Ezi zityalo ziyinxalenye yenkcubeko yabantu kangangeenkulungwane. Ezi zingaphakathi kosapho lwe amaryllidaceae y ineentlobo ezingama-1250 ezisasazeke kwihlabathi jikelele.
Iigalikhi, itswele, iichives okanye iichives, idibeneyo yegalikhi (ogama linguSayensi IAllium neapolitanum) kunye namakhulu ezinye iintlobo ngevumba elithile kunye nencasa ethile, isetyenziswa kwizitya ezininzi zokupheka eziqhelekileyo zommandla weMeditera.
Izixhobo
Ngokuqinisekileyo ifayile ye- IAllium neapolitanum Yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezidlo, nangona ngokwenkcubeko ziye zanceda ukugcina ukungcangcazela okungahambelani kunye nezinye iinkolelo. Ukongeza, kufuneka kuthiwe esi sityalo sineempawu ezingaqhelekanga zonyango.
Kuliwonga ukuba nelungu elibekekileyo emhlabeni wezityalo kwiiflora zasendle nakuzo naziphi na iingcaciso. Yenza umsebenzi omkhulu wokukhusela kwiigadi kunye nasegadini, njengoko isusa ivumba lezinambuzane okanye izinambuzane, eme ngobuhle bayo kunye nevumba elimnandi.
El IAllium neapolitanum Le yenye yeentlobo ezingaphezu kwe-1000 zohlobo olukhoyo kwiplanethi ye Usapho lweAmaryllidaceae kunye negama eliqhelekileyo elaziwa ngalo njenge-garlic joint, i-garlic emhlophe, i-scallions, i-anyanisi entwasahlobo, iinyembezi ze-Magdalene kunye namehlo kaKristu.
Ukongeza kwi IAllium neapolitanum, kukho ezinye iintlobo ezaziwayo nezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekhitshini ezinje nge IAllium crispum, iAllium sativum, IAllium schoenoprasum, iAllium nigrum, iAllium cernuum, phakathi kwabanye kwaye ayikho enye into ngaphandle kwegama lezinto eziqhelekileyo ekhitshini ezinje ngegalikhi, iichives, itswele, iilike, njl. Zonke zithiywe ngamagama IAllium ethi etymologically inentsingiselo yokutsha kwaye oku mhlawumbi kungenxa yokuba ibhekisa kwivumba elinamandla lesityalo. Esi sityalo sasisaziwa nakumaRoma kwaye kukholelwa ukuba imvelaphi yegama layo ivela eCeltic.
IAllium ligama lenzululwazi igalikhi y neapolitanum ibhekisa kwingingqi yemvelaphi yayo okanye apho ilinywa kakhulu okanye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuyathandwa. Ikwajongwa njengeyinyani ngaphakathi kwe-etymology ngokwabanye ababhali, ukuba igama livela kwigama lesiGrike elithi aglidion kunye onentsingiselo kukuphepha okanye ukubaleka, ekubeni ivumba lalo laligqalwa njengezothe.
KwakunguJoseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656-1708), isazi sendalo esingumFrentshi, eyokuqala ukusebenzisa igama le IAllium Ukubonakalisa igama lesityalo kwizifundo zakhe zezityalo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kokutya kubanzi kakhulu ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo kunye nokuhombisa okungafaniyo kunye incasa yayo kunye neepropathi zikulungele ukusetyenziswa kwezidlo, kwakhona ukubala ezinye izibonelelo zonyango.
Las Ikhekhe leenyembezi okanye igalikhi edibeneyo Zizityalo ezincinci ezingapheliyo ezikhula ziye kuthi ga kwi-intshi ezili-30 ubude. Amagqabi made kwaye aethe-ethe ngombala oluhlaza ogqamileyo kwaye ngesiqhelo amabini okanye amathathu. Kwiitheminali zamagqabi iintyatyambo ezincinci ezimhlophe ziyakhula Ukudubula phakathi kobusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ibhalbhu yesityalo ijikelezwe yi-bulbilos eqhelekileyo ngombala omthubi ngombala. Zonke iintlobo zodidi zinemixube yesalfure Ezi zivela kwi-allyl sulfide.
Xa isikiwe, i-alliin enzyme iba yi-allinase, yiyo le nto inika iziqhamo zezi zityalo zazo ivumba kunye neempawu. I-Allinase okanye i-allicin ineempawu zokuthintela ukungunda kunye nokubola. Ukongeza, banokuchaphazela ukumiselwa kwecholesterol, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukulwa ne-arteriosclerosis kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-antiviral.
Ezinye zezi zityalo zineempawu ezingaphezulu kwezinye, kodwa ngokubanzi lonke usapho lwezi zityalo zabelana ngezi mpawu kwinqanaba elikhulu okanye elincinci.
Ukulima kunye nokukhathalela IAllium neapolitanum
Ezi ntlobo zezityalo zinokwenzeka rhoqo ngonyaka okanye kabini ngonyaka kwaye zikhula ngokulula kwimimandla eshushu. Ukulungelelaniswa kwayo kunokumelana neqabaka ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa ikhula kakuhle kwiimeko ezinomthunzi okanye ezinomthunzi.
Ziyakwazi ukulungelelaniswa kwiindawo ezishushu kodwa kuyaqheleka ukuzibona kwindawo yaseMeditera. Indawo esihlala kuyo esi sityalo ihlala kwindawo efumileyo kunye neyomthunzi efana neebhanki zemilambo, iindlela zendlela, njl. Nangona kunjalo, Kukhethwa ukuba iqulathe izinto eziphilayo kunye nezinye ihumus.
Iyaxhathisa kakhulu kwizitshabalalisi nakwizifo kwaye eyona ndlela yokuphindaphinda kukusebenzisa ii-bulbs emva kokudubula. Lo msebenzi uqhele ukwenziwa ekwindla kwaye eli cebiso lisebenza kuzo zonke iintlobo IAllium. Ukuba zityalwa ngembewu, elona xesha lilungileyo lokwenza njalo lisentwasahlobo nakwibhokisi ekhuselweyo. Iibhalbhu zingatyalwa ngqo emhlabeni ngokwamaqela amakhulu kwaye akuqhelekanga ukutyala ukuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwimihlaba enomthunzi kancinci.
Izifo kunye nezitshabalalisi
Kuba sisityalo esinganyangekiyo, asiqhelekanga ukuba sihlaselwe lulo naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo okanye isibetho, ngokuchaseneyo, zihlala zigcina ezi ntlobo zeengxaki kude nezityalo. Nangona kunjalo, ngepesenti encinci kwaye nakwimimandla yamashishini inokuchaphazeleka itswele, ukubola okumhlophe, kunye umngundo.
Kwimeko yamasimi emizi-mveliso, impukane itswele yingxaki enkulu efuna uncedo olukhethekileyo kwimichiza yokubulala izitshabalalisi. Kodwa ukuba ukutyala kuncinci, eyona nto ilungileyo kukuhlwayela izaqathe kufutshane nale.
Umngundo ulawulwa kukususwa kwamagqabi achaphazelekayo, ukuphucula umoya wokungenisa izityalo kunye ukususa ukhula kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukufuma okungaphezulu kufuneka kususwe kwaye njengelinge lokugqibela isicatshulwa sehashe singasetyenziswa kwisityalo. Ukubola okumhlophe kulawulwa kuphela ngokuphucula umoya yesityalo kunye nokunciphisa amanqanaba okufuma.
Ngokubanzi, ezi ntlobo zezityalo zibaluleke kakhulu kwezorhwebo, izityalo zazo kunye nokuthengiswa kwemveliso kuxhaphake kakhulu, kuzenza izityalo ezinenzuzo enkulu yorhwebo.
Ukukhathalelwa kwesi sityalo kuncinci kakhulu, kuba kuhle, kuyathandeka kunye neepropathi ezininzi ezihamba kunye negadi kunye nezityalo zasendle amawaka eminyaka. Ukuxhathisa kunye nokulungelelanisa kukuqinisekisa ngendawo kwilizwe lezityalo ixesha elide.