Kwibhayoloji, irhizome sisikhondo esingaphantsi komhlaba esinamahlumela amaninzi. Ezi ziqu zikhula ngokuthe tye, zikhupha iingcambu ezinengca kunye namahlumelo kwiindawo zazo ezahlukeneyo. Iirhizomes zisasazeka ngokungenasiphelo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iindawo ezindala ziyafa, kodwa amahlumela amatsha agubungela indawo enkulu minyaka le. Bakha amasebe ajiyileyo anamaqhuqhuva amafutshane. Kukho ababaleki imizekelo yeerhizomes enokusinceda ukuba sikuqonde ngcono konke oku.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela malunga nemizekelo ephambili ye-rhizomes kunye neempawu zabo eziphambili.
Imizekelo yeerhizomes kunye neempawu zazo
I-Rhizomes ithathwa njengeziqu eziphantsi komhlaba kunye ne-bulbs, ii-tubers, kunye ne-rhizomes. Iziqu ezingaphantsi komhlaba zigcina izondlo kwizikhondo zazo, ngoko ke zikwasebenza njengamalungu ogcino xa kuqalisa amaxesha onyaka anzima njengobusika.
Ngokutsho kokukhula kunye ne-branching, i-rhizomes ingahlelwa njenge-coaxial okanye i-uniaxial. I-Sympodial rhizomes zezo apho inxalenye nganye ihambelana nophuhliso lwe-axillary bud eqhubekayo. Umzekelo we-rhizome enjalo yiSansevieria kunye nePoaceae.
Kwimeko ye-monopodial rhizome, i-terminal buds yethu iyaqhubeka nokukhula ngokungenasiphelo njengerhizome. I-Axillary buds ivelisa amahlumela amatsha. Nje, sisityalo esihlaselayo okanye ukhula. I-rhizome yinkqubo yokuvelisa imifuno eqhelekileyo kwizityalo ezininzi ezifana neenyibiba kunye nejinja.
Iirhizomes zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamaqhekeza aqulethe i-buds kwaye zinokukhuliswa ngabanye. Izityalo ezineengcambu zikhula ixesha elide eziphulukana neendawo zazo zasemoyeni kwimozulu epholileyo, kodwa ziphila phantsi komhlaba ngenxa yokuba irhizomes yazo igcina izondlo zentwasahlobo elandelayo.
Ezinye izityalo ezineerhizomes ezingaphantsi komhlaba ziquka ijinja, ihops, kunye ne turmeric, ezaziwa ngeempawu zazo zonyango, ngokunjalo ukhula lwe-aleppo sorghum okanye i-johnson grass, i-bermudagrass kunye ne-coquito okanye i-cypero.
Ezinye izityalo zineentyatyambo ezikhula ngaphezu komhlaba, njengeenyibiba kunye neefern, ezineziqu ezidumbileyo zizirhizomes. Apho, i-rhizome yimodeli echazayo apho ukulungelelaniswa kweempawu akulandeli umgca we-hierarchical subordination, oko kukuthi, Inesiseko okanye ingcambu ebangela ukuba kubekho imilinganiselo emininzi, kwaye nayiphi na into engenelelayo inako ukuphembelela abanye.
Ukusebenza kwe-rhizomes
Umsebenzi oyintloko we-rhizomes kukugcina izondlo, kuquka i-carbohydrates kunye neeprotheni, de isityalo sifune ukuba sivelise amahlumela amatsha okanye siphile ebusika kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-vegetative reproduction.
Abalimi basebenzisa i-asexual reproduction ukusasaza izityalo ezinje ngeehops, ijinja, kunye neentlobo ezininzi zengca. Ezinye iirhizomes nazo ziyatyiwa okanye zisetyenziswe njenge-condiment, njengejinja kunye ne-turmeric.
I-Rhizomes yinkqubo yokuzala yemifuno eqhelekileyo kwizityalo ezininzi, ezifana ne-splendens, i-canna, i-calla, i-lily, kunye nejinja. Iirhizomes zingohlulwa zibe ziibhloko eziqulathe ubuncinci ihlumela elinye kwaye zinokutyalwa ngokwazo. I-Rhizomes inokohlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwesebe ezikulo.
Kwii-rhizomes, ukusabalalisa kufezekiswa ngokusika okanye ukwahlula i-rhizome ibe ngamacandelo, nganye inamandla okuvelisa amahlumela amatsha. Ekubeni i-rhizomes igcina isixa esikhulu sezondlo kunye ziqhelekile kwiingcambu ezizayo, akunzima ukuvelisa izityalo ezitsha.
Ilungu ngalinye elisusiweyo ukuze lisasazeke lidla ngokuba neentlobo ezininzi ze-internodes kwaye kufuneka libe nehluma lezityalo okanye i-meristem. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iindawo ze-rhizome zinokuthi zitshintshwe ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo oyifunayo.
Amagqabi kufuneka anqunyulwe emva kokutyala. Iirhizomes zahlula ngaphambi kokuba ixesha lokukhula liphele okanye liqale, oko kukuthi, ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, ekwindla, okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ukuba yahlulwe ekuqaleni kwehlobo, iindawo zerhizome ziya kuba neengcambu kwaye zimiselwe phambi kobusika.
imizekelo yeerhizomes
Izityalo ezivelisa i-rhizomes zihlala zihlala ixesha elide, ezibandakanya:
Ijinja
Yenye yezona zityalo zidumileyo zengcambu yentsapho yejinja ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo okuninzi kunye neempawu.
Ingca okanye ingca emhlophe
Ingca ineerhizome ezibhityileyo.
I-Cane evela kwii-Indies
Sisityalo esitshisayo, kwaye nangona sineerhizomes eziqhubayo uphuhliso kunye nokukhula kwayo, ukugcinwa kwayo kunye nokulondolozwa kufuna ingqalelo eninzi kunye nenkathalo.
Iintsimbi
I-Mint yenye yezona zityalo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwiimpawu zayo ezizodwa, iphunga kunye nencasa, ineerhizomes ezifana nejinja.
ULily
Iinyibiba zizityalo ezineengcambu ezishinyeneyo, ezinamagqabi ezivumela ukuba zikwazi ukuphila kumaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo kunye nobusika obuqhaqhazelis’ amazinyo.
Ukutywina kukaSolomon
Iphawulelwe ubukho beentyatyambo ezimhlophe ze-tubular. Ukukhula kunye nokukhula kwayo kufuna isixa esikhulu sezondlo, ngoko ke ubukho berhizomes buthanda ukufunxwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokusetyenzwa kwayo.
Uqalo
Zonke ii-bamboo zivelisa kwakhona ngeerhizomes kwaye zinomdla kakhulu egadini ukwenza imiqobo emakhayeni ethu esinika ukwahlukana, ukhuseleko okanye ubumfihlo obukhulu.
Umahluko phakathi kweRhizoid kunye neNgcambu
Irhizome sisakhiwo esifana neengcambu esikhoyo kwisiseko se-algae kwaye sisebenza ukubamba i-substrate endaweni. Ngokungafaniyo neengcambu ayisebenzi njengelungu eliphambili lokuthatha amanzi okanye izondlo. Okubalulekileyo, i-rhizomes ziyi-thread-like cellular structures ezikhoyo kwi-sporophytes ye-algae ethile, i-gametophytes, kunye nezityalo ezisezantsi ze-vascular.
Iingcambu ngamalungu ezityalo, ngokubanzi ngaphantsi komhlaba, ngaphandle kwamagqabi, kunye nemisebenzi yokufunxa, ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa; iirhizomes zizakhiwo ezinxulumene iingcambu ezifumaneka kwizityalo. I-Rhizomes ifumaneka kwifungi, i-bryophytes, kunye ne-ferns.
Imizimba yezityalo yefungi kunye ne-bryophytes ayibonakali ngokweengcambu, iziqu kunye namagqabi. Ubume kunye nomsebenzi we-rhizome kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nohlobo lwe-substrate. I-rhizomes yezinto eziphilayo ezihlala kwiindawo ezinodaka zihlala zine-branching enzima.
Kunoko, iirhizomes zezinto eziphilayo ezihlala kwisanti engaphantsi kuneentyantyambo kwaye zibhetyebhetye kakhulu., njengalezo zeepeni zolwandle, ezinokufaka umzimba wazo wonke kwi-substrate xa i-rhizomes iyancipha.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nemizekelo ephambili ye-rhizomes ekhoyo kunye neempawu zabo.