Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngodidi lwezityalo ezineentlobo ezininzi ezihlala ziluhlaza nezilinyelwe iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Imalunga nohlobo olo iselaginella. Zizityalo ezivela kumahlathi afumileyo akweleenjiko kwaye ziye zahlengahlengiswa ukuze zihlale kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zemo engqongileyo. Zilungele ukusetyenziswa okwahlukileyo esiza kubona kulo lonke eli nqaku.
Kule posi siza kukuxelela malunga neempawu eziphambili zeSelaginella, ukuba ungazinyamekela njani kwaye uzigcine njani.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Luhlobo lwezityalo ezihlala ziluhlaza ezilinywa ukuze zisebenze njengesigqubuthelo sezityalo njengekhaphethi eshinyeneyo enengca eninzi kunye nomdiliya wokuhombisa iindonga. Ekubeni bezalelwa kumahlathi afumileyo, bafuna iimeko ezithile ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, Bakwazile ukuziqhelanisa nokuhlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ixesha elide. Enye yeemeko apho inokuphila khona engahambelaniyo nendalo yayo yeemeko ezibharhileyo.
Bejamelene nale meko imbi ngakumbi kubo, baye bahlengahlengisa ukubulela kumagqabi amancinci anayo aguqulwe sisikipa esityebileyo. Yintoni egqithisile, balungelelanise ukudala utyekelo lokuzivalela njengebhola. Ngokwenza oku banciphisa ubuninzi bomphezulu ovulekileyo ukubila. Ke xa kukho amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokufuma okuncinci, awanaxhala ekuphulukaneni namanzi ngombilo. Xa bebona ukuba iimeko zamkelekile kwakhona, baqhubeka nendlela yendalo yokuthatha amanzi kwindalo kwakhona. Esi senzo sibangela ukuba babizwe ngokuba zizityalo zovuko, kuba ingathi bavuselelekile emva kwexesha elizolileyo.
Ngokwesixa sobukhulu, ezi zityalo zincinci kodwa zinokukhula okuphawulekayo okanye ivolontiya kunokuba uguqe kwaye ume nkqo ngobungakanani obuninzi. Singatsho ukuba, ngaphandle kokuba sisityalo esingenamilinganiselo imangalisayo, sinobuninzi bokubonga ngenxa yokuphindeka kwayo. Akunjalo kuphela ukuba iziqu zinamacandelo amaninzi, kodwa iingcambu zihlanganisa indawo eninzi. Isiqu asinamaqhina kunye nee-internode.
UPhysology
Amagqabi mancinci ngobukhulu kodwa anamaxolo anikezelwe kwisiseko sesihlomelo esincinci ecaleni kweengcambu ezahlukeneyo zesikhondo. UKUYA Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-ligule kwaye kwenzelwe ukufunxa amanzi afakwe emagqabini. Emva kokuphuhla kwimimandla efudumeleyo yetropiki, bafumene obu buchule bokufumana amanzi ngomswakama wendalo esingqongileyo. Masingakulibali ukuba kwezi meko, kwaye ukufuma kuphakame kakhulu unyaka wonke. I-ligule iqhotyoshelwe kwinkqubo yeenqanawa kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwesityalo. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba amanzi athunyelwe ngokukhawuleza kwinkqubo ephakathi.
Esi sityalo asivelisi iintyatyambo kodwa sine sporophyte. Oko kukuthi, amagqabi amancinci avelisa i-sporangia, eyamalungu enzelwe ukuvelisa kwakhona. Yinto efanayo naleyo yeeferns.
Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zohlobo lweSelaginella
USelaginella Lepidophylla
Esi sityalo sixhaphake kakhulu kuMbindi nakuMzantsi Merika. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili kukwenza uhlobo lwe rosetta enamagqabi aluhlaza abonakala ngathi ziifern. Zijika zibe bomvu njengoko zikhula kwaye zifikelela ebudaleni. Inento eyodwa kwaye leyo kukuba, xa imozulu yomile ngokukodwa, bavala njengebhola, njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, ukuze ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa nezi meko zamanzi ziphantsi. Xa iimeko ziba zilunge ngakumbi kwakhona, babuyela kwindawo yabo yesiqhelo.
Selaginella kraussiana
Sisityalo esinyukayo esivela eMpuma Afrika. Eyona nto iphambili kuyo kukuba ikhula ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Iziqu zayo zivelisa iingcambu ezininzi ezithi zikhule kwaye zenze uhlobo lomqamelo otyebileyo kumagqabi. Sisityalo esinyinyithekileyo kwaye kukho iintlobo ezithile ezibonakalayo zemibala yazo yegolide etyheli.
Selaginella martensii
Esi sityalo sizalelwa eMexico kwaye lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo nolwaziwayo kwihlabathi. Ayilulo uhlobo olunyukayo kodwa ineziqu ezininzi ezibilisiweyo ezithe thande ngaphandle. Amagqabi abanzi kwaye abukhali ngakumbi kunezinye iintlobo kwaye anombala oluhlaza webitumen.
Ukulima kunye nokunakekelwa kweSelaginella
Esi sityalo asilohlobo olufuna ukhathalelo olunzima kakhulu. Into ekufuneka siyithathele ingqalelo yindawo. Esi sityalo sikhetha indawo ezinomthunzi kwaye asithethi kufuneka sinike ilanga ngqo. Kungcono ukuyibeka kwindawo apho ikude kuyilo kwaye ineqondo lobushushu elizinzileyo unyaka wonke. Amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo ngalawo aphakathi kwe-16 ukuya kwi-18 degrees.
Ngokumalunga nokunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma, ixesha lentwasahlobo nehlobo kulapho ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kuye rhoqo. Kuya kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba esi sityalo sizalelwa kwindawo ezifumileyo. Ke ngoko, yinto yabo ukuzama ukuba isityalo sinemiqathango efana naleyo yendalo. Ngokufanelekileyo, kwi-substrate okanye uhlala ufumile unyaka wonke kodwa ungafakwa. Umhlaba kufuneka ube nemithombo elungileyo yokuhambisa amanzi ukuze amadama angaveli ngenkcenkceshelo olugqithisileyo.
Kuyinyani ukuba esi sityalo Ifuna ukunkcenkceshela okuphezulu kancinci kunesiqhelo kuba ifuna ukufuma okuphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, oku akubonisi ukuba umhlaba kufuneka ukhukuliswe ngamanzi. Sinokongeza isitshizi ukuze amagqabi abe manzi ngalo lonke ixesha. Ngombulelo kwisakhono sezityalo sokufunxa amanzi ngamagqabi aso, zinokuwasebenzisa ngokugqibeleleyo amanzi okunkcenkceshela aphoswe ngaphezulu kweengcambu. Ngokukodwa kufuneka sikwenze oku ukuba amaqondo obushushu anyuka ngaphezulu kweedigri ezingama-20 rhoqo.
Ukuba uyafuna, ungahlawula ngexesha lasentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo sinezondlo ezaneleyo ukumelana namaxesha afudumeleyo. Masingakulibali ukuba esi sityalo sifumene uhlobo lwendalo kunye namaqhinga ngamaxesha ashushu.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi ngeSelaginella.