kudzivisa kupararira kwemiti ine utachiona. Kana kuvepo kwehutachiona kuchifungidzirwa, zvakakosha kubvisa chirimwa chine hutachiona nekukurumidza kuitira kuti chirwere chisapararire.
Nzira yekurapa rosemary inorwara?
Kurapa kwerosemary inorwara Zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere kana chipembenene chiri kukanganisa chirimwa. Heano mamwe mazano akajairika ekurapa muriwo uyu:
- Ziva chirwere kana chipembenene: Zvakakosha kunyatsoona dambudziko riri kukanganisa rosemary kuitira kuti ribate nemazvo.
- Bvisa zvikamu zvakakanganiswa: Kana dambudziko racho rakagumira kune chimwe chikamu cherosemary, senge bud kana shizha, nyatsobvisa kuti usaparadzira dambudziko. Kana chirimwa chacho chikakanganiswa zvakanyanya, zvingave zvakakosha kuti ucheke zvakare kunheyo.
- Bata chirimwa nemishonga yemumba kana chigadzirwa chekutengesa: Kurapa chirwere chakati kana tupukanana, unogona kushandisa mishonga yemumba senge garlic infusions, mafuta emuneem, sipo yezvipembenene, kana zvigadzirwa zvekutengesa zvakanangana nedambudziko riri kukanganisa chirimwa.
- Kudzora mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza: Rosemary inoda ivhu rakacheneswa zvakanaka, mvura yakakwana, uye chiedza chezuva kuti ikure zvine utano. Iva nechokwadi chokuti iri kuwana chiedza chezuva chakakwana uye kuti kudiridza kwakaringana nokuda kwayo.
- Kudzivirira: Kuti udzivise matambudziko emangwana erosemary, iva nechokwadi chekuchengeta chirimwa chakasimba uye chine hutano nekudya kwakanaka uye kutarisirwa kwakawanda.
Kana dambudziko rikaramba riripo pasinei nekurapwa, zvinokurudzirwa kutsvaga rubatsiro kune nyanzvi yezvekurima kana agronomist kuti ndikupe imwe pfungwa yakananga uye marapirwo.
Fungus kudzivirira
Kudzivirira kwakakosha kudzivirira kutaridzika kwefungus murosemary. Ngationei kuti tingazviita sei:
- Kudzora kudiridza: Fungi dzinokura munzvimbo dzine mwando, saka zvakakosha kuti usapfuudza rosemary. Bvumira ivhu kuti riome zvishoma usati wadiridza zvakare, uye iva nechokwadi chokuti mvura haina kunyura pazasi pechirimwa.
- Chengetedza mhepo yakanaka: Dzinopararirawo munzvimbo dzakavharwa dzisina mweya wekufema. Ita shuwa kuti rosemary ine mhepo yakanaka uye kutenderera kwemhepo munzvimbo yayo.
- Dzivisa unyoro: Sezvatakambotaura, fungi inokura munzvimbo dzakanyorova uye dzine rima, saka zvakakosha kudzivirira hunyoro munzvimbo yerosemary. Dzivisa kupfapfaidza mvura pamashizha uye ita shuwa kuti nzvimbo yechirimwa ine mhepo yakanaka uye ine mwenje wepanyama wakanaka.
- Chenesa maturusi egadheni: Fungi dzinogona kupararira kubva kune chimwe chirimwa kuenda kune chimwe kuburikidza nematurusi ekurima. Zvakakosha kuachenesa nekuuraya utachiona usati waashandisa pane mumwe muriwo.
- Shandisa fungicides: Kunyange kudzivirira iriyo nzira yakanakisa, mune dzimwe nguva zvingave zvakakosha kushandisa fungicides kudzivirira kana kudzora kupararira kwefungus parosemary. Fungicides inogona kunge iri organic kana makemikari, uye sarudzo yako inoenderana nerudzi rwefungus uye kuoma kwehutachiona.
kudzivirira zvipembenene
Ngationei zvino zvimwe zvakakosha kudzivirira kuonekwa kwezvipembenene:
- Gara uchiongorora: Zvakakosha kugara uchiongorora rosemary kune chero zviratidzo zvezvipembenene. Kana dambudziko rikaonekwa, zviri nyore kugadzirisa.
- Dyara panzvimbo chaiyo: Kana zvichibvira, dyara rosemary munzvimbo isingaratidzirwe zuva rakananga zuva rose, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukwezva mamwe marudzi ezvipembenene. Dzivisawo kudyara pedyo nemimwe miriwo inokwezva tumbuyu.
- Chengetedza ivhu rine hutano: Ivhu rine hutano uye rakachengetwa zvakanaka rinogona kubatsira kudzivirira kuonekwa kwezvipembenene mu rosemary. Iva nechokwadi chekuisa fetereza nguva nenguva ne organic fertilizer.
- Mvura zvakanaka: Kudiridza kwakakodzera kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza rosemary ine hutano uye kudzivirira zvipembenene kubva pakuonekwa. Diridza chirimwa nguva dzose uye udzivise hunyoro hwakanyanya.
- Shandisa natural insecticides: Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvingava zvakakodzera kushandisa mishonga inouraya zvipembenene kudzivirira kana kudzora kupararira kwezvipembenene. Mimwe mienzaniso ineem mafuta, garlic, uye mafuta elavender.
kudzivirira utachiona
Kusiyana nefungi uye zvipembenene, kudzivirira hutachiona mumiti kunonyanya kuoma nokuti Hutachiona hunogona kutapurirwa nemhando dzakasiyana siyana, semhepo, zvipembenene uye zvishandiso zvebindu. Zvisinei, heano mamwe matanho aungatora:
- Chengetedza chirimwa chine hutano: Miti ine hutano hainyanyi kubatwa nemavhairasi.
- Iva nechokwadi chekushandisa maturusi egadheni akachena: Hutachiona hunogona kutapuriranwa kuburikidza nematurusi egadheni, saka zvakakosha kuti uchenese nekuuraya utachiona usati waashandisa.
- Kudzivirira kupararira kwezvipembenene: Zvipembenene zvinogona kutakura utachiona. Shandisa matanho ekudzivirira ataurwa pamusoro apa.
- Kudyara munzvimbo dzakakodzera: Utachiona hunogona kupararira kubva kune chimwe chirimwa kuenda kune chimwe kana hwakadyarwa munzvimbo dzisiridzo. Zvakakosha kudyara rosemary munzvimbo ine nzvimbo yakakwana pakati pezvimwe zvirimwa kudzivirira kupararira kwehutachiona.
- Bvisa zvirimwa zvine utachiona: Kana chirimwa chine hutachiwana chikaonekwa, zvakakosha kuti chibviswe nekukurumidza kudzivirira kuparadzira hutachiona kune zvimwe zvinomera zviri pedyo.
Ndinovimba ruzivo urwu rwave runobatsira kwauri kudzivirira, kuona nekurapa zvirwere zverosemary.