Umthi wekhokho, umthi wekhokhi

Umthi wom-oki ngomnye wemithi esinokuyibona kakhulu kumabala obushushu nakwiigadi kwihlabathi liphela.. Ubungangamsha bayo bokuba ibonelele ngomthunzi okonwatyiswayo ngokungathi bubuncwane.

Ukongeza, ukugcinwa nokunyanyekelwa kwayo akunzima; ke ukuba asinamava amaninzi ngezityalo, okanye ukuba asinalo ixesha elininzi lokuzinikela, lo mthi ulungile. Apha sixelela ukuba kutheni.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

I-oki ye-cork, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngumthi we-cork, umthi omfutshane, i-palomeras acorn, umnqwazi, i-sofrero, i-suro okanye iguqulwe, ngumthi ohlala uluhlaza okwemvelo kummandla osentshona weMeditera. Awona mahlathi abalulekileyo e-oki eSpain ngala aseLos Alcornocales Natural Park eCádiz, kunye ne-Extremadura, Girona (Catalonia), Espadán (Castellón), Salamanca, Ávila kunye neZamora.

Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu I-Quercus suber y ibonakaliswe ngokufikelela kubude obunga-15-20 yeemitha. Yenza isithsaba esibanzi kakhulu, esiziimitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-6, sinamagqabi alinganisa i-4 ukuya kwi-7cm ubude, enekona okanye efanjisiweyo, eziluhlaza mnyama kwicala elingasentla kwaye zikhaphukhaphu ngaphantsi.

Ientyatyambo entwasahlobo. I-catkins yamadoda ine-4 ukuya kwi-8cm ubude kwaye ivela ngokwamaqela; iintyatyambo zamabhinqa zihlala zibonakala zodwa. Isiqhamo sisi-2 ukuya kwi-4,5cm ubude esinokuthatha unyaka ukuba sikhule.

Njengomdla, kufuneka kuthiwe Unobomi obulindelekileyo ukuya kwiminyaka engama-250.

Uzikhathalela njani?

Ukuba ufuna ukufumana ikopi, sicebisa ukuba unike ezi nkathalo zilandelayo:

sezulu

Ngaphambi kokufumana nasiphi na isityalo kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukuba yeyiphi na imozulu. Ngale ndlela siphepha ukuchitha imali ngokungeyomfuneko. Kwimeko yomthi we-oki, ingaphila ngaphandle kwengxaki kwiindawo apho ihlobo lishushu kakhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kuma-40ºC) okoko nje iqondo lobushushu lehla ngezantsi kuka-0º ebusika kwaye unamanzi amaninzi.

Ubicación

Ukuze ube nokukhula kakuhle kunye nokukhula Kuyimfuneko ukuyibeka ngaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo. Inokuthi ibe semthunzini omncinci, kodwa kufuneka ibe nokukhanya okungaphezulu kunomthunzi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufuneka ityalwe kude nomhlaba, imibhobho nezinye kuba ingumthi omkhulu ofuna indawo enkulu. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufanele ukuba ibe kumgama omncinci we-7 yeemitha ukusuka ngasentla.

Unkcenkceshelo

Ngexesha lasehlotyeni kufuneka unkcenkceshele rhoqo, rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezingama-2-3; unyaka wonke, kube kanye ngeveki kuya kwanela.

Umhlaba

• JadiniI-asidi encinci (pH 5 ukuya ku-6), ityebile kwizinto eziphilayo.
• Imbiza yeentyatyambo: Ayisosityalo esinaso embizeni, kodwa kwiminyaka yayo yokuqala yobomi inokulinywa apho. I-substrate inokuba yeyona ndawo bayithengisayo umzekelo apha.

Umbhalisi

Ukususela entwasahlobo ukuya ehlotyeni kufuneka ihlawulwe ngezichumisi zendalo, ezinje iguano (ungayithenga apha). Kuya kwanela ukubeka umaleko malunga ne-2-5cm (iya kuxhomekeka kulutsha lwe-specimen kunye nobukhulu bayo) ejikeleze umboko.

Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha

Ngentwasahlobo, xa umngcipheko weqabaka udlulile. Kwimeko yokuyifumana embizeni, kuya kufuneka iphindwe ityalwe rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini kwaye ityalwe egadini ngokukhawuleza (xa inobude obuphantsi be-30-40cm).

Ukuphindaphinda

I-oki ye-cork iphindaphindwe ngembewu, ekufuneka ibotshelelwe kwifriji kangangeenyanga ezintathu emva koko ityalwe ezimbizeni. Indlela yokuqhubeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Ukucwangciswa

1. Kuqala i-tupperware igcwele i-vermiculite (ungayithenga apha) ifumile ngamanzi.
2. Okwesibini, imbewu iyangcwatywa ukuze igqunywe ngevermiculite.
3. Okwesithathu, isalfure engumgubo iyafefa ukuthintela ukungunda kunye nokutshizwa ngamanzi.
4. Okwesine, ibekwa efrijini (hayi kwisikhenkcezisi).
5. Okwesihlanu, kanye ngeveki isiciko kufuneka sivulwe ukuvuselela umoya kwaye, ngelishwa, ukujonga ukuba ivermiculite ayipheli ukufuma.

Ukuhlwayela

1. Emva kweenyanga ezintathu, ibhedi yembewu (imbiza, iiglasi zeyogathi, izikhongozeli zobisi, ...) ezinemingxunya yokuhambisa amanzi kufuneka igcwaliswe yinkqutyana yenkcubeko.
2. Iimbewu ke zibekwa ngaphezulu kwaye zigqunywe nge-substrate. Kule nyathelo kubalulekile ukunqanda ukubeka amalungu amaninzi kuba kungenjalo sinokuba neengxaki kamva. Ukufumana umbono wokuba zingaphi na ezifanelekileyo, kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba akufuneki ubeke ngaphezulu kwesithathu ukuba ibhedi yembewu imalunga ne-10-15cm ububanzi.
3. Emva koko, ufefe ngobhedu okanye isalfure.
4. Okokugqibela, iyankcenkceshelwa.

Ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle, kwiinyanga ezi-1-2 baya kuhluma eyokuqala.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Inqanda ukubanda kunye neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -12ºC.

Ngaba inokusebenza njengebhonsai?

Ewe kunjalo. Ngumthi, nangona unokukhula kancinci, amagqabi awo ngubungakanani obulungele ukusetyenziswa njengebhonsai. Unonophelo ekufuneka lubonelelwe zezi:

• Ubicación: ilanga elipheleleyo.
• Inkqutyana: 100% akadama (ungayithenga apha) ezixutywe ne-30% kiryuzuna (ungayithenga nge apha).
• Umbhalisi: ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ngesichumiso esithile sebhonsai, kulandela imiyalelo echazwe kwiphakheji (ungayithenga apha).
• Iifayile-Ilingana kakuhle ngokuthe tye ngokusesikweni kunye nesimbo sehlathi.
• Ukuthena: ebusika okanye ekwindla. Amasebe akhula kakhulu makasikwe, kunye nezo zinqumlayo kunye nezo zikhula ziye phambili (zibheke kuthi).
• Ukutshintshwa: yonke iminyaka emi-2-3, entwasahlobo.

Isebenzisa ntoni?

Umhlobiso

Ngumthi onexabiso eliphezulu lokuhombisa. Ukuthwala kwayo, ubungangamsha bayo, umthunzi omangalisayo eyiphosayo ... iyamangalisa. Umthendeleko wamehlo, kunye nesizathu esifanelekileyo sokuzonwabisa ngaphandle.

abanye

• Ikhokho: Kukusetyenziswa kwayo okuphambili. Isikhokho esenziwe esiqwini sisetyenziselwa ukwenza ukusuka kwizithinteli ukuya kumalaphu.
• Madera: isetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo.

Njengoko sele sibonile, umthi we-oki ngumthi oneempawu ezinomdla kakhulu ezingenakuhoywa. Kwaye loo nto ayithethi ukuba ayisiyiyo enye yezi zityalo zinzima zinika iintloko, hayi. Ukuba ne-Quercus suber ebaleni okanye njenge-bonsai kungaphezu kwesizathu esaneleyo sokonwaba, kuba nayo ayizukuthatha xesha lide.

Kwaye wena, ubucinga ntoni?