ICabrahigo imalunga (eyindoda) ezahlukeneyo zeFicus carica, evelisa kuphela iintyatyambo ezingamadoda ezinomungu ukwenzela ukuba zingcolise umthi wamakhiwane (obhinqileyo) ngeentyatyambo ezizimazi kwaye ekugqibeleni zilawule ukuchuma, kuba kungenjalo isivuno esikhulu (samakhiwane) besingazukukwazi ukukhula kwaye, ngenxa yoko ukuwa komthi ungekakhuli.
Iimpawu zeCabrahigo
ICabrahigo imile ngokuba lolona hlobo lwesityalo sokuqala kunye neentyatyambo ezomeleleyo kunye neentyatyambo ezimfutshane. Yintoni egqithisile, Lubonakala ngokuvelisa izizukulwana ezithathu zeciconos ngonyaka, ezizi:
Oomama
Ngokwesiqhelo zikhula kumasebe onyaka odlulileyo, kwaye inemilo erhangqiweyo, bathanda ukunyamezela ubusika ngokuhlala kumasebe kwaye bafikelele ekuvuthweni xa kuqala intwasahlobo. Ngaphakathi kwazo kuhlala isinambuzane esinoxanduva lokwenza umvumvuzelo.
Iiprojos
Ezifumaneka kwii-axil zala magqabi akhule kutshanje; zinobude obude kwaye zihlala zivuthwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ziyabonakala ukuba zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngexesha lokuthintela, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lokubeka amakhiwane kunye nesinambuzane esingaphakathi kuwo zibotshelelwe kumasebe amakhiwane obufazi ukuze zenze impova.
Imamonas
Ngokwesiqhelo zikhula ehlotyeni kwaye zibekwe macala onke esiphelo samasebe.
Ngokubanzi Iibhokhwe zebhokhwe azihlali zityiwa, nangona ihlwayelwe kuba i-wasp encinci, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Blastophaga psenes", ebaluleke kakhulu kungekuphela kwempumlo, kodwa nakwisiqhamo esetiweyo, ihlala ngaphakathi.
IiCabrahigos zikhula ecaleni kwamakhiwane amabhinqa kwizityalo ezisusela kokuphakathi ukuya kwezomeleleyo; njengesiqhelo, bakhetha ukuba selangeni elipheleleyo kwaye banendawo yokufihla intloko ebavumela ukuba bazikhusele emoyeni, bafuna umhlaba ongaphandle kodongwe, ofunxwe ngokugqibeleleyo.
Ukulinywa kweCabrahigo
I-Turkey ibonakaliswa ngumvelisi ophambili wamakhiwane kwihlabathi liphela, ivelisa malunga neetoni ezingama-260.508 kuphela ngonyaka ka-2011 kwaye malunga nesibini kwisithathu semveliso yayo evela kwindidi eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Sari Lop", Olu luhlobo luqulathe olona luhlobo luphambili lokulinywa kungekuphela nje kokubonelela ngamakhiwane amatsha, kodwa kwanamakhiwane enqanaba.
Olu hlobo, njengabanye abaninzi, lubonakala ngokuba luhlobo lweSmirna, oko kuthetha ukuba Ayikwazi kulima isityalo samakhiwane ukuba ayinayo ipollen eyenziwe ngamakhiwane ebhokhwe.
ILa Higuera imalunga ne- umthi onqabileyo, Eyaziwa kakhulu ngenxa yeziqhamo zayo: amakhiwane ayaphuka.
Ngokubanzi, ayisasazeki njenge-bonsai kuba kunzima ukusika isithsaba sayo, ukongeza kwinto yokuba amagqabi ayo ahlala emakhulu. Inengxolo engwevu egudileyo; Amagqabi anqabileyo kwaye ashwabeneyo, ngesiqhelo isundu kunye nokukhanya okuluhlaza kwicala elisezantsi kunye nombala omnyama kwicala eliphezulu.
Uninzi lwemithi yamakhiwane elinywayo ineentyatyambo zabasetyhini kuphela, ke ukuze kufikelelwe kwisichumiso sayo kubalulekile ukubakho komkhiwane oyindoda, obizwa ngokuba yi-cabrahigo zineentyatyambo ezibhinqileyo nezingamadoda, ukongeza ekubeni ngaphakathi, njengoko besesitshilo, isinambuzane esisebenza ngaphakathi esikhula ngaphakathi kwii-ovari zeentyatyambo ezipheleleyo kwaye xa usishiya, sigcwele ngumungu onoxanduva lokuchumisa iintyatyambo zabasetyhini.
Kufuneka ibe kwilanga elipheleleyo ixesha elininzi Nangona kunjalo, ngamaxesha ashushu, kuya kufuneka uphephe ukuvezwa yimitha yelanga ixesha elide. Ifuna umthunzi nje ukuba ukufakelwa kwenziwe, nangona kufuneka kugcinwe kukhanyiswe kakuhle ukuze uphinde ubuye kwakhona.
Ngexesha lasebusika kufuneka uzikhusele kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi nakwiqabaka eziqinileyo, nangona kufuneka uve ubusika obubandayo ukuze wazi ukudlula kwamaxesha onyaka, oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ilahle amagqabi ebusika ukwenzela ukuba xa kufika intwasahlobo, ikhule kwaye yenze amahlumelo aphumlileyo avuke.
Ngokufika kokwindla kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo ethile epholileyo, malunga ne-5-8ºC, ukuze uchache ekuphumleni kwakho ebusika.
Izindlu zokugcina eluhlaza ezibandayo ezingaphandle zinokuba sisisombululo esihle, ngakumbi kwezo iindawo apho ubusika bunzima khona, ukhumbula ukuba kufuneka ibuyiselwe ngaphandle ngokukhawuleza.
Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kufuneka ikhutshelwe ngaphandle ukuze ifumane lonke ilanga. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ikhuliswa kwiindawo ezingenayo iqabaka, kunokwenzeka ukuyigcina ngaphandle ngexesha ngalinye lonyaka.
Ngokufanayo, kufanele ukuba kukhunjulwe ukuba Kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshelwe kuphela xa i-substrate yomile kancinci.
Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuba ngexesha lasehlotyeni kuya kufuna isixa esikhulu samanzi. Kwimeko apho ubuna ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamanzi, kungcono amanzi ngokubeka ngaphakathi kwibhakethi de umhlaba umanziswe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye mhlawumbi uza kuphila.
Ngokunkcenkceshela ngendlela elawulwayo kukho ithuba lokunciphisa ubungakanani bamagqabi, ke kubalulekile ukuba ungaqali unkcenkceshela de ziqale ukwehla kancinci.
Ukubhalisela kufuneka kuqale kumzuzu wokuhluma kwaye uqhubeke njalo de kube kuphela ihlobo; Kufuneka unkcenkceshele rhoqo kwiintsuku ezili-15 usebenzisa isichumisi esingamanzi esiboniswe ngokukodwa kwi-bonsai.
Kwicandelo lawo, kwaye xa kufikwa kuthenwa, yazi ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba uvumele amasebe akhule ngalo lonke ixesha lesityalo, ke amahlumela onyaka aya kuqala ukunqunyulwa phakathi kwamagqabi ama-2-3 ekupheleni kwehlobo, Okwangoku xa isebe likwazile ukuba phakathi kwamagqabi ayi-6-8.
Ngale ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukufezekisa ukuba omabini amasebe kunye namagqabi ayakwazi ukuvuthwa ngokwaneleyo ukuze kuvele ihlumelo elitsha kunye nokhula lomkhiwane.
Nangona kunjalo, xa umgama phakathi kweebhley ukhulu kakhulu, kungcono ukubamba ngaphambili, Oko kukuthi ukusika iingcebiso Kwaye musa ukulinda de kudlule ihlobo ukunqanda ukuba umgama phakathi kwamahlumela mkhulu kakhulu, kwaye ubangele ukuba kuzalwe amasebe amatsha.
Kuba amagqabi ayatshintshana, kuyakufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwicala apho kuvela khona ihlumelo livela kwigqabi lokuqala elikumasebe emva kokuthena, ukuze ukuthena kusoloko kwenziwa kwigqabi elinengcambu ijongise ngaphandle kwendebe.
Xa inxeba liphilisiwe kwaye inxenye yesiqwenga sishiyekile emva kokuthenwa komile, emva kweenyanga ezi-2-3 isiphunzi kuya kufuneka sisuswe kusetyenziswa ipleyiti ye-concave, siyishiye sigungxulwe ngomboko emva koko siyitywine ngocola kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithuba lokuba inxeba alinakuze ligqunywe ngexolo elitsha.