Echinacea

I-Echiunacea yintyatyambo engapheliyo

I-Echinacea zizityalo ezifikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezi-2, kwaye oko zineentyatyambo ezinkulu ezitsala ubuninzi bezinambuzane eziluncedo Kungenxa yoko le nto benomdla kakhulu ekukhuleni okanye kufutshane nezitiya, nakwigadi. Ukongeza, banokuhlengahlengiswa ukuze baphile ngeembiza, ukuze ke ube nazo apho ufuna khona.

Kodwa ubuntu abonwabeli kuphela umbala kunye nobungangamsha beentyatyambo zabo, kodwa kunye neempawu zalo zonyango, esiza kuthetha ngazo ngezantsi ukuze, ngale ndlela, wazi yonke into ngazo.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu ze-Echinacea

I-Echinacea luhlobo lothotho lwezityalo ezingapheliyo ezivela eNyakatho Melika. Zili-23 iindidi zezinto ezamkelweyo, nangona kuchaziwe ezingama-XNUMX. Zonke zinempawu ezifanayo kakhulu; Ngapha koko, umahluko ophawuleka kakhulu bubungakanani bamagqabi kunye / okanye umbala weentyatyambo zawo. Bafikelela kubude obuphakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-90 kunye neemitha ezi-2Zine-lanceolate kumagqabi elliptical, kwaye umbala wento edla ngokudideka kunye neepalali kodwa eziyinyani zinokuba ziipinki, zimfusa okanye kunqabile ukuba tyheli okanye zimhlophe.

Yeyosapho lwe-Asteraceae, kwaye ke njengazo, iintyatyambo zayo ziqokelelwe kubuchwephesha bendawo apho ikhowuni esembindini ikhupha umbulelo omncinci kwimigudu ephuma ngasemva kwayo. Kwi-protagonist yethu, ukongeza, ezi zikhula kancinci ezantsi, zisenza ukuba sikhangeleke ngcono. Ientyatyambo entwasahlobo-ehlotyeni.

Njengomdla onomdla, siya kukuxelela ukuba igama elithi Echinacea livela echino, EsiGrike sinameva. Oku kubhekisa kwikona, kodwa ungakhathazeki, unokuyichukumisa ngaphandle kokuzenzakalisa.

Iintlobo eziphambili

Nangona kukho ishumi elinesibini, ayizizo zonke ezaziwa ngokulinganayo. Ngapha koko, imarike iphantse ithengise imbewu yeentlobo ezimbini, kodwa hayi ngaphezulu. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana ezinye iintlobo, kuya kufuneka ujonge kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo okanye ezo zithengisa imbewu evela kwilizwe langaphandle.

Kodwa ke, sifuna ukuba ubazi ukuze ubazi ukuba bahle kangakanani:

I-Echinacea angustifolia

I-Echinacea angustifolia blooms entwasahlobo

Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / Dy-e

La echinacea emxinwa Luhlobo olufikelela kwimitha enye ukuphakama kwaye, njengoko igama lalo libonisa, linamagqabi amancinci kunezinye iintlobo. Iintyatyambo zayo zipinki okanye zimfusa. Yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu njengesityalo esingamayeza, kuba isebenza ekuthinteleni nasekunyangeni umkhuhlane nasekuphuculeni ukwetyisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi esiza kubona kamva.

Echinacea atrorubens

La Echinacea atrorubens Sisityalo esifana nesi besisandula ukusibona, kodwa sincinci: siziisentimitha ezingama-90 kuphela ubude kwaye sinamagqabi abanzi. Iintyatyambo zayo zinokuba pinki, okanye ngamanye amaxesha zimhlophe.

Echinacea laevigata

I-Echinacea laevigata ineepalali ezintle

Umfanekiso -Flickr / cotinis

La Echinacea laevigata luhlobo olusengozini yokuphela. Inokufikelela kubude beemitha eziyi-1,5, kunye yahlukile kwezinye ngokuba neembumba ezincinci kakhulu (iipetali zobuxoki). Ziimfusa ezi.

Echinacea pallida

I-Echinacea pallida ineentyatyambo ezimhlophe

Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Eric Hunt

I-echinacea emfusa emfusa sisityalo esifikelela kubude obuphakathi kwe-45 kunye ne-90 yeesentimitha ukuphakama. Iintyatyambo zayo zinemithambo emincinci, emgceni kwaye imhlophe ngokubanzi ngombala., kodwa zinokuba pinki.

I-Echinacea Paradoxa

I-Echinacea paradoxa ineentyatyambo ezimthubi

Iyaziwa ngokuba ngumthubi otyheli kwaye sisityalo esisongelwa kwindawo esivela kuyo. Ikhula ukuya kwi-90 yeesentimitha ukuphakama, kunye ivelisa phantse iintyatyambo ezityheli, kodwa kukwakho ezimhlophe nezipinki.

Echinacea purpurea

I-Echinacea purpurea sisityalo esingapheliyo

Umfanekiso -Flickr / Matt Lavin

Nguye echinacea eqhelekileyo. Inokufikelela kwi-120 yeesentimitha ukuphakama, kwaye ke yenye yezona ndawo zinkulu zohlobo. Iintyatyambo zayo zipinki okanye zimfusa. njenge E. angustifoliaIkwanokusetyenziswa njengesityalo sonyango.

igazi echinacea

I-Echinacea sanguinea ine-cone ebomvu ebomvu

Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Eric Hunt

La igazi echinacea Sisityalo esikhula kwakhona ukuya kwi-120 yeesentimitha ukuphakama. Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe ngombala opinki, kwaye zineekhowuni ebomvu ebomvu, uphawu olunika ifani. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, lolona hlobo luthandekayo.

Yintoni na?

I-Echinacea inezinto ezininzi ezinomdla ezisebenzisayo. Eyona iphambili yile mhlobiso. Sisityalo esingaphezu kobukhulu obufanelekileyo bokukhula egadini, umzekelo, ukuchaza iindlela okanye iindlela. Ukongeza, ikhula kakuhle ezimbizeni, kwaye itsala izinambuzane ezinje ngeenyosi okanye amabhabhathane, yiyo loo nto ingumlingane olungileyo kumlimi nakubani na okhulisa izityalo ukonwaba kunye / okanye ukusetyenziswa.

Olunye usetyenziso yi amayeza, ngokusetyenziswa kwemixholo. Siye sathetha phambi kwe I-Echinacea angustifolia kunye Echinacea purpurea. Zombini zisetyenziselwa ngokubanzi izibonelelo ezizisa kwimpilo yabantu. Umzekelo, bane-antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, digestive, aperitif, kunye neepropathi zentsholongwane. Aqinisa amajoni omzimba kwaye athintele usulelo ukuba luye lubi. Ukongeza, bakhathalela ulusu, amanxeba okupholisa kunye nezilonda.

Unonophelo lweEchinacea kunye nokulima

Okokugqibela, sifuna ukuba uyazi ukuba ungayinyamekela njani kwaye uyihlakulele. Ngale ndlela, ungonwabela isityalo esisempilweni kunye nexabisekileyo ixesha elide:

Ubicación

Kubalulekile ukuba ibekwe ngaphandle ukusuka kusuku lokuqala, ukusukela kufuneka ibe kwilanga ngqo. Ngale ndlela, ayizukukhula kakuhle kuphela, oko kukuthi, ngeziqu ezime nkqo kwaye zingagobanga, kodwa iya kuba namandla aneleyo okuqhakaza.

Umhlaba okanye i-substrate

  • Imbiza yeentyatyambo: Sisityalo esiza kuba nophuhliso olungcono ukuba sigcinwa embizeni kunye ne-substrate ekhulayo yendawo yonke ene-30% ye-perlite (iyathengiswa apha). Kwakhona, imbiza kufuneka ibe nemingxunya kwisiseko sayo.
  • Jadini: ihlala kwimihlaba ekhanyayo enemijelo elungileyo yamanzi kwaye ke ngoko ifunxa amanzi ngokukhawuleza.

Unkcenkceshelo

I-Echinaceae zizityalo zelanga

I-Echinaceae ixhathise imbalela kakuhle, ukuba ayinde kwaye ayikho emhlabeni. Ke, Kuya kufuneka ubankcenkceshele umyinge wamaxesha ama-2-3 ngeveki, Ubeka phakathi isithuba sokunkcenkceshela ngexesha lekwindla nasebusika ukuze iingcambu zingagutyungelwa ngamanzi.

Kwimeko yokuba nazo kwiimbiza, ziya kunkcenkceshelwa malunga ne-3-4 amaxesha ngeveki ngexesha lasehlotyeni, kodwa unyaka wonke kufuneka wenziwe kube kanye okanye uninzi lweeveki ezimbini.

Umbhalisi

Kufuneka ihlawulwe entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Kula maxesha mabini kuxa ikhula kwaye, ke ngoko, xa ifuna owona mgquba kakhulu. Ngale nto sicebisa ukuba usebenzise iimveliso eziphilayo, kuba oku kukwagcina nobomi bezo zinambuzane zindwendwela iintyatyambo zakho. Umzekelo, yena umbungu womhlaba, iguyano okanye umgquba zilungele esi sityalo.

Ukuphindaphinda

I-Echinaceae zande ngembewu. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuhlwayelwe entwasahlobo, kuba ngale ndlela baya kuba nenxalenye entle yonyaka ukuze bakhule. Kodwa ukuba imozulu ithambile okanye akukho qabaka, inokwenziwa nasekuqaleni kokuwa. Amanyathelo ekufuneka elandelwe ngala:

  1. Okokuqala kukukhetha nokulungisa umandlalo wembewu. Siyacebisa ukuba ibe yitreyi yezithole efana nayo yi, kuba ngale ndlela uya kuba nakho ukulawula ukuhluma, kodwa kunokuba kufanelekile ngembiza okanye ngeplanti. Kukho nawuphi na, kufuneka igcwaliswe nge-substrate yezithole (kwintengiso apha) okanye umhlaba ongaphantsi, kunye namanzi ngesazela.
  2. Emva koko, imbewu iya kuhlwayelwa. Ukuba bazakuba kwitreyi yezithole, kuya kubekwa ezimbini kwi-alveolus nganye; ukuba yimbiza engekho ngaphezulu kwe-3, kwaye ukuba iyatyalwa inokubekwa kumgama weesentimitha ezintlanu ukusuka kwenye ukuya kwenye.
  3. Emva koko zigqunywe nge-substrate. Umaleko kufuneka ubhityile, kuba ngaphezulu kwayo nayiphi na into iya kunceda ukuthintela ilanga ekubeni libanike ngokuthe ngqo.
  4. Okokugqibela, ibhedi yembewu kufuneka ibekwe ngaphakathi kwipleyiti okanye itreyi. Ngoba? Kuba de imbewu ihlume kwaye nezityalo zikhule, kufuneka unkcenkceshelwe ukusuka ezantsi, oko kukuthi, ukugcwalisa loo plate okanye itreyi ngamanzi.

Emva koko, iya kukhutshelwa ngaphandle, kwindawo enelanga, kwaye iya kunkcenkceshelwa ngalo lonke ixesha umhlaba ubonakala womile. A) Ewe iya kuhluma malunga neveki. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba zibe ziisentimitha eziyi-5-7 ukuphakama, kufuneka zixobulwe zityalwe kwiimbiza ezizodwa, okanye egadini.

Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo

Sisityalo esinokuchaphazeleka kwizifo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinambuzane. Njengokuba:

  • Izinambuzane: iimites, mealybugs, aphids, whiteflies, zonke zinokupheliswa ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous, isepha ye-potassium onokubona ividiyo esezantsi, okanye ioyile ye-neem (iyathengiswa apha). Kwaye neminenke kunye nee-slugs, ezingezizo izitshabalalisi ngoluhlobo, kodwa zinikwe umonakalo abazenzayo (banokude baziphelise) kubalulekile ukuba bazilawule iimveliso ezithile.
  • Izifo: Iintsholongwane Pseudomonas cichorii, okanye intsholongwane ye-cucumber mosaic zizifo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ezinye zizinto ezibangelwa kukungunda kwe-pathogenic, njenge-phytophthora ebola iingcambu, okanye ukungunda komgubo okugquma amagqabi ngombala ongwevu. Ukuthintela oku, thintela ukunkcenkceshela ngaphezulu kwemfuneko, kwaye ugcine isityalo sisempilweni. Ukuba kukho iimpawu, amalungu achaphazelekayo kufuneka asuswe xa kunokwenzeka. Ngelishwa, akukho lunyango lusebenzayo ngokuchasene neebhaktiriya okanye intsholongwane, kodwa ngokuchasene nefungi kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ukungunda okuqulathe ubhedu, enye.

Ukutshintshwa

I-Echinaceae ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ke Basenokufuna imbiza itshintshe rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu okanye njalo. Ukuba ufuna ukutyala emhlabeni, kufuneka ulinde kuqala ukuba bathathe iingcambu kakuhle embizeni, oko kukuthi, de iingcambu zabo ziphume ngemingxunya esembizeni; emva koko, zinokuhanjiswa ziye egadini ngentwasahlobo.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Ziyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu nengqele. Banyamezela iqabaka ukuya -18ºC, kunye namaqondo obushushu angama-35ºC. Ewe abanako ukuswela amanzi xa kuthe kwakho ubushushu obude nobude kunesiqhelo.

Uphi ukuthenga i-Echinacea?

Ukuba ufuna ukuthenga imbewu, ungayenza ukusuka apha. Yiba nokutyala kokonwaba.


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