La ilethasa yamaroma Esi sesinye sezityalo ezitya imifuno eninzi kakhulu kwiigadi zeziqhamo nakwiimbiza zeentyatyambo. Ukugcinwa kwayo kulula kakhulu, kuba ayifuni kakhulu ukukhula kakuhle kwaye ivelise amagqabi asempilweni… kwaye amnandi 😉.
Ke ukuba ufuna ukwazi yonke into ngaye kunye neemfuno zakhe, sukuyeka ukufunda.
Imvelaphi kunye neempawu
I-lettuce yamaRomaine, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiromaine, cos, Italian, orejona okanye endive lettuce, yindidi yeetisi enegama layo lenzululwazi ILactuca sativa var. kudala. Kukholelwa ukuba iyinzalelwane yesiqithi saseGrisi iCos, yiyo loo nto elinye lamagama ayo, kwaye yaziswa kulo lonke elaseYurophu buBukhosi baseRoma ngexesha lokoyisa kwayo.
Ngumfuno wonyaka onamagqabi amade, abanzi kwaye omelele, aluhlaza ngombala.. Ikhula kubude obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-30, kunye nobubanzi obungu-30-35cm. Ngenxa yoku, kunye nokukhula kwayo ngokukhawuleza, kunomdla kakhulu ukukhula ngexesha elifanelekileyo lonyaka, kuba kwiinyanga nje ezintathu kukulungele ukuvunwa.
Ziintoni ezibakhathazayo?
Ukuba ufuna ukufunda indlela yokutyala le lettuce, sicebisa ukuba ulandele iingcebiso zethu:
Ubicación
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uku indawo enelanga. Kwimeko apho isentsimini yegadi yeziqhamo, kufuneka ushiye ukwahlukana malunga ne-40cm phakathi kweesampulu.
Umhlaba
- Isiziba semifuno: umhlaba kufuneka uchume, ube nomsele olungileyo (uya kufumana ulwazi ngalo mbandela kwi Oku kubhaliwe). Ukuba le unayo awunayo, yongeza ngaphambi kokutyala umaleko otyebileyo - malunga ne-10cm - womgquba ofanayo onjengeguano okanye umgquba weenkukhu, uze uwuxube nawo ngoncedo lwerototiller, okanye igaba ukuba incinci.
- Imbiza yeentyatyamboHlanganisa i-60% ye-mulch kunye ne-30% ye-perlite okanye efanayo (udongwe, udongwe lwentaba-mlilo, i-akadama, okanye njl.) kunye ne-10% ye-humus yomhlaba. Unokufumana eyokuqala apha, okwesibini ngu apha nowesithathu ngo esi sixhobo.
Unkcenkceshelo
Ilettuce yamaRomaine sisityalo esithi idinga amanzi amaninzi; hayi ukuya kwinqanaba lokufuna ukuba neengcambu zikhukule umphelo, kodwa kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele rhoqo. Kodwa ukuthintela iingxaki, kufuneka ujonge ukufuma komhlaba ngaphambi kokwenza nantoni na, ngakumbi ukuba uyathandabuza.
Ngale nto unokuzinceda ngemitha yokufuma yedijithali, eya kuthi ikuxelele kwangoko ukuba isamanzi na okanye hayi; okanye intonga ebhityileyo (ukuba iphuma nomhlaba omninzi iqhotyoshelwe, musa unkcenkceshela).
Ukuba uyayikhulisa egadini, okanye embizeni, cwangcisa inkqubo yakho yokunkcenkceshela yokunkcenkceshela ukuqala qho ngeentsuku ezingama-2-3 entwasahlobo kunye neentsuku eziyi-1-2 ehlotyeni.
Umbhalisi
Ngalo lonke ixesha lonyaka kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlawule ngayo Izichumisi zendalo, Usebenzisa ulwelo ukuba lubunjiwe ukuze umsele ulunge.
Ukuphindaphinda
Iphindaphindwa ngembewu entwasahlobo. Unokuhlwayela kwakhona ehlotyeni ukuba akukho ziqabaka kwindawo yakho okanye ukuba baqala ukubhalisa ebusika.
Inyathelo nenyathelo lokulandela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukugcwalisa itreyi yezithole (njenge yi) kunye ne-substrate yezithole (iyathengiswa apha).
- Emva koko, amanzi ngenkathalo, ewuzalisa wonke umhlaba kakuhle.
- Emva koko beka ubuninzi beembewu ezimbini kwisokethi nganye.
- Emva koko zigqume ngomaleko omncinci we-substrate, otyebileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba awunakusasazwa ngumoya.
- Okokugqibela, tshiza / tshiza umphezulu ngamanzi, kwaye ubeke itreyi yezithole ngaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo ukuba kusentwasahlobo okanye kumthunzi omnyama ukuba kusehlotyeni.
Ziza kuhluma malunga neeveki ezimbini ubuninzi. Ngokukhawuleza nje xa ubona iingcambu ziphuma kwimingxunya yokuhambisa amanzi, kuya kufuneka uzityale ezimbizeni okanye egadini.
Izinambuzane
Inokuhlaselwa koku kulandelayo:
- Abavukuzi
- Impukane emhlophe
- Imibungu eluhlaza
- Zintwala
- Umdaka omnyama
Zonke zinokulwa nomhlaba owahlulayo (unayo apha), isepha ye potassium (ukuba awukwazi ukuyifumana kwiindawo zokugcina abantwana, cofa), okanye isepha namanzi ukuba akukabikho monakalo mkhulu.
Izifo
Isemngciphekweni woku:
- I-anthracnose
- IBotrytis
- Ngumbungu
- I-Lettuce mosaic (isifo sentsholongwane)
- ISclerotinia
Zilwelwa ngezibulali ntsholongwane ezifana nobhedu okanye isalfure (ungazisebenzisi ehlotyeni, kuba esi sityalo besizakutshisa), ngaphandle kwentsholongwane ekukuphela kwonyango olunokwenzeka kukusika iindawo ezichaphazelekayo ulinde. Ngayiphi na imeko, banokuthintelwa ngokulawula umngcipheko.
Mhlophe
Ngaba uyayithanda iileta ezimhlophe okanye ezimhlophe? Kwityala, bopha amagqabi eromagi yakho yeroma kwiintsuku ezingama-4-5 ngaphambi kokuba uyitsale. Kodwa lumka: kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba nangona bezokungcamla ngcono, umxholo wabo we-vitamin D uya kuba sezantsi.
Ukuvuna
Ngokwesiqhelo ihlala ilungile kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, kodwa xa iimeko zokukhula zilungile (amaqondo obushushu afudumeleyo, unikezelo lwamanzi rhoqo kunye nomgquba) zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-20 inokuvunwa.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Musa ukumelana iqabaka. Yintoni enokwenziwa ukuze ulisebenzise kakuhle ixesha lonyaka, okanye ukuba ufuna i-lettuce yamaRoma ixesha elide, kukuhlwayela imbewu ebusika kwi-germinator (yifumane apha). Ke, xa imozulu iqala ukuphucula, uya kuba nemifuziselo esele ikhulile, ilungele ukufakelwa.
Isebenzisa ntoni?
ICulinario
Isetyenzisiwe njengesityalo sokulima amashumi amabini eminyaka. Namhlanje sesinye sezithako esizithandayo i saladi. Ixabiso lesondlo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Amanzi: 95%
- IiCarbohydrate: 1,5%
- Ifayibha: 1%
- Iiprotheni: 1,5%
- Iipilids: 0,3%
- Potassium: 180 mg / 100 g
- Isodiyam: 10 mg / 100 g
- Iphosphorus: 25 mg / 100 g
- I-calcium: 40 mg / 100 g
- Intsimbi: 1 mg / 100 g
- UVitamin C: 12 mg / 100 g
- Vitamin A: 0,2 mg / 100 g
Unyango
Inezinto ezinomdla kakhulu kwezonyango: iyanciphisa iswekile yegazi kwaye ilale, ivuselele amadlala okugaya, iyacoca kwaye iyahlaziya, kwaye ikwanjalo umhlaza.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iroma lettuce. Ndiyathemba ukuba iluncedo kuwe 🙂.