Xa ungena kwilizwe lezityalo kancinci kancinci uyaqonda ukuba libanzi, libanzi kakhulu. Maninzi amagama asetyenzisiweyo, kodwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo enye yezona zinto zilula ukufunda nokukhumbula, ngakumbi ukuba uyathanda iiferns, ngamagqabi.
Ngoba? Ewe, kuba kuphela kwamagqabi amakhulu anayo, kwaye mahle ngokwenene nangona edayiwe komnye umthunzi wombala oqhelekileyo kwindalo: luhlaza.
Iyintoni intsingiselo yefronde?
Njengoko sasiqhubela phambili, sinqabile okanye sinqabile Igqabi leeferns eziyinyani okanye ii-sporophytes. Ukubonakala kwayo kuhlala kunentsiba, kuba yahlulwe yangamaphetshana amaninzi (oko kukuthi, kwincwadana ezincinci ezihlala ngqo kwisitshixo esinye apho zivela khona) kwicala elingaphantsi apho zibonisa khona i-sori, equlathe i-spore okanye i-sporangia abavelisi.
Zeziphi iintlobo ezikhoyo?
Zonke iintlobo zeeferns zinamagqabi, kodwa kwezi kukho iintlobo ezininzi kuxhomekeke kwindlela eyahlula ngayo iblade:
- Iyonke: yimeko ye i-asplenium nidus umzekelo.
- Zahluliwe: njengakwi Ipolypodium vulgare.
- Yahlulwe: Njenge IPteridium aquilinum.
- Ngokwahlulahlula kabini: Njenge I-Athyrium filix-ibhinqa.
Kwaye ngokoluhlu lwelungu lomzimba:
- umlawuli: Njenge I-Asplenium septentrionale.
- Lanceolate: Njenge I-Oreopteris limbosperma.
- I-oval-lanceolate: Njenge IThelypteris palustris.
- unxantathu: Njenge I-Gymnocarpium robertianum.
Zingaphi iifeni ezikhoyo ehlabathini?
Iifeni zizityalo ezintle, zazo Kukho malunga ne-12 lamawaka eentlobo Iqokelelwe kwiziqendu ezithathu ezikhoyo: iMarattiidae, iOphioglossidae kunye nePolypoideae. Kwixesha elidlulileyo bekukho ezi zinto zine: Cladoxydales, Stauropteridales, Zygopteridales kunye ne-Ehacophytales, ekusele kufunyenwe iintsalela zamathambo.
Babezinye zeentlobo zokuqala zezityalo zomhlaba ezaqala ukuvela, ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-300 yezigidi eyadlulayo, ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-50 ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe idayinaso. Unomdla, akunjalo?
Ke ukuba ubufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, apha unolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nalezi zityalo.