Nhasi tichataura nezve muti uyo, pane imwe nguva yegore, unorasa mashizha awo ese kuti ugare pamatavi asina chinhu. Zvayo ndezve Ulmus. Iyo inozivikanwa neyakajairika zita elm uye iwo muti wakasarudzika unosvika paavhareji kureba kwemakumi mana emamita. Ivo vanoumba genus rinoumbwa nemarudzi akawanda emarudzi, atinozoona akakosha kwazvo. Iwo muti muhombe, wakasimba uye mufananidzo wawo unobata kanopfuura kamwe kana uchiona.
Muchinyorwa chino tichaenda kukuudza hunhu uye kutarisirwa kwakazara kwemiti yeiyo genus Ulmus uye kutsanangura iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa mhando.
Mhando huru
Hunde dzemiti iyi dzakakora zvakadaro kwete nguva dzose zvakakwana. Dzimwe nguva tinozviwana nenzira inotyisa. Chimwe chakakosha miti iyi ndeyekuti painenge ichikura nekukura, hunde inotanga kuita kunge isina mhango. Pamusoro pazvose, zvinoitika mumatanho ekuti, kuitira kuti uvachengetedze zvakanaka uye nekupa inoyevedza inoyevedza mumapaki nemuminda, inoiswa pasi pekutemwa kazhinji. Iyo bark rinovhara trunk rakashata uye rakatsemuka mukugadzirwa. Iine ruvara rwebhuruu, dzimwe nguva netoni dzakasviba uye dzimwe nguva dzakasviba muvara.
Ndiwo muti unoshandiswa kushongedza mapaki nemagadheni nechishandiso chakakosha icho icho chinopa mumvuri wakakura chaizvo. Nekuve nekorona ine gobvu mashizha, matete asi akawanda kwazvo matavi, inokwanisa kuchengetedza zviuru zvemashizha zvinopa mumvuri. Yati mashizha ane chimiro chakareruka, chinoshanduka uye cheovate. Iyo micheto yemapfumo yakasungwa zvakapetwa kaviri uye yakaita moyo. Kuenzanisa kwaro kwakakosha.
Kune rumwe rutivi, maruva acho akabatanidzwa mu inflorescence anogona kuunganidza anosvika makumi matatu maruva. Ivo vanopa kumera kune muchero uyo unopararira mashizha asati aumba zvizere. Chibereko chayo chine chimiro chakatsetseka kune rimwe divi uye chinonzi chiri muchimiro chesamara. Michero pakuzvarwa yakasvibira uye kana ikakura inoita yero. Ivo vanokanganisa mukati menguva yechando panosvika mwaka uye tembiricha yakakwira.
Ulmus kugara
Kazhinji, miti yeiyo genus Ulmus inowanikwa munzvimbo dzinodzikama kuchamhembe kwenyika. Iko hakuna mutsauko pakati pemakondinendi. Inofarira ivhu rakadzikama, rakadzika rine huwandu hwakakwana hwehupenyu kune manyowa. Kurima kwaro kunogona kuitiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba hemisphere, chero bedzi mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza achidzorwa.
Mhando yemamiriro ekunze uko Ulmus inokura uye iine ivhu rakanaka mamiriro anoita kuti ive inopokana nemhando dzose dzezvipembenene nezvirwere. Kana iyo isiri mune yakanaka mamiriro, ichatambura kubva kune rimwe dambudziko. Semuenzaniso, mamwe emhando huru dzerudzi urwu ari kukanganiswa ne howa hwakadaidzwa Ceratocystis ulmi uye nechirwere chinonzi graphiosis.
Iyo fungus yataona inotakurwa netwupuka nekukasira kumhanya. Chirwere ichi chinokanganisa mienzaniso yakawanda pasirese, kunyanya muEurope. Izvi zviri kukonzera kudzikiswa kwevanhu vavo kusvika pamakumi masere muzana, saka Ulmus yatove kufungidzirwa semhuka iri panjodzi.
Anonyanyo kuzivikanwa mashandisiro
Iye zvino tichaongorora mashandisiro emuti uyu. Iine akawanda mabhenefiti ehutano, inoshandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana. Iyo bark ndiyo chikamu cheiyo elm iyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Kubudikidza nekugadzirwa kweiyo tinctures kana muchimiro che infusions, inogona kushandiswa kurapa matambudziko ekupokana, mudumbu kurwadza uye neayo antidiarrheal mhedzisiro. Kune zvakawanda zvidzidzo pa elm bark uye vanozviisa mumushonga seye astringent, antispasmodic uye zvakaratidzwa kuti zvine expectorant zvivakwa. Izvi zvakakonzera kushandiswa kwaro mukurapa kwemazuva ano kune akasiyana matambudziko ehurongwa hwekufema.
Iyo zvakare ine inorwisa mabhakitiriya zvinhu zvinobatsira kubata akasiyana maronda ekunze. Kune maronda akadzika mashandisiro ayo haakurudzirwe, nekuti anogona kukonzeresa kutsamwa. Munguva dzekare, kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika, huni dzeiyo elm dzave dzichishandiswa kuvaka zvikepe. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti ine yakanyanya kuramba mvura. Kana yaoma, nyore kukotama mumhando dzakasiyana. Yaikosheswa mushe mushe uye kugadzira makabineti nekuda kwerima hue iyo yainowana nekufamba kwenguva.
Parizvino, kushandiswa kwayo kwaderera zvakanyanya kubva ipapo vanhu vavo vari kuderera zvakanyanya.
Mhando huru dzeiyo genus Ulmus
Tichaita tsananguro pfupi yemhando huru dzejenasi Ulmus
Ulmus mudiki
Inozivikanwa nezita rekuti zvakajairika elm. Inogona kusvika pakakwirira pakakwirira ingangoita makumi matatu emamita kukwirira. Iine kukura kwakakurumidza, kunyanya pavanenge vari vadiki. Mashizha anoshandiswa kufudza dzimwe mhuka dzakaita semakamba kana tsuro. Inokura munzvimbo dzakakwirira kubva pamamita 30 kusvika 0 metres.
Inogona kumira chando kudzika -20 madhiri, asi hairegerere munyu. Unogona kuichekera kubvisa matavi akaoma uye ekare.
ulmus glabra
Inozivikanwa nezita rinowanzozivikanwa re gomo elm. Inowanikwa mumasango akasanganiswa, beech kana fir miti. Kureba kwayo kwepamusoro kunogona kusvika pamamita makumi mana. Iyo bark ine astringent uye sudorific zvimiro. Inofarira ivhu rakaorera uye inodzivisa kusvibiswa nemhepo.
Ulmus parvifolia
Zita rayo rakajairika ndere chinese elm. Ndiyo chaiyo bonsai inoitirwa mukati. Hazvitenderi chando kana nguva yakareba yezuva rakananga. Unofanirwa kuidiridza ka2 kana katatu mumasvondo muzhizha kuti urambe wakanyorova.
ulmus pumila
Vulgarly inozivikanwa se siberian elm. Kureba kwayo kunosvika 15 metres uye inokura nekukurumidza mumakore ayo ekutanga. Inoenderana nemhando dzese dzevhu, kusanganisira limestone. Zviri nyore kuita kuteterera kwekutema kwemapazi makore ese matatu kusvika matatu kudzivirira mashizha akawandisa.
ulmus laevis
Inozivikanwa se chena elm kana kudedera elm. Inosvika pakureba ingangoita makumi matatu nemashanu emamita uye inogona kukura kubva pamwero wegungwa kusvika kumamita mazana mazana manomwe. Inoenderana nenhamba huru yevhu.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pemhando huru dzerudzi rweUlmus.