IBotrytis kwitumato

Siyayazi iBotrytis njengefungus enesiporho

Siyamazi uBotrytis njenge ngundo ukuba polyphagous Olunoluhlu olubanzi lwezityalo ezisingathiweyo kwaye ngaxeshanye lusasazeke ngokubanzi kwihlabathi liphela, ke ngoko linoxanduva lokubola okungwevu kwiyantlukwano enkulu yezityalo ezibaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho, njengoko kunjalo nge-blueberry, I-strawberry, i-kiwi, umdiliya okanye i-tomato.

Oko kwathethi, kukho ingxelo egqitha kwi I-1400 yeentlobo zezityalo ezonakaliswe yiBotrytis, malunga ne-596 genera, kwiintsapho ezili-170.

Inkcazo kunye neempawu zeBotrytis

IBotrytis ngundo owaziwa ngokuba yenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezilahlekileyo kwitamatato

IBotrytis ngundo owaziwa ngokuba yenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezinoxanduva lokukhulu ilahleko kwizityalo zetumato.

Iziphumo ezinkulu zenzeka ngenxa yokuba Ilahleko ezinkulu ekusebenzeni zenziwa, kuba iintyatyambo ziyawa kwaye ngenxa yoko ngenxa yomonakalo owenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiziqhamo kuphuhliso olupheleleyo, kunye nomgangatho wazo ophantsi kurhwebo nangenxa yokubola ekuvuneni.

Iimpawu zeBotrytis kwitumato

Eli likhowa Iyakwazi ukuchaphazela iziqu, ii-petioles, amagqabi kwaye nakwiziqhamo ezonakalisiweyo okanye emva koko zivele.

Kukho ukuvela kwezilonda ezingamanzi kwisikhondo ngasinye sesityalo, silandelwe zizilonda eziyinyama kunye necrotic ezinombala omdaka okhanyayo, zona kwelinye icala zezizo banesakhono sokukhawulwa ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokusisigxina kwisiqu sesityalo ekubanjelwe kuso.

Ingabonakala izilonda necrotic ezirhangqwe yi-aureole echlorotic kwaye esihlala sizifumana kumaphecana anomilo ofana ne-V.

Ukwazi ukuba isityalo sethu sinengxaki ye-necrosis kwiintyatyambo, iseti yeziqhamo encinci iyenzeka kunye nokukhula kokubola okungamanzi kwiziqhamo ezingekakhuli.

Kwiziqhamo ezivuthiweyo sinokubona amatyheli amancinci amthubi, necrotic enemilo yenqanaba elifumana igama ibala lesiporho, ezinomlinganiso ophakathi kwesithathu ukuya kwi-10 mm ubukhulu.

Sikwabona uhlobo lwe ukungunda velvety ukungunda Ngaphezulu kwezi zicubu zeparasitic. Le fungus ehlala iphalaza ngenxa yobukho bee-conidiophores ezikwaziyo ukuvelisa inani elikhulu le-conidia.

Yeyiphi imijikelo yomngundo?

Este isinda njenge-saprophyte kwintsalela yezityalo kwaye kwangaxeshanye, iyakwazi ukucacisa izakhiwo ezinqabileyo ezinje nge-sclerotia, ezihlala zilele emhlabeni ukuze zisinde.

Ngokubanzi, ukusasazwa kwe-conidia kwenzeka ngenxa yesenzo semvula, imisinga yomoya kunye nomoya. Ezi spores kwiimeko ezininzi Zithwalwa imigama emide yimisinga yomoya.

Yeyiphi imijikelo yomngundo?

Ukufumana ukosulela ezo zicwili zihambileyo bafuna umthombo olungileyo obanika amandla angaphandleUmzekelo woku ngamagqabi abunileyo awela emagqabini okanye esiqu, ngenxa yoko kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba olu suleleko luqale kwiintyatyambo. Enye indlela le fungus enokuyisebenzisa ukosulela isityalo kukuba ngamanxeba abangelwa kukuthenwa okungakhange kwenziwe kakuhle.

Nje ukuba izicwili zisuleleke imveliso entsha yespore iyenziwa, ezinokuthi ziqale omnye umjikelo wosulelo.

Singayilawula njani iBotrytis?

  • Ukuncipha kobukho bokufuma kwisityalo ngasinye, ukunciphisa okanye ukunqanda ukufafaza unkcenkceshelo.
  • Ukuqinisekisa ngokufanelekileyo isityalo ngasinye.
  • Ukususa amalungu agulayo.
  • Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso se nitrogen.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ube ngaphezulu kwesityalo setumato ukuze ubone ukuba iitumato azihlupheki kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo okanye ukungunda, kuba Ukuvuna iitumato ngekhe kwenzeke.


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