El hazelnut Sisityalo se-shrub esinqumlayo esivela eYurophu nase-Asiya esilinyelwa iziqhamo zaso ezimnandi, iihazelnuts, kodwa kunye nexabiso laso elimangalisayo, kuba linokugcinwa njengesiqhelo esizimeleyo okanye kwiithango eziphakamileyo ngendlela eqinisekisa ukhuseleko. imfihlo yabo bafuna ukonwabela umyezo.
Amagqabi amahle aluhlaza ajika umbala omthubi onamandla ngokungathandabuzekiyo oya kutsala amehlo abo bonke abaza kukubona. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngaye? Ungaphoswa emva koko Isikhokelo sokhathalelo lwe hazelnut esikulungiselele yona, apho uza kufumana khona yonke into malunga nesi sityalo sihle.
Iimpawu zeHazelnut
UHazel, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi IHazelnut corylus, Yi shrub okanye umthi omncinci okhula ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8 yeemitha ukuphakama. Isithsaba sayo sandisiwe kakhulu, kwaye amasebe sele evela kwisiseko. Amagqabi arhangqiwe, malunga ne-12cm ubude, kwaye ayapapasha, oko kukuthi, aneenwele "ezimfutshane kakhulu nezithambileyo.
Kukho iintyatyambo zesilisa kunye neentyatyambo zabasetyhini. Ezokuqala zii-catkins ezibizwa ngokuba zii-catkins, ezinokufikelela kwi-12cm ubude kwaye zimthubi-mdaka ngombala; eyokugqibela, kwelinye icala, ayifane ibonakale kuba ihluma kumagqabi kwaye incinci kakhulu. Zombini zihluma kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo - luhlobo lwe-monoecious- entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga avele.
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- Iintyatyambo ezingamadoda
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- Iintyatyambo zabasetyhini
Ukuze isiqhamo senziwe, kubalulekile ukuba umungu ophuma kwiintyatyambo zobudoda ufikelele kwezo zimazi, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ngokungafaniyo nezinye izityalo, basebenzisa amandla omoya. Ukuba ubenethamsanqa, ii-hazelnuts ziyakukhula iinyanga ezisi-8, nekuya kuthi xa zilungele ukubanda ngaphambi kokuntshula.
Uzikhathalela njani?
Ukuba ungathanda ukuba nomthi we-hazel egadini yakho, qaphela ingcebiso yethu:
Ubicación
Sisityalo ekufuneka sigcinwe ngaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo, okanye emthunzini omnyama ukuba imozulu ishushu kakhulu. Ukumelana neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -10ºC, kodwa hayi amaqondo obushushu aphezulu angaphezulu kwama 32ºC.
Unkcenkceshelo
Ithanda umhlaba opholileyo kwaye ofumileyo, ke ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kube rhoqo. Ngexesha leenyanga ezifudumeleyo kufuneka unkcenkceshelwe kathathu ngeveki, kwaye unyaka wonke yonke imihla emi-3-4. Kule nto siza kusebenzisa imvula okanye amanzi ane-asidi (ukongeza ulwelo lwesiqingatha selamuni kwi-5l / amanzi) ukunqanda i-chlorosis.
Umbhalisi
Ukuba sisityalo esineziqhamo ezisetyenziselwa ukutyiwa ngabantu Kufuneka ihlawulwe ngezichumiso eziphilayo, njengoko umgquba, umbungu womhlaba o umquba Kanye ngenyanga ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhula (entwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo).
Umgangatho
Iya kukhula ngaphandle kwengxaki kwimihlaba ene-pH yayo phakathi 5,5 kunye ne7. Isenokuba kuloo mihlaba ikhathalayo, kodwa ukuze ikhule ngokuchanekileyo kuya kufuneka ukongeza isalfate yentsimbi amaxesha ngamaxesha okanye ukuyichumisa ngezichumisi zezityalo ezineasidi.
Ukuthena
Ekwindla kuye ngasekupheleni kobusika Iziqu eziphuma kwisiseko kufuneka zisuswe, kwaye kufuneka zithenwe zilandela uhlobo lwetyholo.
Ukutyala
Ukuba monoecious, Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kutyalwe iisampulu ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu entwasahlobo (owasetyhini nowesilisa) ngokwemiqolo kushiya umgama phakathi kweesampulu zeemitha ezi-5 ubuncinci.
Olunye ukhetho kukuthenga i-hazelnut edibeneyo yokugcina indawo egadini.
Ukuvuna
Amanqatha ziqokelelwa xa imvulophu itshintshile umbala (ukusuka eluhlaza ukuya kumbala omdaka) kwaye iqala ukoma, eyenzeka ngokuwa.
Izala njani?
I-Hazelnut ivelisa kwakhona ngembewu okanye ngamahlumela. Kufuneka wenze ntoni kwimeko nganye?
Imbewu
Ukuba ne-hazelnuts ezisencinci, imbewu kufuneka ifunyanwe ekwindla-ngokukhethekileyo, kwihlathi ngokwalo, nangona ziya kusinceda nazo xa sizithenga ngobuninzi kwivenkile-, kwaye ulandele la manyathelo:
- Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukuyihlwayela kwi-tupperware ene-vermiculite ethanjiswe ngamanzi kwifriji kwi-6-7ºC.
- Kanye ngeveki kunye neenyanga ezintathu, i-tupperware iyakususwa kwaye isiciko sivulwe ukuze umoya uhlaziyeke kwaye, ngale ndlela, ukwanda kokungunda kuthintelwe.
- Emva kwelo xesha, entwasahlobo baya kuhlwayelwa kwiimbiza kunye ne-substrate ekhulayo yendalo exutywe ne-30% ye-perlite, kwaye baya kubekwa emthunzini omncinci.
Imbewu iya kuhluma kwiinyanga ezi-2-3, ukugcina umhlaba ufumile.
Iziqu
IHazelnut sisityalo esihlala sithatha ukukhupha iziqu ezininzi, zona ingasuswa ngegaba -Kwaye unonophele kakhulu in - entwasahlobo ukuze kamva ubatyale ezimbizeni okanye kwezinye iimbombo zentsimi.
Ungamilisela njani iihazelnuts?
Ukuba ufuna ukuba ne-hazelnut evelisa iziqhamo, ungayifaka xa ine-trunk ubukhulu be-2cm ubuncinci. Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka ulinde de kube intwasahlobo iqale ukusika isebe elinemithi emininzi kwaye ulilime kwisityalo sakho, wenze i ulwahlulo olucacileyo olupheleleyo, okwenziwa ngokusika nkqo kwesebe okanye isiqu, nokwazisa ukusika. Ukugqiba, kufuneka uyijoyine ngentambo yeraffia, kwaye uyigubungele ngengxowa yeplastiki ebonakalayo.
Emva kweentsuku ezingama-21, susa ibhegi, kwaye emva kweenyanga ezimbini kuphela ungasusa intambo.
Izinambuzane kunye nezifo zeHazelnut
Zininzi izinambuzane nezifo ezinokukuchaphazela. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezona ziphambili kunye nendlela yokubaphatha:
Izinambuzane
- Zintwala: Zivela kwiintyatyambo, zithintela ukukhula kwazo. Ungabanyanga nge Ioyile yeNem, okanye ngeoyile yokubulala izinambuzane ethengiswa kwiindawo zokugcina abantwana.
- Isiqhamo bud inundu: ngumpidopteran (I-Recurvaria manellaimibungu ehlasela iintyatyambo kwaye kamva amagqabi. Baphathwa ngeoyile yokubulala izinambuzane ebusika.
- Umsebenzi wasebusika: izibungu zebhabhathane Umsebenzi brumata ichaphazela amagqabi, apho ziqengqeleka khona. Isityalo kufuneka siphathwe ngaphambi kokudubula kunye neCarbaryl.
- Iirhorhoi zebhedi: Zizizinambuzane ezi-1cm ubude, zinamaqanda okweqanda nangokubonakala okukude. Itya incindi yamagqabi, kwaye inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwii-hazelnuts. Baphathwa nge-Neem Oil.
Izifo
- Umngundo womphunga: Ngumngundo ochaphazela ikakhulu amagqabi, apho kuya kuvela amabala amhlophe. Iphathwa ngohlobo lokubulala ukungunda.
- Ukubola okupheleleyo: Zizinto zokungunda ezichaphazela iingcambu xa imeko ifumile kakhulu kwaye umhlaba awunamanzi afanelekileyo. Iphathwa ngamayeza okubulala ukungunda.
- Ububi bokukrazula: Ngumngundo othi, nje ukuba wosulele isityalo, akukho nto inokwenziwa. Amasebe aqhekezwe ngokupheleleyo emva kweminyaka emi-5 kuphela. Ngethamsanqa, inokuthintelwa ngokuphepha ukuntywila emanzini kunye nokufaka isichumiso entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni.
- IHazel gloesporiosis: Sisifo esithintela ukukhula kweentyatyambo. Ihlasela izikhupha, ibangele ukuba ijike ibe mnyama ukugqiba ukoma. Ijongene neManzodeb ekuphakameni kwehlobo (Nge-Agasti kwiNtla yeIkhweyitha).
Ukusetyenziswa kweHazelnut
IHazelnut isetyenziselwa ikakhulu iziqhamo zayo, kodwa nanjengesityalo sokuhombisa, nokuba sisampulu yodwa okanye imithwalo eyenziweyo. Kodwa kufuneka kuthiwe inezinto zonyango, enyanisweni, injalo antipyretic, engqindilili y antiememous.
Ingathathwa ngokwenza ukumnika iigram ezingama-25 zamagqabi aluhlaza ukubulala iintsholongwane kumanxeba, umungu ngokubilisa iigram ezingama-50 emanzini ukuvelisa amandla, okanye emva kokupheka iigrama ezingama-35 zexolo kwi1l yamanzi kangangemizuzu engama-20 njenge engqindilili.
Ngaba uyazi zonke ezi nyaniso malunga ne-hazelnut?
Ndinengxaki enzima nge-hazelnut eyatyalwa ngubawo kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, andifuni ukuyilahla kwaye xa ndithetha inyani andazi ukuba ndiza kuyinyanga njani.
Molo Lola.
Yintoni ingxaki enayo i-hazelnut yakho?
A ubingelele.
Ndiyazi njani ukuba i-hazelnut yam yindoda okanye ibhinqa, ndinayo kuphela. Kwaye andicingi ukuba kumiliselwe. Kwimeko yokuba ndimilisele kuluphi uhlobo lwesibonda ekufuneka ndiyenzile?
Molo Constance.
Uyakwazi ukwazi ukuba bubufazi okanye ubudoda xa budubula, ngaphambi kokuba ungakwazi.
Ungamilisela phakathi / ngasekupheleni kobusika (ngoFebruwari kwiNtla yeNtlabathi) ngokusika okanye ukubethelela iCorylus colurna, iHazelnut yaseTurkey.
A ubingelele.
Ndinee hazelnuts ezi-3 kwaye ngaphambi kokuvuna ii-hazelnuts ezininzi ziyawa kwaye uninzi lwazo lunomngxunya omncinci.
Ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba kutheni kunjalo kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka ukusonjululwa.
Molweni nonke… Ndicela ukuba nindixolele, kuba isigulo sosapho esidibene nam sindihlukanisile nengxaki yehazelnut kwaye khange ndikwazi ukumphendula uMonica .. Ukubuyela ekhaya ndiyabona ukuba ngalo lonke elixesha isiqu asikhange amasebe kodwa, kwisiseko saso ukuba ii-suckers zikhula… .. Ndimele ndicinge ukuba iyaphila! Ukuze ndibenethemba kodwa andiqondi ukuba isiqu asikhuli njani isetyana, ndihlawule xa ndinakho ndingathanda ukukuthumelela isithombe semeko yakhe. Ndiyaphinda, andifuni ukulahlekelwa naye. Ukuba kufuneka ndixobule isiqu somthi okanye ndisuse wonke umhlaba kwisiseko sawo ... okanye ndomilisela umntakwabo ... andazi, ndingathanda ukumbona ephilisa uMonica.Ndicela ukuba undincede.
Molo Lola.
Sukwenza kwanto ngalo mzuzu. Kungumqondiso olungileyo wokuba bathathe amahlumela esiqwini, nokuba basuka kwisiseko; Kungenxa yokuba iingcambu zisaphila.
Linda. Amanzi phakathi kwakanye nakabini ngeveki-ngoku ukuba ekwindla kuyeza, akunamsebenzi ukunkcenkceshela ngakumbi, ngaphandle kokuba uhlala kwindawo eshushu kakhulu neyomileyo.
Ngentwasahlobo ukubona ukuba iqhubeka njani.
Imibuliso, kunye nenkuthazo.
Molo Monica, ndinguJorge, ndingathanda ukuba undinike uluvo lwakho ngalo mbandela ulandelayo. Ndinesiqwenga somhlaba kwindawo yaseMogente, kwiphondo laseValencia. Ndifuna ukwenza uvavanyo, ndiyazi ukuba ndinako ukusilela kumzamo, ndityala malunga namatyholo ayi-100 e-hazelnut kwisakhelo sokutyala malunga ne-5 × 6 yeemitha. ukuququzelela imisebenzi yoomatshini kwixesha elizayo. Umongikazi undinika izityalo ze «negret» ezahluka-hlukeneyo kunye ne-mycorrhized nge-tuber melanosporum. Kule ndawo inentaba (malunga ne-350 ukuya kwi-380 m ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle) ayikulungelanga ukukhula kweetruffles ezimnyama yiyo loo nto ndibhenela kwi-hazelnut endaweni ye-holm oki, kuba ithuba lokuvuna i-hazelnut yinto endiyifumeneyo. inomdla wokwandisa amathuba ezoqoqosho. Nge-hazelnut ndinomhlaba wekalika one-pH engathathi hlangothi (7-7.5). Ubusika abumnene, kwaye amaqondo obushushu afane ukwehla abe ngaphantsi kwe -5ºC, nangona ihlobo linzima ngamaqondo obushushu angadlula kuma-40ºC ngo-Agasti, ngomyinge wemvula yonyaka kule ndawo ingaphantsi kwama-400mm. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kunokuba nokunkcenkceshela kokuchela ukuphakama ukupholisa izityalo ngongcwalazi, ukuncedisa inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela yomphezulu. Ndityale amatyholo amabini emva kwendlu yam egadini, ukuvavanya kwaye ndicinga ukuba asebenza kakuhle kakhulu, bamelane ngokugqibeleleyo nehlobo elinzima, ngamanzi nje ambalwa okanye kathathu ngeveki; Banentyatyambo eninzi, kunye neentyatyambo zeesentimitha ezininzi, kuba ndizityalile kwisiqingatha sesibini sikaFebruwari. Emngxunyeni wokutyala ndibeka umhlaba oxutywe nomgquba wehashe kunye neenkomo (hayi kakhulu) kunye nesixa esihle sekhofi ebendikade ndiyiqokelela kwimivalo. Le yiprojekthi endinayo, kwaye ukuba ndiyabona ukuba iyasebenza kule minyaka ilandelayo, ndingayandisa indawo yokutyala, kodwa mhlawumbi ungandinika ingcebiso okanye uluvo lwakho, nayiphi na igalelo lobuchwephesha elihlala linomdla. Ngaba ucinga ukuba le projekthi inokusebenza phantsi kwezi meko? Umbuliso onothando, uJorge.
Molo Jorge.
Ewe, into yokuqala andiyiyo ingcali 🙂, ke le nto ndiza kukuxelela yona isekwe kulwazi lwam kunye namava e-hazelnut.
Okokuqala, mandikuxelele ukuba ndiseMallorca, ndikwasemazantsi, yeyona ndawo yomileyo kwesi siqithi malunga ne-350mm ngonyaka ehanjiswa ngo-Epreli / Meyi kwaye ukusukela ngoSeptemba ukuya kuNovemba ngaphezulu kwako konke. Amaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwama-40ºC ubuninzi ngo-Agasti / Septemba kunye -1,5ºC ngoFebruwari amaxesha ambalwa.
Umhlaba lilitye lekalika, pH 7, kwaye nangona uchumisiwe ngezichumiso zendalo (ibhanana kunye namaxolo amaqanda, uthuthu lomthi, umgquba wenkukhu, njl. Njl.) Ngumhlaba othambekele kukhukuliseko, njengelanga laseMeditera Sesele sazi kunjani ehlotyeni, ethi, eyongezwe kwimvula esezantsi, iyilimaze. Njengokuba oko kwakungonelanga, iyahambelana, ke ngaphambi kokutyala nantoni na ethe-ethe kufuneka ndenze umngxuma omkhulu kwaye ndixube umhlaba kunye ne-perlite.
Amava am ngalo mthi awalunganga. Ngexesha lonyaka wokuqala ilungile, inamagqabi kwaye ikhula-ngesantya esincinci-, kodwa ukusuka kowesibini isingqisho siyayeka kwaye "iyaxobuka" ngaphambi kwexesha layo. Kulapho ndinokuthi ndikuncame khona ngenxa yokulahleka. Nokuba ibhalisiwe ngokufanelekileyo.
I-Hazelnut ngumthi weziqhamo ofuna ukuchuma, imihlaba evulekileyo, kunye ne-drainage elungileyo. Inqaku elithanda iprojekthi yakho kukuba uchumise umhlaba, ukuze eli candelo lingabinangxaki. Kodwa ... i-pH kunye namaqondo aphezulu obushushu ehlobo anokuyithintela ekubeni ibe nokukhula okuhle. Ngapha koko, ndicinga ukuba ukuze ube nayo kakuhle, oko kukuthi, usempilweni, kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele rhoqo ngeentsuku ezili-15 okanye nge-iron sulfate, ukuze umthi ungabinangxaki.
Kodwa ndiza kukuxelela ukuba izityalo zingakothusa. Indawo nganye ine microclimate yayo, iimeko zayo, kwaye isityalo ngasinye (njengomntu) naso sinokukhetha. Ndineemaphu zaseJapan (ngembiza, ewe) kwaye zinobunewunewu, xa bekungafanelekanga ukuba zibenjalo.
Ke ngaphambi kokuchitha imali kwiikopi ezininzi, ukuba uyafuna ukuzama, bendiya kukuxelela ukuba uthenge enye okanye ezimbini. Kodwa akusekho. Ukuba ubona ukuba bahamba kakuhle, emva koko thenga ngaphezulu. Kodwa ukuba akunjalo, ubuncinci ukulahleka kwemali akuyi kuba kukhulu kangako.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ndikuncedile
A ubingelele.