El Pyrus cordata kana pearl yeAtlantic yemusango Ivo ndeve mhuri yemaruva (Rosaceae), amygdaloid subfamily, sezvakaita apuro uye quince.
Rudzi rwePyrus runoumbwa nemhando dzinosvika makumi maviri neshanu dzinowanikwa muAsia, Europe neNorth Africa, imwe yacho iri iyo Pyrus cordata, a muti diki unogara uri girini, inozivikanwawo separi yemusango, ichi ichi chinowanzoitika munzvimbo dzine makwenzi.
Hunhu hwePyrus cordata
El Pyrus cordata Iwo muti mudiki une hunhu hwakafanana ne Pyrus bourgaeana , que inogona kusvika pamamita matatu kusvika mashanu pakukwirira, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzakakodzera inogona kukura zvakanyanya. Iine trunk yakasimba uye ine simba, ine grey-grey-brown ine chitarisiko chakatsemuka.
Nematavi ane minzwa uye mashizha anodonha muchimiro chemoyo pazasi payo kubva pa2,5 kusvika 3,5 masentimita mukuwedzera kwayo, denderedzwa, yakanongedzwa uye yakarongedzwa zvakasiyana. Mashizha ane vhudzi kana achinge atunga, asi anowanda zvishoma nezvishoma uye kana akura haapi vhudzi. Mhando iyi hermaphroditic, sezvo iine nhengo dzechirume neechikadzi, pollination inoitika nekutenda kupindira kwezvipembenene.
Kutumbuka
Kutumbuka kwayo kunoitika pakati pemwedzi waKubvumbi naMayMaruva ayo ane zvidiki zvidiki machena uye akarongedzwa anenge akaenzana pakureba. Michero yemuti uyu idiki kubva pa1 kusvika ku1,5 cm uye yakatsvukuruka muvara.
Iyo pearl yeAtlantic yemusango inokura mune inorema ivhu revhu, mu nzvimbo dzine zuva kumucheto kwemasango kana mumahedge. Simba rayo rinoita kuti zvibvumire kusvibiswa kwemhepo; humidity hwakanyanya uye nemhando dzakasiyana dzevhu, sekureba sekubereka zvine hungwaru; nzvimbo dzine chiedza mumvuri uye kusanaya kwemvura. Inogara pakukwirira kwakasiyana, kubva pamwero wegungwa kusvika kumamita mazana gumi nemashanu ekukwirira.
Kutanga
Ichi chirimwa chinowanikwa pakati nepakati kumabvazuva kweEurope, kunyangwe ichiitikawo kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweAsia. Zvekuva a muti wakasimba, wakadzika midziInowanikwa kumabvazuva, pakati nekumadokero kweEurope, kunyanya muAtlantic uye subatlantic nzvimbo iri pakati peBasque Nyika neBrittany.
Kurima kwaro nekutarisira
Kudyara kwemusango peya kunokurudzirwa kana mbeu yaibva mumwaka wekudonha; kumera kwayo kunoitika munguva yechando. Nekudyara kwavo kwakanyanya, mbesa dzinofanira kutemwa uye kudzidyara mumidziyo yega yega, kana dzasvika pahukuru hwakakodzera kuti dzibatwe, dzinoenderera nekudyara zvakanyanya munzvimbo inotonhorera ine mumvuri wakareruka kwavanozogara kwegore.
Kudyara kwayo kwekupedzisira kuchaitika mukati megore kana kutanga kwezhizha kwegore rinotevera. Mbeu dze Pyrus cordata hazviwanzoitika, nokudaro ivo vashoma kwazvo, izvo zvakakonzera kudikanwa kwechirongwa chekudzoreredza uye chekuchengetedza.
Use
Rudzi urwu haruna kushandiswa kukuru. Zvisinei, inoshandiswa se kubatanidzwa kweimwe mhando yemiti yemapeya (kuva Zvakakosha kuziva nguva yekuita kubatanidzwa), ese eEuropean neAsia, kuti vawane mamwe mahybridi ane zvibereko ane midzi yekuwedzera.
Zvinotyisa
Iyi ndiyo mhando yakatendera kushanduka kwakanyanya kwemamiriro ekunze uye kudzvinyirira mahedges, ayo pasina mubvunzo anoiisa kuzvirwere zvinogona kuisa njodzi pakurarama kwemuti uyu. Naizvozvo, chave chinhu chebasa uye nesimba nekuda kwayo kuchengetedza uye kuparadzira nekuti inomiririra yakasarudzika uye ishoma genura zviwanikwa. Ichi chirimwa chinopa yakanaka hybridization pamwe nemamwe marudzi emapeya kubva kune yakanaka mhedzisiro inotarisirwa.
Muti uyu chikamu chemhuri yakakura yeRosaceae, ine marudzi anodarika zviuru zviviri nemazana mashanu uye anopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe genera, mumiriri wemaruva Rosaceae ndeimwe yemhuri dzakakosha kwazvo dzeangiosperms. Hongu OK kupatsanurwa kwayo kunoramba kuri musoro wehurukuro, iyo taxonomy inowanzoenderana nemana subfamilies inoenderana zvakanyanya nerudzi rwemichero iri kubvunzwa, kungave nemadhiramu (michero yematombo ane nyama), ine michero umo maruva hypanthium anova ane nyama) kana ne follicles (michero yakaomeswa iyo ivo vanovhura kune rumwe rutivi.