I-melon ekrakra Luhlobo losapho lwecucurbit oluvela kwilizwe lakudala. Ineentlobo ezingama-45 eAfrika nezintlanu eAsia. Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu UMomordica charantia Kwaye yaziwa ngamanye amagama aqhelekileyo njenge cundeamor, ibhalsam, catajera kunye ampalayá. Kule nqaku siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into enxulumene nesi siqhamo. Ukusuka kwiimpawu zayo eziphambili ukuya kwindlela ekhuliswa ngayo.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngayo? Kufuneka uqhubeke ufunda 🙂
Iimpawu eziphambili
Sithetha ngohlobo lwesityalo esine-monoecious kunye ne-herbaceous ekhula rhoqo ngonyaka. Kuyakhwela kwaye akufikeleli ngaphezulu kweemitha ezi-5 ukuphakama. Ineziqu ezinde ezinde nezinamasebe ukuze zikwazi ukunyuka indawo apho ifuna khona. Ihlala isasazeka kwiindawo apho ezo zifuna ukukhanya ngakumbi okanye ukufuma. Yindlela yokuphila kunye nokwanda ngendlela efanelekileyo. Iziqu zinamathenda.
Ngokubhekisele kumagqabi awo, angoluhlobo olulula kwaye anezincinci ezintle. Zibhalwe-lobed-patted shape kunye ne-7 velvety lobes. Imida yamagqabi ihlala icociwe kwaye inombala oluhlaza omnyama. Ubungakanani bamagqabi amadala aphakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-8 cm ubude.
Iintyatyambo zimthubi kwaye zinecorolla enamagqabi amahlanu. Ecaleni kweepalali sinokubona i-bract enkulu. Ukwahlula phakathi kweentyatyambo zesilisa nezomfazi sijonga kwi-stamens. Iintyatyambo ezingamadoda zine-stamens ezi-3 kwaye zibonakala zodwa.. Banokwenza amaqela amancinci kwi-peduncle encinci ebhityileyo. Ii-sepals zimfutshane ngobude kunye ne-pubescent.
Kwelinye icala, iintyatyambo zamabhinqa zine-ovary engaphantsi eneempawu ezintathu. Bahlala bebonakala bebodwa kwaye benemigca egudileyo. Isiqhamo sisiqhamo esine-speridium esinobume be-ovoid kunye nobude obususela kwi-3 kuye kwi-6 cm. Ngaphantsi kwesi siqhamo sinokufumana umbala otyheli okanye orenji kunye nepetiole ekhazimlayo.
Xa sihlwayela i-melon ekrakra, sinokwenza njalo ngombala wayo obomvu, o-oblong olinganise i-12 mm ubude kunye ne-6 mm ububanzi.
Izinto eziyimfuneko kulimo lwayo
Esi sityalo sifuna iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo esiza kukhankanya nganye nganye ukuzihlalutya kakuhle. Imozulu efunekayo ukuze ikhule yindawo yetropiki okanye efudumeleyo apho ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye ilinywe unyaka wonke.
Imfuno yokuqala yeyokuba umhlaba unomoya opholileyo nolungileyo kunye nomhlaba ovundileyo, omabini anesanti nodongwe. Ngokufanelekileyo, nokuba umhlaba ubumanzi kangakanani, kufuneka ubenomoya opholileyo kunye nomsele (jonga Iindidi zomhlaba). Imihlaba yodongwe zezo ziphantsi kwemida ethile ngenxa yokunqongophala komoya. Oku kwenza ukuba iingcambu zingakwazi ukukhula ngokupheleleyo. Into engafanele kuvunyelwa kukuxinana kwamanzi, kuba izakusibulala isityalo ngexesha elifutshane.
Ngokumalunga ne-alkalinity, inokunyamezela amanqanaba e-pH phakathi ko-5,5 kunye no-7,5. Owona mgangatho uphezulu uphakathi kwesi-6 nesi-7. Ziyafuneka ngokwemiqathango yezondlo zomhlaba. Kungcono ukuba umhlaba utyebile kwi-humus.
Imfuneko yesibini bubushushu. Le yeyemozulu. Ngaphambi kokuba sikhankanye ukuba ifuna imozulu yetropiki kunye neetropiki apho amaqondo obushushu ajikeleza phakathi kwama-25 nama-30 degrees. Ngale ndlela siya kuba sithanda ukuhluma nokukhula koluhlu. Amaqondo obushushu ahlala ehla engaphantsi kwama-25 degrees okanye adlule kuma-30 aqala ukuthintela ukukhula kunye nokukhula, kunye nokuthintela ukudubula kweentyatyambo kuqale ukusebenza.
Ukuba amaqondo obushushu atshintsha rhoqo, iziqhamo aziyi kuba neempawu zazo ze-organoleptic phantsi kweemeko. Ziyafuneka ngokwasemoyeni kunye nokufuma komhlaba. Lumka, ukufuma emhlabeni akuthethi ukuba izaliswe ngamanzi okanye izele ngamanzi. Akufuneki silibale ukuba umoya ubethwa ngumoya kunye nokuhambisa amanzi njengeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso lwesityalo.
Ukulima imelon
Siqala ukucacisa malunga nokulinywa kwayo. Into yokuqala kukuba kuhlwayelwa njani. Singayihlwayela imelon ekrakra ngeendlela ezimbini, ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokufakelwa. Ukuze siyenze ngobuchule bokuqala, siya kufuna iimbewu ezimbini kumngxunya ngamnye. Oku kuyakusenza ukuba ekugqibeleni sishiye isityalo esikhula kakuhle kwaye siya kuba nakho ukufumana iisampulu ezilungileyo.
Kuqala kufuneka siyinkcenkceshele yonke imihla ebhedini, kanye ekuseni nasemva kwemini de siyibone intshula. Kungalo mzuzu apho kufuneka sinciphise ukunkcenkceshela ixesha eli-1 ngeveki.
Ukutyala kwakhona, kufuneka uqaphele ukuba isityalo sinamagqabi amane okwenyani. Kuyimfuneko ukuzama ukuba nomgama phakathi kwesityalo kunye nesityalo seemitha ezimbini ezinesiqingatha. Kungcono ukusebenzisa isakhelo esimalunga neemitha ezintathu phakathi komgca kunye no-4 phakathi kwesityalo. Ngaloo ndlela Singaba nobuninzi bezityalo ezingama-6000 kwihektare nganye. Oku ukuba sifuna ukuvelisa kwinqanaba elikhulu.
Malunga nokuchumisa, Inye kufuneka yenziwe kwiintsuku ezi-6 emva kokufakelwa kwaye emva kweentsuku ezili-15 ukuba sizibeka ngendlela ethe ngqo yokuhlwayela. Igalelo lezichumisi kufuneka lidityaniswe nenkqubo yokuchumisa kwefoliar. Ngale ndlela sinokuba nokusebenza okungcono. Ukusetyenziswa kwezi zonke iintsuku ezili-10 ukusuka kwiveki yokuqala yokufakelwa kwakhona kwaye kamva siyisebenzisa rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-6.
Unonophelo oluyimfuneko nolondolozo
Ngoku siqhubela phambili kulondolozo oludinga i-melon. Ukugcina isityalo kakuhle kwaye usinyanzele ukuba sibe neziqu eziyimfuneko kuphela kwimveliso, kufuneka kwenziwe izihlahla. Iqukethe kuphela ngokuthe ngcembe ukuphelisa amahlumela avela ngezantsi hayi ngaphezulu. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, sinokususa amagqabi nezifo ezingafunekiyo.
Ukunkcenkceshela singasebenzisa iindlela zedriphu kunye nomxhuzulane. Zombini zifanelekile. Ukuba sifuna ukusebenzisa amandla omxhuzulane, kuya kufuneka kwenziwe kanye emva kokufakelwa. Ngale ndlela siya kuthintela ilahleko ngenxa yomphunga.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngezi ngcebiso ungakhula imelon ekrakra.