Imithi yesundu luhlobo lwesityalo esisetyenziselwa ukuhombisa iigadi kunye neepaki, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nakwiigadi zeziqhamo. Kwaye kukuba nangona kukho ezimbalwa ezivelisa iziqhamo ezidliwayo, zonke zinexabiso lokuhlobisa, ngokombono wam, liphezulu kakhulu. Nokuba ukhetha luphi uhlobo, naye uyakufezekisa oko tropicalize igadi yakho okanye ikhaya lakho, ngenxa yokuba iziqu zayo ezibhityileyo kunye namagqabi amakhulu ahluke kakhulu kwezona zityalo zixhaphakileyo.
Ngoku, usenokuzibuza ukuba imithi yesundu ithwala ntoni, inaliphi igama, okanye ukuba kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo. So if uyafuna ukwazi hlala nam ngoba ndizokuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyazi.
Zeziphi iziqhamo zemithi yesundu?
Umthi wesundu sisityalo esithi, xa siqala ukuvelisa isiqhamo, sibe neziqhamo ezininzi. Ezi zithabatha ukususela kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukusa kwiinyanga eziliqela ukuze zivuthwe, kuxhomekeka ngakumbi kwimozulu nobukhulu eziya kuba nazo. Ngaloo ndlela, imithi yesundu (IPhoenix dactylifera) okanye iicanaries (IPhoenix canariensis) kuthatha ixesha elincinci kakhulu: ziyaqhakaza entwasahlobo kwaye ehlotyeni imbewu iqala ukuhla; kodwa umzekelo ikhokhonathi (ICocos nucifera) kuthatha ixesha elide kakhulu: ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
Kodwa, Athini amagama eziqhamo zezi zityalo? Ewe, kuya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kuhlobo lwesiqhamo esithetha ngaso:
- coco: njengoko igama layo libonisa, sisiqhamo somthi wesundu wekhokhonathi (ICocos nucifera). Imile okwengqukuva, kunye neqokobhe elishinyeneyo elinamanqaku amathathu amnyama abizwa ngokuba ziindawo zokuhluma. Ipulp imhlophe kwaye iyatyiwa.
- coquito: eLatin America iziqhamo zeButia zaziwa ngeli gama. Ezi zingqukuva, malunga nesentimitha enye ububanzi, kwaye zinesikhumba esityheli. Oku kulungele ukusetyenziswa.
- Umhla: umhla sisiqhamo semithi yesundu yohlobo lwePhoenix, njengesundu somhla, ngaphandle okanye i-canary Inobume obungaphezulu okanye obuncinci, kwaye ilinganisa ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwe-1 okanye i-2 yeesentimitha ubude malunga ne-0,5 cm ububanzi. Ezi ziyatyiwa, ngaphandle kwembewu enzima kakhulu.
- abanye: Xa umthi wesundu uvelisa isiqhamo esingatyiwayo, ubizwa ngokuba sisiqhamo. Ubume kunye nobukhulu bayo bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwiintlobo. Umzekelo:
- IArchontophoenix: ineziqhamo ezincinci, ubude obuyi centimeter eyi 1 no 0,5 cm ububanzi, ezikhusela imbewu encinci.
- URaphia: Ezi sundu zaseAfrika zivelisa isiqhamo esineqokobhe elifana ngokusondeleyo nesikhumba se-pangolin, ngaphandle kombala obomvu kunomdaka. Zilinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezi-2-3 ubude nge-1-1,5 yeesentimitha ububanzi.
- I-Ravenea: ifana ne-Archontophoenix, enemilo ejikelezayo kunye negobolondo ebomvu.
Zenzelwe ntoni iziqhamo zemithi yesundu?
Iziqhamo zemithi yesundu ziye zasetyenziswa ngabantu kangangeenkulungwane. Umzekelo, imihla isebenza njengokutya kwabo bahlala okanye banqumla intlango, indawo apho imbalela igqugqisa kakhulu yaye ihlala ixesha elide kangangokuba kufuneka bayilawule ukuba bafuna ukuphila. Kodwa nezingatyiwayo zinomdla kakhulu namhlanje ingakumbi kubaqokeleli.
Kwaye kukuba kaninzi umthi wesundu onqabileyo, nokuba usemncinci kwaye ngoko ke umncinci, unokufikelela kumaxabiso aphezulu; ngoko ukugcina imali, ngamanye amaxesha ukhetha ukuthenga imbewu, enokuthi ibize kakhulu, ewe, kodwa ekugqibeleni ihlawula.
Ityalwa njani imithi yesundu?
Ukuze imbewu yesundu intshule, kubalulekile ukuba, kuqala, zingeniswa kwiglasi enamanzi, apho baya kushiywa iiyure ezingama-24. Oku kuya kunceda ukwazi ukuba ziyakwazi na, apho ziya kutshona, okanye ukuba ngokuchaseneyo azinjalo.
Ngosuku olulandelayo, ibhedi yembewu iya kuzaliswa -imbiza, iitreyi zeedbed, okanye izikhongozeli zobisi ebezihlanjwe ngaphambili ngesepha namanzi- kunye nesubstrate yenkcubeko, efana neyendalo yonke okanye iibhedi zembewu (kwintengiso apha). Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba into oyisebenzisayo xa uyihlwayela inomngxuma kwisiseko sayo, kungenjalo imbewu inokubola ngenxa yokufuma okugqithisileyo.
Inqanaba elilandelayo nkcenkceshela umhlaba, kwaye ungcwabe imbewu kancinane. Kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba azichanekanga ngokupheleleyo kwizakhi, ngaphandle kokuba i-coconut, apho kuya kufuneka ibonakaliswe ukuze ikwazi ukuntshula.
Ekugqibeleni, Ibhedi yembewu iya kugcinwa kwindawo enamaqondo obushushu amalunga ne-20-25ºC, kwaye iya kunkcenkceshelwa ukwenzela ukuba umhlaba uhlale umanzi, ngaphandle koko imbewu iya koma kwaye iyeke ukusebenza.
Zithatha ixesha elingakanani ukuhluma?
Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / Kumar83
Oku kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni zintsha kangakanani na imbewu kunye nexesha etyalwe ngalo, kunye neentlobo zesundu ekuthethwa ngazo. Ukukunika umbono, ezona zixhaphakileyo, ezifana nePhoenix, Chamaerops kunye neWashingtonia, zithatha ixesha elifutshane ukuntshula: malunga neeveki ezimbini ukuba zihlwayelwe emva kokuvuna iziqhamo zazo.
Kodwa kukho ezinye, njengeSyagrus, iSabal, okanye iJuabea, ezithatha ixesha elide: 3, 4 iinyanga., okanye nangaphezulu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, umonde luphawu olungenakusilela xa ukhula imithi yesundu.