izifo zamaqunube

Isityalo ngasinye lihlabathi. Ukuze siziqonde size sizihlakulele, simele sizazi iintswelo zazo nezinto ezikhethayo. Xa imifuno inyanyekelwa kakuhle, oko kubonakala kwinkangeleko yayo nakwimveliso yeentyatyambo neziqhamo zayo. Kwimeko ye-blackberries, kubalulekile ukubonelela ngeemfuno ezithile kunye ukwazi ukuchonga kunye nokunyanga izifo ezahlukeneyo zamaqunube ukuvuna iziqhamo zawo.

Kweli nqaku siza kuchaza ukuba yeyiphi imithi ye-mulberry, zeziphi ezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo kunye nezifo ezichaphazelayo kunye nendlela yokunyamekela. Ukuba ucinga ngokukhulisa le mifuno, ungalibazisi ukuqhubeka ufunda.

Yintoni i-mulberry?

Ngaphambi kokuba sithethe ngezifo zamaqunube, makhe siqale sicacise ukuba yintoni le mifuno. Ngumthi ovuthulukayo waseMntla Melika, eAsia nase Afrika. Iyinxalenye ye-genus morus y Ilinywa ikakhulu ngenxa yeziqhamo zayo, amaqunube, kodwa kunye nokuhombisa iigadi kunye namabhoma.

Las ibholabhola zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye inokufikelela kubude obufikelela kwi-15 yeemitha. Ngokuphathelele amagqabi esi sityalo, alula kwaye atshintshana kwaye anemiphetho enqamlekileyo. Iintyatyambo zayo ziqokelelwa ngokubanzi ngokwezikhonkwane kwaye azifani nesini. Ngokuphathelele iziqhamo zemithi yamaqunube, ezi zidla ngokuba nobude obuphakathi kweesentimitha ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.

Njengoko kulindelekile, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze morus. Ezona zidumileyo zezi zilandelayo:

• UMorus nigra (amaqunube amnyama): Inzalelwane kumazantsi ntshona Asia. Ithambile ngakumbi kunezinye iintlobo, kodwa ikwalinywa kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba iziqhamo zayo ziswiti kwaye zinevumba elimnandi kunezo zamanye amaqunube, kwaye zineempawu ezininzi.
• morus alba (amaqunube amhlophe): Inzalelwane yaseMpuma Asia. Lolona didi luxhathisayo kwiimozulu ezahlukeneyo nakwizinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo. Nangona kunjalo, iziqhamo zalo mthi azidli ngokutyiwa, njengoko zingenancasa. Ubukhulu becala ihlakulelwa amagqabi ayo, kuba ityisa iintshulube zesilika.
• morus rubra (i-mulberry ebomvu): Ivela kwimpuma yoMntla Melika. Njengohlobo lwangaphambili, lo nalo luyamelana kakuhle kakhulu nemozulu eyahlukileyo. Umthi walo mthi udla ngokusetyenziselwa ukwenza ifenitshala, ngelixa iziqhamo zithandwa kakhulu kwi-gastronomy.

Izinambuzane zamaqunube kunye nezifo

Njengazo zonke izityalo, i-mulberry nayo inokubandezeleka kwii-pathologies ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo yintwala kunye ne- mealybugs. Zombini ziyacaphukisa kwaye zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuba asenzaki ngexesha. Maninzi amayeza asekhaya kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane eziya kusinceda ukulwa nezi zinambuzane.

Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi, unokufunda amanqaku malunga indlela yokuphelisa i-aphid nge-fairy y Ungayisusa njani i-mealybugs kwizityalo. Kodwa eyona nto inomdla kuthi ngoku kukwazi ezona zifo zixhaphakileyo zamaqunube.

ukubola kweengcambu

Okokuqala kukho ukubola kweengcambu. Sisifo sokungunda esihlasela ngokuthe ngqo iingcambu. Njengoko kudla ngokuba njalo xa kuziwa kwifungi, ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala xa amanqanaba okufuma aphezulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke, Ukugqithiswa kokunkcenkceshela kunokuba yimbangela yokubonakala kwesi sifo. Ngenxa yoko, iingcambu ziyabola kwaye zingakwazi ukuhambisa izondlo namanzi ukuya kwesinye isityalo.

Yintoni esinokuyenza ukuba umthi wethu wamaqunube uyachaphazeleka? Isisombululo kuphela kukufaka isicelo fungicides. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isifo sihamba phambili kakhulu, asiyi kukwazi ukugcina isityalo.

Ingqele

Esinye sezona zifo zixhaphakileyo zamaqunube yicanker, okanye icanker. Kwakhona kwimvelaphi yefungal, le pathology ichaphazela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zesityalo. Nangona kunjalo, siyakwazi ukwahlula esi sifo ngoku ukubonakala kwamabala afana nokutshisa kwi-bark. La mabala akholisa ukuba mnyama kwaye abonakala kwezona ndawo zinzima. Ngaphambi kokuba uvele, amagqabi omthi wamaqunube ayabuna.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Iitanki okanye iChancros kwigadi

Ukulwa ne-canker kunye nokugcina umthi wethu we-blackberry, kungcono ukuba Sika yonke indawo echaphazelekayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba sisebenzise izixhobo zokubulala iintsholongwane kwaye emva koko sisebenzise intlama yokuphilisa kwiindawo ezisikiweyo. Kufuneka kwakhona sisebenzise isibulali ntsholongwane sokungunda ukukhusela sonke isityalo.

Mycosphaerella

Xa sithetha ngazo Mycosphaerella, sibhekisela kuhlobo lomngundo oluhlasela izityalo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka umthi wamaqunube. Ibangela ukubonakala koluhlu lwamabala emagqabini. Zincinci ngokobukhulu kwaye umbala wazo uyahluka ukusuka kumdaka ukuya kumhlophe. Ngenxa yoko, amagqabi akakwazi ukwenza iphotosynthesize ichaphazela kakubi isityalo kunye nemveliso yaso.

Njengakwimeko yangaphambili, ukuthena iindawo ezichaphazelekayo kunye nokusebenzisa imichiza yokungunda sesona sisombululo. Kuzo zonke izifo zamaqunube, okukhona sizibhaqa ngokukhawuleza kwaye siqale unyango, kokukhona sinethuba elingcono lokuphinda sifumane umthi wamaqunube.

Intsini

I-Gummosis sesinye sezifo ze-mulberry eziqhelekileyo. Le pathology ibonakaliswa ngokukhutshwa kwencindi kwi-trunk. Le ncindi i-amber ngombala kwaye ifana netshungama. Ummandla ochaphazelekayo uyaqhekeka, ngoko ke imifuno iphetha ngokulahlekelwa yinxalenye yexolo.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Ungayinyanga njani i-gummosis?

Unyango lwe-gummosis lubandakanya ukukrazula indawo echaphazelekayo kuze kufike kwimithi ephilileyo. Apho kufuneka sifake isicelo umxube wekalika kunye nesulfure ukukhusela isityalo kumonakalo ongaphezulu kwaye usincede siphilise.

Indlela yokunyamekela umthi we-blackberry?

Ngokucacileyo kufuneka siqaphele ukuba izityalo zethu azikhathazwa zizinambuzane, izifo okanye umngundo. Ukuzama ukuthintela into ukuba ingenzeki kubo, eyona nto ingcono sinokuyenza babonelele ngalo lonke ukhathalelo abaludingayo. Oku kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvela kwezifo zamaqunube. Makhe sibone indlela yokunyamekela umthi we-blackberry:

• Indawo: Umthi we-blackberry kufuneka ubekwe elangeni elipheleleyo. Ukongezelela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyityale ubuncinane iimitha ezintlanu ukusuka kuso nasiphi na isakhiwo okanye ukwakhiwa, ukuphepha iingxaki. Umhlaba kufuneka ube nokukhupha amanzi kakuhle.
• Ubushushu: Imithi yamaqunube ingaxhathisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi -18ºC. Nangona kunjalo, azikwazi ukuphila kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu, ngaphandle kweqabaka.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Nangona kuyinyani ukuba imithi yamaqunube ayifuni manzi maninzi, kubalulekile ukuyinkcenkceshela nokugcina umhlaba ufumile. Kungcono ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo ngeentsuku ezi-4-5, kwaye ehlotyeni malunga nama-4 okanye ama-5 ngeveki.
• Umbhalisi: Xa zifuna kakhulu ukutya, kusehlotyeni nasentlakohlaza. Kufuneka sichumise imithi yamaqunube rhoqo kula maxesha onyaka amabini onyaka. Kungcono ukudibanisa izichumisi ezahlukeneyo zendalo ngenyanga.
• Ukuprintwa: Ngokuphathelele ukuthenwa komthi we-blackberry, oku kufuneka kwenziwe ekupheleni kobusika. Ngokusisiseko imalunga nokususa onke loo masebe abuthathaka, omileyo okanye agulayo.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Uyenza nini kwaye nini iMulberry?

Ukwazi okuncinci malunga nokunyamekelwa kunye nezifo zomthi we-mulberry, kutheni ungawutyali kwigadi yethu okanye kwigadi? Ukuba uthanda olu hlobo lwamaqunube, ndincoma ukuba ujonge kweli nqaku indlela yokukhulisa amaqunube egadini.