Zintoni ezomiliselwa kwaye zezantoni?

Enye yeendlela zokusasaza kwezityalo kukumilisela, inkqubo efuna izakhono ezithile egadini njengoko kubandakanya ukudibanisa izityalo ezibini okanye inxalenye yesityalo esinye kwesinye.

Isityalo esifumana ukumiliselwa saziwa njenge pateni ngelixa isiqwenga sesiqu okanye ihlumelo elifakwe kule patheni laziwa njenge grafti okanye udidi. Kodwa yenziwa njani?

Yintoni iigrafti?

Yindlela ekhuthazwayo kakhulu xa ufuna ukuphinda-phindeka kufane ngokufanayo nolwahlulo lwesityalo sokuqala. Kungenxa yoko le nto isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizityalo zokuhombisa kuba umbono kukuba izityalo ezizayo zineempawu ezifanayo kwaye zijongeka zifana nezokuqala. Eminye imizekelo zii-conifers ezithile kunye nezinye iintlobo zemithi ye-cypress.

Kuqhelekile ukuba le ndlela yokuphindaphinda isetyenziswe kwimeko yemithi yeziqhamo, kwaye yile ndlela kuqheleke ngayo ukuba iingcambu zibe zezinye iindidi kunye nesiqu okanye amasebe kwenye.

Ukhetho lwale ndlela alukho ngengozi kuba iigrafti vumela ukuba uthathe ithuba kwiintlobo zezityalo ezomeleleyo kunye neempawu ezinomdla kuba zezabo zibonelela ngengcambu ethi ngenxa yamandla ayo inokoyisa iimeko ezimbi. Ukudibanisa kananjalo kusetyenziswa ukuba ufuna ukufumana iintlobo ezincinci zesityalo, into ebalulekileyo ukuba unendawo encinci.

Iigrafti zikhethwe xa ufuna ukufumana izityalo zokuhombisa okanye imithi yeziqhamo eyahlukileyo. Ke oko kubizwa ngokuba kukuphanjaniswa okuninzi kwenziwa, okubandakanya ukuphumeza ukuba isityalo esinye sineentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentyatyambo okanye iziqhamo. Yintoni egqithisile, Le ndlela isetyenziswa xa uphinda-phindo ngokusikwa okanye ngembewu akunakwenzeka, okanye ukuba ufuna ukuvuselela umthi omdala.

Zeziphi iintlobo zegrafti ezikhoyo?

Kukho iindidi ezininzi, zezi:

Yolk

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-gusset graft okanye isiNgesi sokumiliselwa, kwaye ibandakanya yazisa ngesiqwenga somthi ukusuka kulomthambo phantsi kwesiqu somthi esisebenza njengepateni. Ukwenza oku, okwenziweyo kuqala kunqunyulwa ixolo elincinci, ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwimilo ye-T, faka i-grafti kwaye emva koko uyigcine kunye neteyiphu yomiliselo kangangeentsuku ezingama-20. Emva kwelo xesha, uya kuba nesityalo esimiliselweyo.

Ungayenza phakathi / ngasekupheleni kobusika.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Uyenza njani into yokudibanisa

Sika

Okanye ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-spike graft, kubandakanya ukubuyisela isiphelo sesityalo esisebenza njengepateni yokufakelwa okunamahlumelo athile. Ukufezekisa, into eyenziweyo yile usike esinye isiqu, wenze umsantsa omile njengo-V, emva koko ufake ufakelo. Okokugqibela, zibanjiwe kunye ne-raffia tape umzekelo, okanye nge-adhesive.

Ukuqhekeka okulula

Yenziwa xa ipateni kunye nokuhlomela zinobubanzi obulinganayo. Yayo, iphethini iyanqunyulwa kubude obuyifunayo, emva koko kunqunyulwa embindini, kwaye ekugqibeleni kufakelwe ukufakwa i-bevel yangaphambili isikiwe kumacala omabini.

Izityalo ezixhasa le ndlela yimithi kunye namatyholo, kwaye yenziwa ebusika ukuba iyabuna, okanye entwasahlobo ukuba zihlala ziluhlaza.

Ukuqhawula kabini

Yenziwe ngendlela efanayo neyangaphambili. Umahluko kuphela kukuba endaweni yokukhetha enye, zibini.

Ku luncedo kakhulu ekuvuseleleni imithi, okanye ukutshintsha iindidi.

Isihlomelo sesiNgesi

Yenziwe ngokudityaniswa kwesebe elinonyaka-1 ubudala, enobubanzi obukhulu beesentimitha ezi-2 kunye nesibini sama buds. Zombini kunye nepatheni kufuneka zisikwe kwimvubu, kwaye emva koko lazise isebe ngaphakathi liqinisekisa ukuba ii-cambiums zazo zombini ziyadibana. Ukugqiba, badityaniswa nerabhoni yeraffia.

UDe corona

Ikwabizwa ngokuba kukumiliselwa kwexolo, uthethathethwano kufuneka lufunyenwe ebusika, kwenziwe i-bevel cut, kwaye igcinwe efrijini imanzi kancinci, isongelwe kwiphepha lasekhitshini kwaye ibekwe kwingxowa yeplastiki kude kube sentwasahlobo. Kamva, ixolo lihlukaniswa kancinci kwipateni, kwaye kufakwa i-quill.

Yebhulorho

Luhlobo olunomdla kakhulu lwegrafti xa ixolo lomthi lalonzakele kwelinye icala. Ipiki kufuneka iqokelelwe ebusika, kwaye igcinwe efrijini kude kube sentwasahlobo, isongelwe kwiphephandaba okanye kwiphepha lasekhitshini kwaye ibekwe kwingxowa yeplastiki. Emva kwelo xesha, inxeba liyasuswa de kufikelelwe kwithishu esempilweni, kwaye iinotshi zenziwe zombini ngaphezulu nangaphantsi kwayo, ubukhulu obufanayo nobezipikisi okanye ubugcisa. Iimayini ke zifakwa ngezantsi kweenotshi, kuqinisekiswa ukuba imiphetho iyaqhagamshelana.

Indlela

Ngokusisiseko, iqulathe ukuwelda amasebe amabini ezityalo akhula kunye okanye asondelelene kakhulu. Yale, kususwa iqhekeza lamaxolo kuzo zombini, ngokulinganayo alinganayo ngobukhulu kunye nokuphakama okufanayo, kwaye emva koko uncanyathiselwe ngeraffia tape okanye ngeteyiphu yomiliselo.

Uyenza njani into yokudibanisa kwimithi yeziqhamo?

Imithi yeziqhamo zizityalo ezimiliselwe rhoqo kakhulu, nokuba kukufumana iziqhamo ezingcono, okanye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezinganyangekiyo neemeko zengingqi umzekelo. Kodwa kufuneka sihlale sikhumbula ukuba kubalulekile ukuba sizazi kakuhle iindidi esifuna ukuzidibanisa, kuba ukuba aziveli kusapho olunye okanye, ngcono, isini esinye, ezo grafti aziyi kuphumelela.

Ngamanye amagama: banokumiliselwa Imithi yecherry ngemithi yeamangile umzekelo, kuba zombini zivela kudidi lwePrunus; kodwa ayizukunceda nto ukumilisela imango kwi Umthi weapile, kuba eyokuqala yiMangifera, kwaye eyesibini nguMalus.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho imithi yeziqhamo ethile enokumiliselwa kuphela kwezinye ezizintlobo ezifanayo. Zingaba ziindidi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kufuneka zabelane ngenxalenye enkulu yemathiriyeli yazo yemvelo. Ke, sinemithi yeapile, imithi yeetsheri, iipersimmon, iavokhado, hazelnuts, imithi yemidiliya, imithi yeminquma, iirharnate kunye iipistachios ukuba baya kwamkela kuphela iigrafti kwezona 'zizihlobo' zabo zingqalileyo.

Ukuthathela ingqalelo konke oku, imiliselwa njani imithi yeziqhamo? Ewe, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa esona sisetyenziswa kakhulu kukucandeka kabini. Masazi inyathelo ngenyathelo ukuba ungayenza njani:

1. Okokuqala, amasebe amabini aza kumiliselwa anqunyulwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, xa eqala ukuhluma, kwi-engile emalunga nama-45 degrees.
2. Emva koko, i-induction yenziwa kwipateni.
3. Amasebe emva koko ayaziswa kwaye ancanyathiselwe kwi-tape yomiliselo.
4. Okokugqibela, kuya kufuneka ulinde malunga nenyanga ukuze ususe iteyiphu.

Ucinga ntoni ngalo mbandela?