Ubomvu obomvu obomvu (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus)

Nokuba unomthi wesundu egadini yakho okanye ukuba ungumqokeleli wezi zityalo kwaye uhlala kwindawo enemozulu efudumeleyo okanye enemozulu e-Old Continent, kubalulekile ukuba wazi yonke into ngayo. Ubomvu obomvu, Esinye sezona zinambuzane eziyingozi esinazo namhlanje.

Kwisigaba sayo sokukhula ayinabungozi, kodwa kuxa iqandusela eqandeni kwaye iqala ukondla ingaphakathi lomthi wesundu. Ngapha koko, ngaphandle kokuba uphathwe kwangoko, ngekhe aphile. Ungayiphepha njani?

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

I-protagonist yethu yi-weevil (uhlobo loqongqothwane, kodwa ngomzimba omde kwaye onqabileyo) oyinzalelwane yeTropiki yeAsia, ogama lakhe lezesayensi I-Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. Ilinganisa ngeesentimitha ezimbini ukuya kwezintlanu kwaye ibomvu, into eyenza ingacacanga.

Umjikelo wobomi bayo uhlala ukusuka kwi-130 ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-200, kwaye imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Isithuba: emva kokukhwelana, imazi ibeka amaqanda aphakathi kwama-300 nama-500 kwimithi yesundu eyahlukeneyo, ithathe ithuba ngamanxeba kunye / okanye ukuqhekeka kwezi zityalo. Ukubekwa kwenziwa kwiziphelo zesiphelo kunye nakwizicubu ezithambileyo zeziseko zamagqabi.
• Izibungu: Ngokukhawuleza xa zizalwa, zimthubi mhlophe kwaye azinamilenze. Entloko zinemihlathi ethe tyaba, apho banokugrumba khona iigalari ukusuka kwii-axils zamagqabi ukuya kwisithsaba, ngaphakathi apho baya kuzondla ngokukhohlakeleyo.
  Eli nqanaba lihlala malunga neentsuku ezingama-95-96. Xa ifika, ukukhula kwayo kwesibungu kugqityiwe, bakha i-cocoon i-4 ukuya kwi-6 cm ubude kunye nemicu ethathwe kumthi wesundu.
• Pupa: umbala obomvu-mdaka ngombala, kunye neefom ngaphakathi kwecocoon. Ngeli nqanaba isinambuzane sihlangabezana nesimo esiguqukayo, esinokuhlala phakathi kweentsuku ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-30.
• Indoda enkulu: xa ifikelela kweli nqanaba, ukuba kusekho izinto zokutyala ezinokuthi zondle ngazo, izakuhlala ezinye iintsuku ezimbalwa kumthi wesundu, ukuba akunjalo, izakuya kwelinye, itsalwe livumba leminye yemithi yesundu eyonzakeleyo ukukhangela iqabane oza kutshata nalo kwaye uqale umjikelo.

Uzahlula njani inkunzi ebomvu ebomvu kumfazi?

Ziyafana kakhulu, kodwa inkunzi incinci ngokomlinganiselo kwaye inesiqwenga seenwele emlonyeni wayo.

Yaziswa phi?

Ubomvu obomvu iye yasasazeka eAfrika, eYurophu naseMelika. Kwimeko yeSpain, yabonakala okokuqala e-Almuñécar ngo-1993. Ukusuka apho, yasasazeka yaya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zempuma yeAndalusia, iMurcia kunye noLuntu lwaseValencian ngemithi yesundu eyayithengwe e-Egypt.

Ngo-2005 wafika kumasango esundu iElche, eyona inkulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Kwaye kwiziQithi zeCanary wayesoyikisa kakhulu iintlobo zemveli: IPhoenix canariensis. Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva, ngo-2011, yafikelela eJerez de la Frontera, apho ichaphazele ngaphezu kwama-200. Kwi-2014 wafika eBadajoz, kwingingqi yeCatalan yaseRibera de Ebro, naseMalaga Park, apho wabulala khona amasundu emithi yesundu eli-16.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku (i-2019) isasazeke phantse kuyo yonke iIberia (ngaphandle kweyona ndawo ibanda kakhulu), nakwiiCanary naseBalearic archipelagos, nangona ukusasazeka kwayo kulawulwa.

Zithini iimpawu zomonakalo owenzayo?

Iimpawu kunye nomonakalo oveliswe kukuhlaselwa kwe-weevil ebomvu ekuqaleni akubonakali kakhulu; nangaphezulu, into eqhelekileyo kukuba bacinga ukuba badlule kwixesha elibi (ukubanda okanye ukunxanwa umzekelo), okanye nokuba basempilweni. Kodwa Kufuneka ujonge, uyigcine yonke imihla, kuba xa imiqondiso icace gca, ubomi besityalo buxhonywe ngentambo:

• Iliso lomthi wesundu liba buthathaka.
• Iphepha eliphakathi, elisebenza njengesikhokelo, lifudukile.
• Ubukho bemingxunya emincinci -iigalari- kwindawo yokufakwa kwamagqabi.
• Amagqabi aphilileyo ajinga phantsi, ngokungathi kukho umntu osikiweyo ngesiqingatha.
• Ukubonakala kweBuds, nokuba kukwisityalo ngokwaso okanye kukujikeleza.
• Ukudubula kunye nokuqhakaza ngexesha elingalunganga (ngamanye amaxesha, xa isityalo sibi kakhulu, sisebenzisa amandla aso okugqibela ekudaleni inzala).

Yeyiphi imithi yesundu ehlaselwa sisundu ebomvu?

Kubo bonke ngokubanzi, kodwa inomdla wabo uhlobo Phoenix ngakumbi i IPhoenix canariensis. Kodwa ukuba akukho, iya kuya IWashingtonia, IBrahea ... Umhlobo usweleke ngePritchardia enkulu evela kwesi sinambuzane, ke musa ukuvumela unogada.

Ukuba sithetha ngobungakanani, zihlala zizityalo kunye nesiqu somntu omdala okanye semi-yabantu abadala kunye nobukhulu obungaphezulu kwe-2cm; Kunqabile, kunqabile kakhulu kubafazi abancinci abanomboko oluhlaza ukubahlasela, nangona benolunye utshaba olunokubakho paysandisia).

Inyangwa njani?

Unyango lwasekhaya ngokuchasene nobomvu obomvu

Olona hlobo lusebenzayo nolusebenzayo luthintelo. Zininzi iindlela zokwenza:

• Musa ukuthena entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni (Ndingade ndikuxelele ukuba ayingombono ulungileyo ukuyenza kude kube phakathi / ekwindla emva kwexesha ukuba uhlala kwindawo enemozulu epholileyo, efana neMeditera). Ukongeza, kuphela ngamagqabi omileyo ekufuneka esusiwe; ukuba uyazisusa neziluhlaza, uzenza buthathaka.
• Thatha umbhobho okanye ishawa kwaye uhambise amanzi kwiso lomthi wesundu: Oku kunokwenziwa kuphela entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, kwaye kuphela ukuba isampuli isencinci. Kodwa yindlela yokuntywila imibungu enokuthi iqandusele.
• Iimveliso zeOrganicNgethamsanqa, kukho amayeza endalo nangaphezulu anceda ekuthinteleni, afana nefungi yomthi wesundu okanye i-endotherapy nge-emamectin. Unolwazi ngakumbi ngayo esi sixhobo.
• Thenga iisampuli ezisempilweni: kunjalo. Kwanele ukuba umntu abe nokhula ukuze abanye bagule nabo, kwaye bakhawuleze.
• Uqwalasele ngononophelo izityalo ezithengwe nge-Intanethi: ukuba ungomnye wabo bathenga kwiivenkile ezikwi-Intanethi okanye abantu, xa uzifumana, zivavanye ngononophelo. Into eqhelekileyo kukuba ziingcali kwaye akukho zinambuzane, kodwa kwimeko.

Unyango ngokuchasene nobovu obomvu

Nje ukuba sele zibonakalisile iimpawu, okanye ukuba umthi wesundu ogulayo ziimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka ekhaya kwaye awufuni kubeka umngcipheko kuwo, into ekufuneka uyenzile ukuyiphatha ngeyeza lokubulala izinambuzane. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ezona zinto zisebenzayo ziye zavela kwiChlorpyrifos kunye neImidacloprid, kodwa njengakwimeko ezininzi ngoku kufanelekile ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokuphatha imveliso yezempilo, asizukuhlala sifumana ezi mveliso zinikwa umntu ngamnye.

Kodwa kukho ezinye, ezinje ngale zohlobo Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo. Yibhotile eyi-40ml, enomgaqo wayo osebenzayo yi-50% Fosmet, kwaye ixabisa i-13,16 ye-euro. Ukongeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokulandela imiyalelo kwileta, kwaye ngaphambili ubeke iiglavu zerabha.

Ixesha lonyango kufuneka lihlale kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ekuqaleni kokuwa.

Ngaba i-weevil ebomvu iyaluma abantu?

Hayi. Isinambuzane ngokwaso asinabungozi ebantwini okanye ezilwanyaneni. Into ekufuneka siyilumkele kukuba, umzekelo, sidlula ngakwisundu eligulayo, kuba kukho umngcipheko wokuba amagqabi awele emntwini kwaye, ngokucacileyo, ingayingxaki.

Ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyayazi indlela yokuthintela imithi yesundu ekuchaphazelweni sesi sifo.