I-Chestnut (iCastanea sativa)

El isifuba Ngomnye wemithi yeziqhamo elinywe kakhulu kuyo yonke imimandla enesimo sezulu sehlabathi: kungekuphela nje ngesiqhamo sayo, esimnandi, kodwa nakwixabiso laso lokuhombisa kunye nokuba rustic kwayo. Njengokuba ayonelanga, sesinye sezo zityalo, njengoko zikhula, zinika umthunzi omnandi, into engathandabuzekiyo exatyiswayo ehlotyeni.

Ukugcinwa kwayo akunzima, nangona kuyinyani ukuba xa imozulu ingalunganga (oko kukuthi, xa ipholile, ithande ukufudumala, endaweni yengqele) ihlala ineengxaki ngenxa yokunyamezelana kwayo okuphantsi kubushushu obukhulu. Ngaphandle koko, kunomdla kakhulu ukudibana naye. Ngaba uyathanda? 🙂

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

Umlinganiswa wethu ophambili ngumthi oqaqambileyo ogama lakhe lenzululwazi ICastanea sativa. Inzalelwane kumazantsi eYurophu naseAsia Minor. Ikhula ukuya kubude beemitha ezingama-20 ukuya kuma-30, enesithsaba esibanzi noko nesiqu esifikelela kwiimitha ezimbini ubukhulu kunye nexolo elimdaka, likwaphuka ixesha elide kwiimodeli ezindala, kwaye zigudile kulutsha.

Amagqabi akwi-8 ukuya kuma-22cm ubude nge-4,5 ukuya kwi-8cm ububanzi, kwaye ayicinywanga, anesiseko esijikeleziweyo, umda onotiniweyo, okhazimlayo kumphezulu womhlaba kunye ne-pubescent encinci emazantsi. Ziluhlaza ngombala, nangona ekwindla ziba tyheli ngaphambi kokuwa.

Iintyatyambo ezingamadoda zii-catkins ezifikelela kwi-20cm, ngelixa ezomfazi zenziwe ngeendlela ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-9 encotsheni ye-ovary, kwaye zinombala okhilimu. Bahluma entwasahlobo.

Y Isiqhamo yindawo yedomeglobose egqunywe ngameva ukuya kuthi ga kwi-11cm ubude. Ngaphakathi iqulethe malunga nee-achenes ezi-2-3, eziyi-chestnuts, ezilinganisa malunga ne-2-4cm, zinobume obuzinzileyo, kwaye ziyatyiwa.

Ziintoni ezibakhathazayo?

Ukuba ufuna ikopi, sicebisa ukuba ubonelele ngale nkathalelo ilandelayo:

Ubicación

Ngumthi ekufuneka ubenjalo phesheya, ilanga elipheleleyo. Ukuba nkulu, kubalulekile ukuba ibekwe kumgama omncinci weemitha ezilishumi ukusuka kwiindonga, iindonga, imibhobho, njl., Kwaye ubuncinci i-6m kwezinye izityalo ezikhulu. Ngale ndlela, unokuba nophuhliso olugqwesileyo kwaye, ke, kuya kuba luvuyo ukucinga ngobuhle bakho

Umhlaba

• Jadini: Ikhula kwimihlaba epholileyo kwaye ifumile, ityebile kwizinto eziphilayo, kunye ne-asidi encinci.
• Imbiza yeentyatyambo: Ayisosityalo esikhula embizeni ubomi bayo bonke, kodwa ngexa seminyaka yayo emincinci kwaye njengoko ikhula ngeqondo eliphakathi kancinci, inokuba nesinye kunye nesigcina-kufuma (fumana apha) exutywe ne-30% perlite (iyathengiswa apha).

Unkcenkceshelo

Umthi we-chestnut sisityalo esinganyamezeliyo kwimbalela, kodwa asikuthandi ukukhukula kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuba, kunjalo, ngexesha elifanelekileyo (umzekelo, ukuba kunetha ngamandla amaxesha ambalwa ngonyaka, kwaye kanye apho Amanzi ahleli amile kwaye amdaka, lo mthi awuyi kwenzakala. Enye into ibiya kuba ukuba kunethe ngale ndlela).

Ke, ukunqanda iingxaki, ngokomyinge kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyinkcenkceshe kathathu ngeveki ehlotyeni, kwaye kube kanye okanye kabini ngeveki unyaka wonke. Kodwa lumka, oku kufuneka kuthathwe njengokuqhelaniswa: ukuba kunetha rhoqo kwindawo yakho, awuyi kufuna ukuba unkcenkceshele kangako; Kwelinye icala, ukuba imvula ina kancinci, kungafuneka ukonyuse rhoqo ukunkcenkceshela.

Umbhalisi

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlawule ngayo Izichumisi zendalo ngexesha lasentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, Ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga. Izichumisi ziyathanda iguano (ungayifumana ngomgubo apha kunye nolwelo apha), okanye umgquba wenkukhu (Ukuba uyifumana intsha, mayime elangeni kangangeentsuku ezili-10) zizityebi kakhulu kwizakhamzimba kwaye ziya kuyivumela ikhule isempilweni kakhulu.

Kwimeko yokuba unayo embizeni, sebenzisa izichumisi ezingamanzi, ulandela izikhombisi ezichazwe kwisitya.

Ukuvuna

Iingxowa zivunwa ngaphakathi ukuwa.

Ukuphindaphinda

Ukuphindaphinda ngokulula lwembewu ebusika. Indlela yokuqhubeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Into yokuqala yokwenza kukufumana ii-chestnuts, nokuba zivela emthini ngokwawo okanye kwivenkile yokutya yendalo (kule meko, thatha ezo zithengiswa ngobuninzi, zendalo).
2. Emva koko, gcwalisa i-20cm embizeni kunye ne-mulch exutywe ne-30% ye-perlite, kunye namanzi kakuhle.
3. Emva koko, ufefe ngobhedu okanye isalfure ukuthintela ukubonakala komngundo.
4. Emva koko, beka ubuninzi beembewu ezimbini embizeni, kwaye uzigqume ngomaleko we-substrate ungqindilili ngokwaneleyo ukuze ungabonakali kakhulu.
5. Ekugqibeleni, faka ibhokhwe ngaphandle, emthunzini omnyama.

Nangona kunjalo, kunye nokugcina i-substrate ifumile kodwa ingabi manzi, ziya kuhluma kuyo yonke intwasahlobo.

Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo

• I-Chestnut inki: Sisifo esibangelwa kukungunda Phytophthora cambivora y IPhytophtora cinnamomi. Isusela ezingcanjini iye emthini womthi, ibangele ukufa okuqhubekayo kwamagatya apical kunye necrotization yezicubu eziphantsi kwexolo.
  Ukuyinyanga, kufuneka sisebenzise isibulali-fungicides esisekwe kubhedu, kodwa eyona nto sinokuyenza kukuyithintela ngokulawula umngcipheko nokuthenga iisampulu ezisempilweni.
• Uhlaselo ukusuka icilikishe elinoboya (ILymantria yahlukile) kunye nebhabhathane elinomsila omdaka ngebala (I-Euproctis chrysorrhoeas). Zimbini i-lepidoptera ezitya incindi yamagqabi, ngakumbi lawo athambileyo.
  Banokulwa nabo isepha ye potassium o ioyile yemem.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Iyamelana neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -17ºCkodwa emva kwexesha bayenzakalisa. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo (ngaphezulu kwama-30ºC) abubuthandi. Ayikwazi ukuhlala kwimozulu yetropiki.

Isebenzisa ntoni?

Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukusetyenziswa njengomthi wokuhombisa, njengomzekelo ozimeleyo okanye ngokwamaqela, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo eyona ndlela isetyenziswa ngayo yile yomthi weziqhamo. Iziqhamo zayo, ama-chestnut, ayatyiwa, kwaye enyanisweni anesondlo kakhulu. Ixabiso lesondlo kwi-100 yeegram zezi zilandelayo:

• Iikhalori: 225 kcal
• Iicarbohydrate: 44,17g
• Amafutha: 1,25g
• Iprotein: 52g
• Vitamin B1: 0,144mg
• Vitamin B2: 0,016mg
• Vitamin B3: 1,102mg
• Vitamin B6: 0,352mg
• Vitamin C: 40,2mg
• Calcio: 19mg
• Hierro: 0,94mg
• wemagniziyam: 30mg
• Phosphorus: 38mg
• Potaziyam: 484mg
• Isodium: 2mg
• Izinki: 0,49mg

Zithini izibonelelo zamanqatha?

Yitya ezinye i-chestnuts ngoku izakusinceda sihlale sisempilweni, kuba ziyahlalisa, zomeleza amazinyo namathambo, zivuselele inkqubo yeemvakalelo, zikhusele intliziyo, ziphucule ukuhamba kwamathumbu kwaye zinokutyiwa kwimeko ye-anemia njengoko inentsimbi.

Ndiyathemba ukuba uyithandile into oyifundileyo malunga ne-chestnut 🙂.