I-avokhado ngowona mthi weTropiki ulinywa kakhulu kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo. Ayisiyiyo kuphela iindidi ezinako ukumelana neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2ºC, kodwa ikwabonelela ngomthunzi ogqwesileyo., Iyaxatyiswa ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho amaqondo obushushu anyuka ngokulula ngaphezulu kweqondo lobushushu elingaphezu kwamashumi amathathu amaqondo obushushu ngehlobo.
Kodwa ukongeza, bavelisa isixa esikhulu seziqhamo, esoneleyo ukuba lonke usapho lusebenzise ixesha elithile. Kutheni ungayihlakuli? 😉
Iimpawu zeavocado
Umlinganiswa wethu ophambili, owaziwa ngegama lenzululwazi IPersea americana, kunye ne-avocado eqhelekileyo, iavokhado, iavokhado, i-abacate, ukugwetywa okanye iavokhado, ngumthi osoloko uluhlaza okholelwa ukuba uvela kwiphondo lase Puebla, eMexico. Ikhula ukuya kubude beemitha ezingama-30. Isithsaba saso sixinene, kwaye sinokufikelela kububanzi obungu-6-7m.. Amagqabi ayatshintshana, aqokelelwe, aluhlaza oqaqambileyo, kunye no-10-15cm ubude.
Iintyatyambo zincinci, zimhlophe. Imazi kunye nendoda ayivuli ngexesha elinye, ethintela ukuzichumisa. Ngesi sizathu, Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ube nemizekelo eliqela eneentyatyambo ezifanayo, kuba ngale ndlela uya kufumana isivuno esihle kakhulu.
Nje ukuba zifumane ipoleni, iziqhamo ziqala ukuvuthwa, nto leyo iba yidrupe enkulu emthubi-luhlaza okanye bomvu-bumdaka, ilinganisa i-8 ukuya kwi-18cm ubude. Ubume bayo buyi-ovoid okanye i-globose, kwaye ngaphakathi kukho imbewu ye-globular 5 ukuya kwi-6 cm ubude.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zePersea americana ziyaziwa, oku kulandelayo kulula ukufumana:
- ettinger: ivela kwaSirayeli. Isiqhamo siluhlaza.
- Yomelele: lolona luxhaphakileyo. Imvelaphi yayo ise California, kwaye ivelisa iziqhamo ezinamachaphaza aluhlaza avuthwa ebusika.
- intiyo: Imvelaphi yaseCalifornia. Ivelisa iziqhamo ezimnyama ngasekupheleni kwexesha (ukuwa kade / ekuqaleni kobusika).
Uzikhathalela njani?
Ukuba ungathanda ukufumana ikopi enye okanye ezingaphezulu, landela ingcebiso yethu 🙂:
Ubicación
Beka umthi wakho kwindawo apho ufumana khona ilanga ngqo, kumgama omncinci we-10m kuso nasiphi na isityalo eside.
Umgangatho
Umhlaba okanye umhlaba wegadi kufanele ukuba ibe kukukhanya, inzulu, kunye nomsele olungileyo (apha unolwazi oluthe kratya kwesi sihloko), kunye ne-pH engathathi hlangothi okanye encinci (5,5 ukuya ku-7).
Umgama phakathi kwezityalo kwigadi yeziqhamo kufuneka ubuncinci ube ziimitha ezisibhozo, kucetyiswa ukuba ubengu-8m.
Unkcenkceshelo
Unkcenkceshelo kufuneka rhoqo, kuba ayimelani nembalela. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni liza kunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezi-2-3, kwaye unyaka uphela zonke iintsuku ezi-5-6. Sebenzisa amanzi emvula ukwenza oku, okanye amanzi ngaphandle kwekalika. Ukuba awukwazi ukuyifumana, ungakhathazeki. Kuya kwanela ukugcwalisa i-emele ngamanzi, mayiphumle ubusuku bonke, kwaye ngomso uyisebenzisele ukunkcenkceshela.
Umbhalisi
Ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhula, kwaye ungumthi oneziqhamo ezidliwayo, kufuneka ihlawulwe kusetyenziswa iimveliso zendalo, njengeguano okanye umgquba, ukubeka umaleko obungqindilili oyi-2-3cm ujikeleze umboko kanye ngenyanga.
Ukuba isityalo sincinci, unokukhetha ukusebenzisa izichumisi ezingamanzi, iguano icetyiswa ngakumbi ngokusebenza kwayo ngokukhawuleza. Ewe kufuneka ulandele imiyalelo echazwe kwiphakheji ukunqanda umngcipheko wokudlula.
Ixesha lokutyala
Elona xesha lilungileyo lokuyichitha kwigadi yeziqhamo okanye egadini yile en primavera, xa amaqondo obushushu eqala ukunyuka ngaphezu kwe-10ºC.
Ukuthena
Kuphela ngamasebe akhula kufutshane emhlabeni, amasebe abuthathaka kunye nezigulo kufuneka asuswe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukuvuna
Ukususela kwiminyaka emihlanu (ukusuka ekuhlwayeleni) ungaqala ukuqokelela iziqhamo zayo.
Ukuphindaphinda
I-avokhado iphindaphindwe ngembewu nangokumilisela entwasahlobo. Masibone ukuba ungaqhubeka njani kwimeko nganye:
Imbewu
- Into yokuqala yokwenza kukufumana isiqhamo esitsha seavokhado, kwaye usitye 🙂.
- Emva koko, kufuneka ucoce imbewu ngamanzi, kakuhle.
- Ngoku, kufuneka uyihlwayele ebhedini ene vermiculite, eyi-substrate ethi, ukongeza ekubeni nomsele olungileyo, uhlala ufumile ixesha elide, oya kuthi uncede imbewu ihlume. Kufuneka kungcwatywe kancinci, kungenjalo ayizukuhluma.
- Nciphisa isulfure okanye ubhedu kumphezulu we-substrate. Oku kuyakuthintela ukungunda kungonakalisi.
- Okokugqibela, amanzi.
Ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, ngenyanga iya kuqala ukuthatha ingcambu.
Imisebenzi yobugcisa
I-avocado inokumiliselwa kwiPersea indica (Viñátigo canario) kwaye, ewe, kwiPersea americana. Iindidi zegrafti ezenziweyo zezi zikwimo ye »T». Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka ulandele eli nyathelo ngenyathelo:
- Xa isiqu se-master plant silinganisa ubuncinci i-1cm ubukhulu, i-bevel cut iyenziwa nge-10cm ukuphakama kwaye inyangwe ngefungicide.
- Ngoku, isebe eliza kumiliselwa lingeniswa kusiko.
- Emva koko iqhotyoshelwe kwi-tape okanye kwi-graf raffia.
Izinambuzane
- Izigcawu ezibomvu: Zizilwanyana ezincinci ezakhiwe njengesigcawu esibomvu esiluka iiwebhu zaso phakathi kwamagqabi. Ungamelana nayo ngokuxuba ii-clove ezi-2 zegalikhi, ii-2 chillies kunye nesiqingatha se-anyanisi, usike yonke into kakuhle kwaye uyihluze kwaye emva koko uthambe lo mxube kwiilitha ezintathu zamanzi.
- Amagqabi omsonto ngumbundu onombala omdaka ophungulwa yimibungu emagqabini, nto leyo ibangele umonakalo omkhulu kwisityalo. Ungayinyanga nge-Bacillus thuringiensis, eyintsholongwane eyondla ngeentshulube.
Izifo
- Ingcambu yokubola: Kubangelwa kukufuma okugqithileyo, nokuba kungade unkcenkceshele kakhulu kunye / okanye kukungabikho kwamanzi emhlabeni. Unkcenkceshelo kufuneka luqelelaniswe kwaye isityalo siphathwe ngesicwangcisi sokubulala ukungunda.
- Umbungu: Yinto yokungunda engena kwizicwili zamagqabi, iziqu kunye neziqhamo, zibangela ukukhubazeka. Ikwanyangwa nangefungicides yenkqubo.
- Isifo seFusarium: sisifo sokungunda esenziwa kukungunda kohlobo lweFusarium. Ichaphazela ingcambu kwaye isasazeke kwisityalo sonke ngesiqu, apho uhlobo lomgubo omhlophe luya kubonakala. Amaxesha amaninzi xa ifunyenwe igqithile ixesha, kodwa inokuthintelwa ngokulawula ukunkcenkceshela nokunyanga isityalo amaxesha ngamaxesha ngesibulali ukungunda.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
La IPersea americana idla ngokuba ngumthi uvakalelo kwingqele. Nangona kunjalo, iindidi zeHass kunye neFuerte zingakhuliselwa ngaphandle kwiindawo apho iqondo lobushushu lehla liye kwi -2ºC okwexeshana.
Ngaba iavokhado ingakhuliswa embizeni?
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, ayisosityalo esinokugcinwa embizeni ubomi bonke. Kuza ixesha apho uyakufuna ukuba semhlabeni.
Nangona kunjalo, inokukhuliswa embizeni iminyaka eliqela ukuba usebenzisa indawo ekhulayo yendawo yonke exutywe ne-30% ye-perlite, kwaye uyitshintshele rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini.
Usebenzisela ntoni?
I-avocado ngumthi osetyenziswa njengesihombiso, kodwa ikwanokusetyenziswa okunomdla:
Inkcubeko
Isiqhamo, ngenxa yencasa yaso esimnandi, idibanisa kakuhle kunye nezitya ezahlukeneyo zemifuno, njengeesaladi. Ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Amanzi: 70%
- Iiprotheni: 1,5%
- Iipilids: 22%
- IiCarbohydrate: 6%
- Vitamin A: 40mg / 100g
- Vitamin B1: 0,09 / 100g
- Vitamin B2: 0,12mg / 100g
- Vitamin B6: 0,5mg / 100g
- Vitamin E: 3,2mg / 100g
- Vitamin C: 17mg / 100g
- Potassium: 400mg / 100g
Amayeza
Yinto antioxidant, elibazisa ukuguga, Ikhusela kwizifo kunye nentliziyo, kwaye kuphelisa iintlungu. Ekuphela kwezinto ezimbi esinokuthi kukuba, ngenxa yomxholo onamafutha aphezulu, akukhuthazwa ukuba uyisebenzise emva kokutya, ngakumbi ukuba asiqheliseli ukwenza imidlalo rhoqo.
Kwaye oku sigqibile. Ucinga ntoni nge-avokhado?
Molo, ilungile le foto iphuma kwigqabi le-avocado elingaphantsi libonakala ngathi ligungxula, ungatsho ukuba yeyiphi i-fungus kuba isuselwe kwaye ndingayilwa njani enkosi
Molo uFrancisco.
Ngumngundo. Iifungi zihlala zivela xa uphuphuma amanzi okanye ukufuma kuphezulu kakhulu.
Kuyaliwa ngefungicides.
A ubingelele.
Nceda, andiqondi kakuhle ukuba ungasuka kanjani emhadini weavokhado kunye nengcambu uye kumhlaba oqinisekileyo. ENKOSI.
ENKOSI! Indincede kakhulu kwisayensi yam yendalo, apha ndafumana phantse wonke umsebenzi wam wasekhaya =)
Ndinezityalo ezi-2 zeavokhado kwingingqi yeGreater Buenos Aires, enye yazo ingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25 ubudala, ndiyifumene kwimbewu, yayimalunga neminyaka eli-10 ngembiza, ngoku malunga ne-15 emhlabeni, kulo nyaka nje, yaqala ukuqhakaza i-approx. inyanga, kodwa amagqabi atyheli kwaye ayawa, andazi ukuba iyakuvelisa i-frse maintain
Kwakhona kuluhlaza, kufutshane malunga neemitha ezintathu esinye isityalo esifunyenwe kwimbewu, esihlwayelwe ngqo emhlabeni, simalunga neminyaka eli-3 ubudala, asikaze sidubule nokuba amagqabi ahlala eluhlaza. Ukulandela imiyalelo kwi-Intanethi, ndenza ukusika kwexolo kubo bobabini emva koko kwavalwa, ngocingo, ndirhola amanye amasebe, ndabeka iihormoni zeentyatyambo, njengoko benditshilo ngentla, eyona inkulu ukudubula okokuqala, kodwa amagqabi ajika abe tyheli kwaye ayawa, nceda, ndiyayixabisa impendulo
Molo Aldo.
Ngaba ukhe wajonga ukuba banezibetho na? Ubahambisa rhoqo kangakanani?
Ukuwa kwamagqabi kunokubangelwa zombini ikholoni yezinambuzane eziyonakalisayo, kunye nokugqithisa okanye ukungabikho konkcenkceshelo.
Ukuba, umzekelo, kutshanje kunethe kakhulu kunokuba bekuyimfuneko kwindawo yakho, kwaye bekunzima emhlabeni ukufunxa amanzi amaninzi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba imithi yakho ihlupheke ngenxa yoko.
Ingcebiso yam: jonga ukuba unazo na izitshabalalisi, kwaye ukuba kunjalo unganyanga ngazo umhlaba owomileyo o isepha ye potassium. Ukuba zibonakala zilungile, jonga umhlaba: wemba umngxunya-omncinci- malunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ecaleni kweavokhado; ukuba kufume kakhulu, uya kubona ukuba umbala womhlaba umnyama kunalowo umphezulu.
Kungacetyiswa kwakhona, ukuba awukenzi njalo, chumisa umhlaba ngawo Izichumisi zendalo: guano, umgquba, iintshulube. Ngale ndlela izityalo ziya kukhula zomelele kwaye zibe sempilweni.
Nibuliso!
Ngaphezulu kwenyanga ephelileyo ndibeke imingxunya okanye iimbewu kwiglasi yamanzi kunye nezinto zokucoca amazinyo kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku INGXAKI AYIBONAKALI KANYE NENDAWO YEMOZULU AYIVULEKANGA, ithatha ixesha elingakanani
Sawubona, uJosé Luis.
Ukuba imbewu iyasebenza, kungathatha iinyanga ezi-2-3 ukuba ihlume.
Sukuba nexhala lokuba xa ihamba kakuhle, iya kukhula ingcambu.
Ukubulisa
Molo, ndinomthi ononyaka ubudala ukusuka kwimbewu, kwaye ndixelelwe ukuba ukuba andifaki kumthi weavokhado omdala awuzukuvelisa iavokhado. Ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba yinyani na.
Molo Dolores.
Ewe ichanekile. Nangona enye indlela kukuthenga enye iavokhado, kodwa kubalulekile kuqala ukwazi ukuba eyakho yindoda okanye ibhinqa. Kwaye inokwaziwa kuphela xa idubula.
Ukubulisa
Ndinesityalo esityalwe ebhodweni (iintsuku ezili-10) kwaye amagqabi aso aqala ukubola, njengoko ekhomba phantsi, kuyinto eqhelekileyo? Ngaba unamanzi amaninzi? Ncnci kakhulu? Singena entwasahlobo eArgentina, ke ndiyaqikelela ukuba ixesha lilungile. Umbala wamagqabi uluhlaza oqinileyo, othanda ukuba bomvu-bumdaka kwiingcebiso.
Molo Santiaguito.
Ngokomgaqo, ewe, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba amagqabi awe kancinci. Kodwa ukuze ndikuphendule, kufuneka ndazi ukuba uyinkcenkceshela kangaphi kwaye kanjani. Kubalulekile ukongeza amanzi de umhlaba umanzi kakuhle ngalo lonke ixesha usomile okanye uphantse womile, kodwa ukuba unepleyiti phantsi kwawo, kuya kufuneka ususe amanzi agqithisileyo.
Ukubulisa
Molo, imbewu yeavokhado yahluma kwaye kunyaka ophelileyo ndayidlulisela embizeni (encinci), inamagqabi angcwele kodwa isiqu sayo sibhityile, kungoko kufuneka ndiyityale embizeni enkulu ecaleni kwenye imbewu ehlumayo? yokuhombisa kodwa ndifuna ukuzikhuthaza ukuze ndibone ukuba ingakhula na kwaye ekugqibeleni ivelise iziqhamo (ndiyazi ukuba ithatha iminyaka) enkosi
Molo uGimena.
Ukuze isiqu sayo sikhule sityebile, kufuneka usityale emhlabeni (leyo iya kuba yeyona ilungileyo), okanye embizeni enkulu (kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kakhulu: ukuba le unayo ngoku iyi-10cm ubukhulu, ungayityalela (17cm okanye 20cm ubuninzi).
Nibuliso!