El I-Pleurotus eryngii okanye i-mushroom ye-thistle njengoko kwaziwa njalo Kunye ne-chanterelles eyaziwayo, enye yeentlobo zamakhowa ezinokudliwa ezikhoyo eSierra Espuña.
Bahlala kusapho lwePleurotaceae kwaye ngokubanzi ihlumela lokuqala livela ngexesha lentwasahlobo nasekwindla ziyavela kwakhona emva kokuphela kweemvula. Zifumaneka kwiindawo ezivulekileyo ngakumbi apho kukho intyatyambo enkulu, kuba la makhowa ahlala ekhula kwiingcambu kwimeko yokubola kwameva.
Iimpawu zePleurotus eryngii
Amakhowa anameva likhowa elaziwayo nelithandwayo ngakumbi incasa yayo enkulu, phakathi kweempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo, sinokukhankanya oku kulandelayo:
Olu hlobo lwamakhowa zihlala zingenayo iminqwazi emikhulu kakhulu, kwinqanaba labo lokuba ngabantu abadala, banokulinganisa phakathi kweesentimitha ezintlanu kunye neshumi ububanzi.
Zijikeleze kancinci, nangona kunjalo kuphela kwinqanaba labo lokuqala lobomi, emva koku qala ukuthatha imilo ethambileyo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bahlala befumana uxinzelelo kancinci kwindawo yabo engundoqo. Ngokubhekisele kumbala wawo, wahlukene kakhulu, kukho iisampulu zala makhowa anombala omdaka ngebala ngelixa kwezinye i-hue inokuba sisikhanyisi esikhanyayo.
Umphezulu wezi amakhowa atyayo Ihlala ijijekile xa ingekakhuli, emva koku iba buthe tyaba, imiphetho yayo inembonakalo esongwayo ngokukodwa kumakhowa amancinci, nangona kunjalo kwaye xa ifikelela ekuvuthweni ngokupheleleyo iba yi-wavy ngakumbi sele ijikile ngakumbi.
Olunye lweempawu ezibalaseleyo zala makhowa avela kusapho lwePleurotaceae yile Banamacwecwe okuzikhusela.
Ezi ziqinile kwaye kwangaxeshanye zinamashiti amancinci afakiweyo. Umbala wala maphepha ahlala ahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba apho amakhowa ekulo.Kubantu abancinci, i-tonality ilula kakhulu, ngelixa kubantu abadala iba ngwevu kancinci okanye bafumana umbala ocher okhanyayo.
Ngokubhekisele kumboko wayo, umfutshane kakhulu kwaye uyakhanya ngebala, xa sebekhulile baba mnyama kancinci. Zingasoloko zifumaneka zibambekile ngaphezu kweengcambu zenkunzane.
Eyona nto inomtsalane kolu hlobo lwamakhowa yinyama yayo. Oku kuhlala kunefayile ye- yomelele, iyahambelana kwaye kwangaxeshanye imbonakalo eshinyeneyo ngombala omhlophe oqaqambileyo. IPleurotus eryngii inevumba elipholileyo, elingenakufunyanwa ngelixa incasa yabo igqibelele kwaye imnandi.
Inkcubeko ye-Pleurotus eryngii
Ukuhlwayelwa kwala makhowa akufuneki naluphi na uhlobo lobunzima, ngokuchaseneyo, ukulima kwayo kuhlala kungumsebenzi olula ukugcina olona nyango lusezantsi.
Amakhowa anameva Zijongwa njengokutya okuluncuthu kwihlabathi lamakhowa Oku kungenxa yencasa yayo emnandi kunye nokukhululeka apho inokuqhuba khona naluphi na uhlobo lokulungiselela ukupheka.
Ngokubanzi, inyama yala makhowa amnandi ine-elastic kwaye kwangaxeshanye imbonakalo ibuthathaka, ene Iphunga elimnandi kunye nencasa emnandi.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhulisa amakhowa anameva egadini yethu kukufumana kwi Ivenkile ekhethekileyo lolu hlobo lwezityalo, ezinye iibhali esele zichithwe ngaphambili, oku kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuqhambuka kokuqala kwamakhowa.
Emva kokuthenga iibhola, Ukutyala la makhowa kulula kakhulu. Into yokuqala esiza kuyenza kukubeka imbumbulu echazwe kwangaphambili ngaphakathi kwebhokisi yekhadibhodi, ikwasebenzisa isiciko seplastikhi apho siza kuyibeka khona, ukuze ingabonakali elangeni.
Kwelinye icala, ukufuma kokusingqongileyo kufuneka ngokukhethekileyo kube malunga ne-80%, Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuncinci bungena moya. Kule nto, sinokwenza imingxunya encinci ebhokisini.
Iqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo alifanelanga ukudlula kwi-18 ° C kwaye xa kufuneka unkcenkceshele, asizukuyenza ngokuthe ngqo kodwa siza kuyitshiza imbumbulu kuphela kwiindawo ezingenamakhowa.
Ngenxa yeempawu zayo, ukufuma kufuneka kusasazwe ngokupheleleyo kuyo. Phambi kokuqala ukunkcenkceshela, kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi emvula, kwaye ukuba asinayo, sisebenzisa amanzi aqhelekileyo kodwa awanayo nayiphi na iklorini.
Kwimeko apho siza kuba namakhowa, asizukubasika, into esiza kuyenza kukubasusaNjengoko sijika iqela kwaye ngaphambi kokuba silisebenzise kufuneka sizihlambe ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye sizisike ngendlela esithanda ngayo.
Emva kokuba ibhulethi yenkcubeko iphelile, Singayisebenzisa le nto njengokurisayikilisha yegadi yethu kuba yenziwe ngezinto eziphilayo. Ukukhula kwamakhowa kulula kakhulu ukwenza kwaye kukwabiza kakhulu.
Ukhathalelo lwePleurotus eryngii
Iimeko zokusingqongileyo zibalulekile kwimveliso yamakhowa anameva, kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba ukuba siyafuna fumana amakhowa asempilweni kwaye amnandi kufuneka senze oku kulandelayo:
- Ukufuma akufuneki kubengaphantsi kwe-75% okanye ngaphezulu kwe-90%.
- La ubushushu obufanelekileyo kufuneka bube phakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-18 ° CKubalulekile ukuba sikhumbule ukuba utshintsho olunobundlobongela kumaqondo obushushu lunokonakalisa amakhowa.
- Indawo apho sibeka khona la makhowa kufuneka ibe nomoya.
- Elona xesha lilungileyo lokulima olu hlobo lwothango liphakathi kwenyanga ye-Okthobha neye-Matshi.
- Ukuveza ukukhanya emini akufuneki kudlule iiyure ezi-4.
- Kubalulekile ukuba i-substrate esiyisebenzisayo ngaphambili ibiyintsholongwane, oku kukuthintela amakhowa ethu ekubeni angangcoliswa ziintsholongwane ezithile.
- Isivuno senziwa ngaphambi kokuba iminqwazi yamakhowa anameva aqale ukuthatha uxinzelelo.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
La makhowa kwaye nangona kulula ukukhula, inokuthi ihlaselwe zezinye izinambuzane kunye nezifo ezithile, ke kufuneka ulumke kakhulu.