Nini kunye nendlela yokufakela isityalo seavokhado

Iavokhado ithatha iminyaka embalwa ukuthwala isiqhamo

Iavokhado ngumthi wesiqhamo esihlala siluhlaza ekunokuqokelelwa kuwo iziqhamo ezininzi. Okwenzekayo kukuba kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukuqalisa ukuzivelisa, yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukuba kuhlonyelwe. Ngale ndlela, ixesha lokulinda ukukwazi ukunambitha lincinci, kwinqanaba lokuba, ukuba lenziwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye umthi ukhathalelwe kakuhle, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba kwiminyaka emibini, okanye nangaphantsi kancinci, kuya kuba njalo. sele iqalile ukuthwala isiqhamo.

Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukwazi xa kuhlonyelwa iavokhado kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, indlela yokwenza. Kwaye kukuba ukuba asinalo olo lwazi, kunokuba nzima ukulwenza ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Iiavokhado zimiliselwa nini?

I-avocado efumanekileyo ifuna ukhathalelo olukhulu

Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / Ihlathi kunye noKim Starr

Elona xesha lilungileyo lokumiliselwa kwethu aguacate es Ngexesha lasentwasahlobo. Ngoba? Kuba ngale ndlela i-graft iya kuba neenyanga ezininzi ezizayo ukukhula ngaphandle kweengxaki. Kodwa lumka: awunakwenza enye into emva kobusika, kodwa kufuneka ulinde elona qondo lobushushu lisezantsi libe yi-15ºC okanye ngaphezulu; oko kukuthi, kufuneka siyixube xa iqala ukufudumala emini (nangona iphola kancinci ebusuku, ayiyi kubuhlungu nje, kwaye ndiyagxininisa, akukho qabaka).

Enyanisweni, Kucetyiswa ukuba amaqondo obushushu abe phakathi kwe-15ºC ubuncinane kunye ne-30ºC ubuninzi; Ngoku, iingcebiso kufuneka zithathwe nge "tweezers", kuba ewe, zithethwa ngesizathu esihle kwaye akukho nto yimbi ngaphandle kokunceda ukuba i-graft iqhubeke, kodwa ukuba ehlotyeni sinobuninzi be-35ºC iintsuku ezimbalwa, Asizukuphulukana nayo kuba kucingelwa ukuba ngelo xesha izakuba sele ikhula ixeshana.

Indlela yokudibanisa iavokhado?

Into yokuqala endiza kuyenza kukunicacisela ukuba yintoni na igrafti nokuba yintoni ingcambu yengcambu, emva koko sibone ukuba iavokhado ifakwa njani.

  • El Ukumiliselwa kukusikwa kwesityalo, ekumele ukuba, ubuncinane, sibe kohlobo olufanayo nesinye eso sityalo.Umzekelo, singahlohla umthi wecherry kumthi wom-amangile, kuba zombini zihlobene ngokwemfuza (yiyo loo nto izazi ngezityalo. bazibeke kuhlelo lwe Prunus), kodwa bekungenakwenzeka ukuba similisele umthi wamapere kumthi weeorenji, ngokomzekelo, ekubeni zingahambelani.
  • El isiphunzi Yiyo, njengoko igama layo libonisa, isityalo apho i-graft iya kuqaliswa. Kubalulekile ukuba isempilweni, kuba kungenjalo inokudlulisela isifo ebenaso ngelo xesha kwi-graft, yonakalise.

Yintoni ekufuneka igcinwe engqondweni ngaphambi kokufakwa? Izinto ezimbini. Eyokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu yileyo izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lenkqubo kufuneka zicoceke kwaye zibulawe iintsholongwane, kungenjalo besiya kuba semngciphekweni wokuba i-graft kunye/okanye isityalo esiza kusibeka kuso singaphela sigula. Ngesi sizathu, sincoma ukuwahlamba ngamanzi kunye nesepha encinci yokuhlamba izitya ngaphambi nasemva kokuzisebenzisa.

Kwaye okwesibini yileyo asinako ukumilisela imithi emincinane kakhulu. Ukuze kubekho amathuba amancinane okuphumelela, kubalulekile ukuba isiqu okanye isebe lesityalo esiza kusebenza njengengcambu kufuneka libe nonyaka omnye ubuncinane kwaye libe malunga neesentimitha ezimbini ubukhulu.

Inyathelo ngesinyathelo

Imbonakalo yobume bomdiza

Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/Sorruno // Ubume obucocekileyo.

Ihlonyelwa njani iavokhado? Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ulandele la manyathelo aboniswe ngezantsi:

  1. Eyokuqala yile lungisa isiphunzi. Yenza i-horizontal cut kwisebe okanye i-trunk apho ufuna ukwazisa i-graft. Uze wenze enye inqumle, elicala elisecaleni nelimile, kwisebe okanye isiqu.
  2. Ngoku sike ukusika kwenye iavokhado enobuncinci be-4 buds. Amathupha ngamagaqa amancinci okanye amaqhuma apho amagqabi ahluma. Oku kufuneka kulinganiswe malunga neesentimitha ezingama-30 ubude. Ngemela yokuxhunyelelwa, njenge Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo, unqumle isiseko unike i-wedge shape, njengoko oku kuya kungena kwi-rootstock.
  3. Emva faka i-graft kwi-rootstock, kwaye uzidibanise ngeteyiphu encamathelayo njenge yi.
  4. Ukuze yonke into ihambe kakuhle, into eyenziwa ngoku gubungela i-graft ngengxowa yeplastiki ebonakalayo. Ngale ndlela, umswakama ugcinwa kwaye, ngoko ke, kunzima kakhulu ukuba ukoma. Kodwa ewe, eminye imingxunya emincinci kufuneka yenziwe-ngencam yesikere umzekelo-ukuze umoya uhlaziywe.

Ngaba ukufakwa kweavokhado kwilaurel kuyasebenza?

Ukusuka kwinto endiyiqondayo, kwaye nangona bobabini bengabentsapho enye yezityalo (Lauraceae), akunakwenzeka. Ilaurel (laurus nobilis) yohluke kakhulu kwiavokhado (IPersea americana). Kungenxa yoko le nto bangamalungu odidi olwahlukileyo: iLaurus kwelinye icala, kunye nePersea kwelinye.

Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kakhulu ukwenza ukuba i-graft ihambe kakuhle nokuba ikwi-genus efanayo; Khawucinge ukuba ngaba ngabesini esahlukileyo… Ixabisa ngaphezulu.

Ngaba unesibindi sokumilisela iavokhado?


Izimvo ezi-24, shiya ezakho

Shiya uluvo lwakho

Idilesi yakho ye email aziyi kupapashwa. ezidingekayo ziphawulwe *

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  1. Uxanduva lwedatha: UMiguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Injongo yedatha: Ulawulo lwe-SPAM, ulawulo lwezimvo.
  3. Umthetho: Imvume yakho
  4. Unxibelelwano lwedatha: Idatha ayizukuhanjiswa kubantu besithathu ngaphandle koxanduva lomthetho.
  5. Ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha
  6. Amalungelo: Ngalo naliphi na ixesha unganciphisa, uphinde uphinde ucime ulwazi lwakho.

  1.   Hugo sitsho

    Molweni lurdes

    Enkosi ngenqaku elihle kangaka. Umbuzo, zeziphi iimpawu ekufanele ukuba zifakwe? Ifumaneka phi? Yeyiphi iavokhado ekufuneka ivele kuyo, enye ikwiminyaka efanayo?

    Ngombulelo kunye nokubhekiselele

  2.   UDaniel Tallada sitsho

    Molo, ndinegrafti yeavokhado, ihamba kakuhle, kodwa ngoku amasebe ayakhula kumboko omkhulu, ngaba kufuneka ndiwasike?

    1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

      Hola Daniyeli.
      Ewe zi-hickeys ezihambisa amandla kwi-grafti.
      A ubingelele.

  3.   U-bernardo reyes valeriano sitsho

    molo lurdes igama lam ngu-bernardo R. Ndinqwenela ukuba ungandikhokhela ekubeni ndifake imithi ye-avocado eneminyaka emi-2 ubudala, kuba njengawe ndiyathanda ukulima izityalo, kodwa andazi yonke into malunga neavokhado, ndihlala kwisona esiphakathi kwiimitha ezingama-2300 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle, nangona kunjalo ayiqhelekanga kakhulu apha imithi yam emincinci yomelele kakhulu ndinezityalo ezili-9 ndingayivuyela kakhulu into yokuba ungandinceda mhlawumbi singatshintshana ngeendlela ezithile ngokubhekisele kwimveliso yezinto eziphilayo ndibulela kwangaphambili… ..- ngononophelo bernardo RV

  4.   Felix sitsho

    Molo uLurdes. Ndinombuzo kuwe. Ngaba uyazi ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba kusetyenziswe iindidi ezahlukeneyo ekumiliselweni kwesipikha? Oko kukuthi: ngaba ipateni okanye unyawo kufuneka lube ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunaleyo yespiki okanye yokusika? Enkosi. Ndizamile amaxesha amaninzi kwaye akukho namnye ophumeleleyo. Uncwadi alucaci ngalo mbandela! Ndilinde impendulo yakho. Ihagi.

  5.   fermin merayo perez sitsho

    Molo, ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba ungayifaka nini i-avokhado ngegrafti ye-pua. Enkosi kakhulu.

    1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

      Molo uFermín.
      Elona xesha lilungileyo lisentwasahlobo 🙂
      Ukubulisa

  6.   UGustavo Rosanova sitsho

    Molo Lurde: inkcazo yakho intle kakhulu! Ndinezityalo ezincinci zesiCreole kunye neHass ezenziwe ngembewu. Ngaba kufanelekile kum ukumilisela i-Hass buds kwiinyawo zecreole kunye / okanye ngokuchaseneyo? Enkosi kwangaphambili kunye nemibuliso.

    1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

      Molo uGustavo.

      Kuxhomekeka ekubeni zinkulu kangakanani. Ukuba zizikolo, kufuneka ulinde ukuba zikhule 🙂. Ubuncinane, i-trunk kufuneka ibe yi-1 cm ubukhulu (ngcono ukuba yi-1,5-2cm) ukwenzela ukuba ukudibanisa kwenziwe kakuhle.

      Nje ukuba babubungakanani, ungabamilisela ngendlela othanda ngayo, nangona sicebisa ukuba iHass kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zesiCreole ukuqinisekisa ukuba incasa izakulunga.

      Ngoku, enye inketho kukuzivumela zikhule ngokwendalo, kwaye zihlala zinazo zisondelelene; ke xa zidubula, zisasaza umvumvuzeli wezinambuzane (ezinjengeenyosi), okanye wena ngebrashi encinci, unakho / unokwenza ipoleni kuzo zonke iintyatyambo, kwaye ke, uya kufumana iavokhado.

      Nibuliso!

  7.   daniel sitsho

    umbuzo wam ndinomthi weavokhado, imitha enye. iphelele ekwakhiweni kwayo.

    loluphi uhlobo lokumilisela, ekucetyiswa ukuba lwenziwe. entwasahlobo. kwaye yintoni endinayo ukuze ndimilisele,

    Ndiyabuza ukuba kutheni ndiyaqala ukwenza lo msebenzi.

    Ndinemithi yeziqhamo efana neorenji, itangerine. isihlanu. amakhiwane eeperile.

    isiqhushumbisi. loquats. yonke inemithi yeziqhamo. kunye neminquma kodwa esi ayisosiqingatha sesiqhamo kunye nangaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5. Yiyo loo nto ndicela amawaka ombulelo

    1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

      Hola Daniyeli.

      I-avokhado iyamiliselwa kwenye i-avokhado umzekelo, kodwa oku kufuneka kubenomboko okanye isebe eli-2 cm ubuncinci ubukhulu, kungenjalo ayizukuyibamba.

      Okona kulungelelaniswa kufanelekileyo kukuqhekezwa komsantsa. Apha ichaza indlela yokwenza.

      Ukubulisa

  8.   ULuis Antonio sitsho

    Ungathini ngenqaku elilunge kakhulu Umbuzo wam uyakuba ngowuphi umhla wokugqibela wokumiliselwa eMexico

    1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

      Molo uLuis Antonio.

      Kumiliselwe entwasahlobo, ukuya embindini wexesha.

      Ukubulisa

  9.   Ifreddy villarroel sitsho

    Ndinesityalo seminyaka emibini se-choquet se-avocado kwaye asikavelisi ziqhamo. ndingathatha ukusikwa ndikumilisele kulomtshangatshangiso?

    1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

      Molo Freddy.

      Ukuze iavokhado ivelise iziqhamo, kufuneka, inene, okanye kufuneka kubekho iindawo ezithile zamadoda nabasetyhini kwindawo enye ukuze kwenzeke umungu.

      Ngokumalunga nombuzo wakho, ewe, ungasebenzisa isebe ukulufaka komnye umthi, kodwa ndincoma ukulinda omnye unyaka ukuze iavokhado yakho ikhule ngakumbi kwaye yomelele.

      Ukubulisa

  10.   david sitsho

    Molo ulungile, ndinayo i-avocado emiliselwe ye-hass ezahlukeneyo zeminyaka emi-2 nesiqingatha. Ndiyaqonda ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba njalo
    Thabatha enye i-avokhado ukuze kwenzeke ipollination. Kulungile? Okanye ukumiliselwa kunamathuba okuzipolisa ngokwakho.
    Gracias

    1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

      Molo david.

      Ukuba ithe yamiliselwa, awudingi ii-avokhado ezimbini
      Kodwa ukuba ubunakho ngaphandle kokumilisela, kuyakufuneka ukuba babe babini, omnye obhinqileyo kunye nenye eyindoda, ukuze bavelise iziqhamo.

      Ukubulisa

      1.    david sitsho

        Enkosi ngokuphendula ngokukhawuleza. Kuphakama omnye umbuzo. Kwi-avocado yam emiliselweyo ihlumelo liphuma nje kwindawo yomiliselwa kodwa hayi kwingcambu kwisebe lomiliselwa. Ngaba kufuneka ndikhule ihlumelo?

        Enkosi ukubulisa

        1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

          Molo david.

          Onke amahlumelo aphuma kwipateni (isiqu esisezantsi, esineengcambu) kufuneka asuswe, kuba ithintela ukufakelwa (isiqu ngaphandle kwengcambu esifakwe kwisebe okanye kwisiqu sepateni) ukuba sikhule 🙂

          Imibuliso kunye nombulelo kuwe ngokusilandela!

  11.   Jose Luis sitsho

    Loluphi uhlobo lokukhetha oza kulusebenzisa, ithenda okanye ukuvuthwa, ndinga nceda ndigcine?

  12.   UAna Becerra sitsho

    Mvulo Mvulo ovela eColombia ndineentonga zeavokhado kwaye ndifuna ukuzidibanisa, ukwenzela ukuba zivelise ngexesha elincinci, uyandibuza, ingaba ndizifumana phi iigrafti? Enkosi

    1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

      Molo Ana,

      Ngaba unezityalo ezineengcambu, okanye amasebe? Ukuba yeyokuqala, ukufumana iigrafti, oko kukuthi, amasebe ezinye ii-avocado zokumilisela, kuya kufuneka uthenge enye iavokhado.

      Ukuba unamasebe, kuya kufuneka ufumane isityalo, kuba iingcambu azithengiswa zinjalo.

      Ukubulisa

  13.   Amelia sitsho

    Molo, andinalwazi malunga nezitya (iiavokhado), bendineenyanga ezi-6 ezidlulileyo, andazi nokuba ngowasetyhini okanye oyindoda.
    Ndingamilisela i-avokhado efanayo

    1.    UMonica Sanchez sitsho

      Hi Amelia.

      Ayikhuthazwa. Kuqala kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba yeyiphi eyindoda kwaye yeyiphi ibhinqa, ukuba bobabini ngabesini esahlukileyo. Kwaye ke kukuba xa bemiliselwe kwaye emva koko bavela ukuba zombini zivela ngokufanayo, ngekhe zisebenzise nto.

      Xa ziqhakaza, ukuba uyafuna, sithumele ezinye iifoto kwaye siza kukuxelela 🙂

      Nibuliso!