Muti wemvura (Samanea saman)

samanea saman iwo muti uri chikamu chetsika dzenyika zhinji dzinopisa Yakaunzwa pasi rese uko mamiriro ekunze ekukura kwayo aripo.

Muchikamu chino iwe isu ticharatidza ayo ese maitiro, iyo pekugara iyo inowanikwa zvakanyanya uye iwe zvakare uchadzidza nezve mamwe marapirwo ehunhu uyu mukuru muti une hutano hwevanhu.

Hunhu hwe samanea saman

Unoda kuziva mumwe wemiti inonyanya kuoneka munzvimbo dzinopisa yeCentral America, yehunhu hwayo hwekushongedza uye mhando yemumvuri wayo?

Samanea saman iwo muti wehunhu, kuyera pakati pemamita makumi maviri nemakumi mana nemashanu, mudhiramu rayo ine dhayamita yemamita maviri uye chimiro chekorona yacho ndicho chinoipa hunhu hwejenareta huru yemumvuri, sezvo iine chimiro chemburera yakakura inogona kuyera angangoita 60 metres dhayamita.

Iine bark rerima greyish mavara, ichiratidza kutsemuka kwekumira uye kubvarura mumatete akaenzana-akaumbwa-akafanana. Dzinde rayo rine chiumbwa uye rakadzika rakareba, richikura zvisina kukwana nekuda kweiyo heliotropism. Matavi awo anogona kuve tomentose kana purulent mune zvakasikwa.

Mashizha

Pulbínulo iyo vane mashizha awo mubasal chikamu chepetiole inogadzira izvi, mukati merima rehusiku vanovhara. Mashizha awo ane hutano hwakanaka rinenge rese gore kutenderera, kunyangwe munguva dzekusanaya vanogona kurasikirwa nekuda kwehunhu hwavo hwehusimbe.

Asi izvi zvinoitika chete panguva iyoyo kuti, painongopera, muti unokurumidza kununura mashizha awo ese kuita kunge muti unogara uri girini zvakare.

Mashizha awo akapenya girini uye iwe unogona kuwana maviri kusvika matanhatu maviri pabazi, kuyera pakati pe10 kusvika 35 masentimita pakureba nepakati pe12 kusvika 34 cm. Iyo petiole ndeye 15 kusvika 40 masentimita kureba.

Flores

Maruva e samanea saman kuitika mune terminal panicles uye pakati pemavara ayo girini yakacheneruka inosiyaniswa, ichiratidza muzviitiko zvakawanda dzimwe stamens dzine ruvara runotangira paruvara rwepepuru kusvika pingi.

El calyx yeaya maruva pedicellate ane chimiro chakafanana neicho chefunnel, uye corolla yaro ine ruvara runotenderera pakati pematoni matsvuku neyero. Zvichienderana nenyika iri muCentral neSouth America umo muti uyu unowanikwa, kutumbuka kwawo kunogona kuitika pakati pemwedzi yakasiyana yegore, asi kazhinji izvi zvichaitika pakati paNdira kusvika pakupera kwaApril.

Zvibereko

Este Iine michero ine hunhu hunhu, ane mapods anovagarisa munzira ine mutsetse anokwanisa kuyera anenge masentimita makumi maviri pakureba uye angave anenge masendimita maviri paupamhi.

Nyaya inoenderana:

Chii chinonzi muti wembesa?

Chimwe nechimwe chezvibereko izvi chine mbeu dzinosvika misere uye mukuonekwa kwadzo dzine chimiro chakati sandarara uye nerima mavara, kubva pane dema kusvika shava seyakareruka. Zvibereko zve samanea saman ichaonekwa pamuti pakati paNdira uye kutanga kwaKukadzi kusvika Chikumi, ino iri nguva yakajairika yemichero.

Madera

Hunhu hwe trunk huni hwe samanea saman iko kukomba kwayo pakati pepakati nepakati. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive inopokanasemuenzaniso, kurwisa kwemujuru, asiri iwo unodiwa muti weiyi. Nezve kurwiswa kwefungus, huni iyi inoratidzwawo kunge isingagadzike, ichikwanisa kukuvadzwa nemuenzaniso weizvi.

Brown mavara anowanikwa mukati mehuni.. Mune zvimwe zviitiko rakareruka uye mune mamwe rakasviba muchimiro. Izvo izvo zvese zvienzaniso zvine sapwood inouya nemavara ari kubva kune yero kusvika kuchena.

Kugovera uye pekugara

Sezvatakambotaura, ndiyo nyika dzeCentral neSouth America uko muti uyu unowana kwawakabva. Iyi inzvimbo yakakura iyo inogona kuwanikwa, kutanga kubva kumaodzanyemba neParaguay uye kukwira kuchamhembe, kuburikidza nePeru, Colombia, Venezuela nenyika dzese dziri pakati kusvika vasvika kuMexico.

Asi hazvisi munzvimbo idzi chete umo iyo samanea saman, nekuti nekuda kwehunhu hwavo hwekushongedza uye huwandu hwemumvuri wavanogona kuburitsa, Aya akaunzwa mune dzimwe nyika dzinopisa pasi rese.

Iyo inonaya mamiriro ekunze anonyatsoenderana nemuti uyu, kunyangwe ichigonawo kumira nemamiriro ekunze akaoma, ichikwanisa kuiwana kunyangwe munzvimbo dzinosvika 1000 metres pamusoro pegungwa, nekunaya kwemvura kunogona kusiyanisa mamirimita mazana mapfumbamwe nemazana maviri emvura pagore.

Nzvimbo dzainogara vanogona kuva netembiricha dzakasiyana pakati pe20 ° C uye 35 ° C uye inogona kukura isina matambudziko munzvimbo dzine mwedzi inosvika kusanaya kwemvura, ichirasikirwa nemashizha chete.

Drainage ndiyo kiyi yakakosha iyo ivhu rinofanirwa kuve nayo kuti igadzire. Kunyangwe iine drainage yakanaka vanogona kurarama muvhu-isina ivhu-isina ivhu. Senguva dzose, hunhu hwevhu iro mhando iyi yemuti inokura zvakanyanya Iwo anotangira kubva kuvhu loam kusvika kune jecha ivhu, kuratidza pH ingangoita 6 kana 7.

Zvese izvi inopa iyo inochinjika chimiro Nezve mamiriro ekunze pamwe neivhu ringave iri, rinonyanya kuwanikwa mumasango akasvibira masanna, pakati pezvinomera zvakasikwa izvo sango rinopa uye kunyangwe mumakoridho erwizi.

Izvo zvinoshandiswa

Kuveza ndiko kumwe kushandiswa uko huni hunonyanya kushandiswa. samanea saman, zvake kuramba uye vanokudzwa. Huni dzayo dzinoshandiswa neaya mahunyanzvi kugadzira mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa zvekunyaradza, senge fenicha yeumbozha, makabati nezvakatumirwa, kusvika kumagumo uye kunoshamisa nekuda kwemavara ayo.

Chimiro cheamburera yakakura ine korona yayo inoita kuti muti uyu ushandiswe zvakanyanya kukomberedza zvirimwa zvinoda mumvuri. Imwe yeiyi ikofi. Chimwe chekushandisa icho chinowanzo kupihwa icho nekuda kwehunhu hwayo sejenareta huru yemumvuri kushongedza mapaki, dzimba hombe kana ivhu kune zvikoro, pakati pevamwe vazhinji.

Mishonga

Pakati pezvivakwa, kune mamwe ekurapa. Hunhu hwayo hukuru kupesana nekuzvimba, antifungal, astringent uye antipyretic, ichishandiswa zvakanyanya kune izvi zvivakwa pakurapa kwezvirwere senge eczema kana tibhii.

Mbeu dzayo, nenzira yepasi anowanzo shandiswa senzira yekurapa huro, nepo mashizha awo achiwanzogadzirwa infusions ayo ari marasha. Mukurongeka uku, zvimwe zvikamu, zvakaita semakwati, zvinogona kubikirwa kurapa matambudziko akaita sekudzvinyirirwa kana manyoka.

Mune michero, iyo samanea saman inoshanda seantimicrobial. Kana ikashandiswa sechinhu chinodonhedza mvura inogona kudzikamisa hutachiona izvo zvinokonzeresa marudzi ese ematambudziko ane chekuita nemudumbu. Izvi ndizvo zvese hunhu uye mashandisiro, muti une mumvuri ndeimwe yeanoonekwa munzvimbo dzeAmerica.