Yew (Taxus)

El yew Iyo coniferi isinganyatsokura zvakanyanya (kwete kana tichiienzanisa nezvinogona kukura nevamwe), uye pane ayo zvakare kune akawanda marudzi nemarimi ayo anogona kutorimwa muminda midiki uye / kana muhari.

Senge sekunge izvo zvaive zvisina kukwana, zvinopesana zvakanyanya nechando uye zvinogona kurarama pasina matambudziko muvhu rematombo. Saka kana iwe uchitsvaga chirimwa chine hunhu uhu, pazasi iwe uchaona maitiro ekuzvichengeta.

Mavambo uye hunhu

Yew izwi rinoreva ma conifers eiyo botanical genus Taxus, iyo inoumbwa nemhando makumi maviri neshanu yemhando dzakarongedzwa mumapoka mana (Baccata, Cuspidata neSumatrana). Zvimwechetezvo, kune mairi mahybridi akanyanyorimwa zvakare, ayo ari iwo Taxus x midhiya (Chibereko chemuchinjikwa pakati taxus baccata x Taxus cuspidata), uye Taxus x hunnewelliana (Taxus cuspidata x Taxus canadensis). Inowanikwa kuEurasia neAmerica.

Inogona kusvika pakakwirira kusvika pamamita makumi matatu, kunyangwe ichienderana nemhando uye nemamiriro ezvinhu kwainogara, inogona kukura zvishoma. Korona yaro inowanzo kuve piramidhi, iine nhamba hombe yematavi inotumbuka yakatwasuka kubva kuhunde huru. Hunde yacho inowanzo gobvu, inosvika 1,5m dhayamita, iine bark rakatetepa rakasvibira.

Mashizha akareba gumi kusvika makumi matatu, uye akarongedzwa mumitsara yakatarisana. Ruvara rwayo rakasvibira girini padivi rekumusoro uye yero kana glabrous pazasi pezasi. Izvo zvinogara, asi usakonzere kuvhiringidzika neshoko iri: izvi zvinoreva kuti vanogara pachirimwa kwenguva yakareba, asi kunouya nguva apo pavanodonha kuita nzira yemashizha matsva.

Iyo dioecious, ine echirume neechikadzi mienzaniso. Chibereko ibheri rinogona kudyiwa, asi chete mushure mekubviswa kwembeu.

Zvikamu zvacho zvese (kunze kwechibereko, sekutaura kwatakaita) zvine chepfu, uye zvinogona kukonzera rufu mukati memaminetsi mashoma. Hupenyu hwayo hunotarisirwa hwakareba, kupfuura makore churu. MuSpain, kutaura zvazviri, isu tine muBermiego (Asturias) chiratidziro chinonzi Bermiego Yew ine makore anofungidzirwa angangoita makore zviuru zviviri, inoonekwa seyew yakare kwazvo munyika uye imwe yevakuru muEurope.

Mhando huru

Inonyanya kufarirwa ndeiyi:

taxus baccata

Iyo inozivikanwa seyakajairwa yew kana dema yew, uye iri mhando iyo yakatanga kwayo shanduko panguva yeJurassic (anopfuura makore mamirioni 145 apfuura). Inokura kumadokero, pakati nekumaodzanyemba kweEurope, uye inosvika pakakwirira pakakwirira yemamita gumi ine trunk dhayamita inosvika ku4m.

Kana zvese zvikafamba zvakanaka, anogona kusvika makore zviuru zvishanu.

Taxus brevifolia

Iyo iri mhando yemunozvarwa kuPacific Northwest, muNorth America. Inozivikanwa muChirungu se »Pacific Yew» kana Pacific yew. Inosvika 10-15 metres pakureba nehunde inosvika 50cm muhupamhi.

Kukura kwaro mwero kunonyanya, kunonoka.

Taxus cuspidata

Ndiwo muti unozvarwa kuKorea, Japan, China neRussia inozivikanwa seJapan yew. Inosvika pakakwirira kusvika pamamita matanhatu, ine dhiramu dhayamita inosvika 60cm.

Hupenyu hwayo hunotarisirwa hunenge chiuru chemakore.

Ndezvipi zvinovanetsa?

Kana iwe uchida kuve neyew specimen, tinokurudzira kuzvichengeta seinotevera:

Nzvimbo

Icho chirimwa icho Inofanira kunge iri kunze, izere nezuva kana mune semi-mumvuri. Kuti ive nebudiriro yakanaka zvinokurudzirwa kuisima muvhu, chinhambwe chingangosvika 5-6 metres kubva pamadziro, pombi, nezvimwe. pamwe nemimwe miriwo mirefu.

Pasi

• Ruva poto- Shandisa substrates ine pH isina kwazvakarerekera kana alkaline pH (pH 7). Kana iwe usinga zive izvo izvo, usanetseke: iyo yepasirese substratum "yehupenyu hwese" ichakubatsira iwe, asi inovandudza yako drainage kuwedzera 30% pearlite kana ivhu. Unogona kuzvitenga pano.
• Garden: inokura muvhu realkine, uye inogona kuchinjika kune ayo ari acidic zvishoma (pH 6,5). Izvo zvakakosha kuti vave nemadhiraini akanaka kuitira kuti mvura irege kuramba yakamira kwenguva refu.

Kudiridza

Inenge 3-4 nguva pavhiki muzhizha, uye mazuva ese 4-5 mazuva ese egore. Asi chenjera, ichi chipakati, kwete mutemo wakatarwa. Semuenzaniso, kana ikanaya yakawanda munzvimbo yako panguva inotonhora yegore, kuwanda kwekudiridza kunenge kuri kushoma.

Zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze munzvimbo yako, uchafanirwa kudiridza zvakanyanya, kana zvishoma.

Vanyoreri

Zvinokurudzirwa kubhadhara muchirimo uye muzhizha nefotereza, sezvakaita guano kana manyowa. Paridzai nhete inenge 4cm gobvu kutenderedza hunde yacho, muisanganise nehupamhi hwevhu, nemvura.

Kana iwe uine iyo muhari, shandisa mafetiraiza emvura uchitevera rairo yakatarwa pamudziyo.

Kuchekerera

Izvo hazvidiwe, kunyangwe ichigona kutemwa munguva yekupedzisira yechando kuti ibvise matavi akaoma, anorwara, asina kusimba kana akatyoka, uye nekuigadzira.

Kuwanza

Shuffle inowanza nembeu uye nekucheka. Ngatione maitiro ekuenderera mune ese kesi:

Mbeu (mumatsutso / munguva yechando)

1. Chinhu chekutanga kuita kubvisa iyo yekumonera yekumonera uye kuishambidza nemvura.
2. Gare gare, ivo vanodyarwa mune tupperware ine vermiculite yakambonyoroveswa nemvura, uye izvi zvinoiswa mufiriji kwemwedzi mitatu.
3. Kamwe chete pasvondo, iyo tupperware inobviswa uye muvharo unobviswa kumutsiridza mweya uye kutarisa humidity ye vermiculite, iyo inofanirwa kugara yakanyorova
4. Mushure menguva iyoyo, isu tichaenderera mberi nekudyara muhari neyakajairika kurima substrate.

Saka kuti howa husaite zvinhu zvadzo, zvinokurudzirwa kwazvo kumwaya mhangura kana sarufa zvese mutupperware uye muhari yemaruva.

Kumera kunononoka uye hakuenzanisike, asi kana zvese zvikafamba zvakanaka vanozomera mumwedzi inenge 3-4.

Cuttings (munguva yechando, mushure mechando)

Kuti uwedzere nekucheka, cheka zvidimbu zvematavi angangoita 20-25cm pakureba, ane mamwe matanda ekare pazasi pavo. Zvino, hwaro hwakaiswa mudumbu neyakagadzirwa midzi uye yakasimwa muhari nejecha regomo (pomx kana akadama semuenzaniso), mune semi-mumvuri.

Nenzira iyi ichaburitsa midzi yayo mumwedzi kana zvakadaro.

Madenda nezvirwere

Iyo inopokana kwazvo, zvekuti chipembenene chega chingakonzeresa kukuvara ndicho Woodlouse, iyo inorapwa neparafini kana nemishonga inouraya mealybug.

Kana zviri zvirwere, fungi inokonzera yero uye desiccation yemashizha, asi haina kushata uye kutaura zvazviri haiwanzo kurapwa. Zvisinei, kana iwe uine hanya iwe unogona kurapa chirimwa chako nemushonga fungicides.

Rusticity

Inoramba isina matambudziko kusvika -18ºC.

Unoshandisa chii?

Chishongo

Yew yakashongedza kwazvo conifer, yakanaka kuve nayo semuenzaniso wakasarudzika, mukuenderana kana mumapoka. Uyezve, inowanzo shandiswa se bonsai.

Zvinodyika

Mepuru yemichero inogona kudyiwa kana mbeu yaburitswa, saka zvinonakidza kudzikamisa dumbu zvishoma kusvika nguva yekudya it's.

Madera

Iyo huni yemarudzi mazhinji eew yakashandiswa uye inoshandiswa mukuveza uye kujoina, sezvo ichipesana nemamiriro ekunze.

Wakafungei nezvemuti uyu?