Imithi yeWalnut yimithi exhaphakileyo evuthulukayo kulo lonke elaseYurophu, nangona ikwafumaneka naseAsia. Zinezinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo, kwizilwanyana zasekhaya nakubantu, kuba zinika umthunzi omninzi, ukutya kuba iziqhamo zazo zityiwa, kwaye ifenitshala ekumgangatho ophezulu yenziwe ngamaplanga ngenxa yokuxhathisa okukhulu ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane.
Kwaye ndifuna ukuthetha nawe ngokuchanekileyo ngezantsi: ezo zinambuzane ze-pathogenic kunye ne-microorganisms ezinokuthi, ngexesha elithile, zingabangela iingxaki. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye izifo zemithi ye-walnut kwaye ziphathwa njani?
Ziziphi izifo zemithi ye-walnut?
Ekubeni sisityalo esixhathisa kakhulu, sinokuba nezifo ezimbalwa kakhulu. Ezi zibonakalisa xa impilo yomthi ibuthathaka ngenxa yesizathu esithile, mhlawumbi ngenxa yamanzi amaninzi kwiingcambu zawo, ukushisa okugqithisileyo okanye ngenxa yokuba igawulwe ngesixhobo ngaphandle kokubulala iintsholongwane, umzekelo. Zezi zilandelayo:
I-anthracnose
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / Jerzy Opioła
La kwinto okanye i-canker sisifo sokungunda esibangelwa yimingundo eyahlukeneyo ye-pathogenic. Kwimeko ye-walnut, eyona nto ibangela ukuba I-Gnomonia leptostyla. Ngaba yenza ukuba amagqabi, amasebe kunye neziqhamo zibe namachokoza amdaka angqukuva. Kuya kufuneka ulumke kancinci, kuba ezi ndawo ziqala zincinci kakhulu, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha ziba zikhulu.
Njengoninzi lwefungi, iGnomonia Ithandwa yindawo efudumeleyo enomoya wokufuma ongaphezulu kwama-90%. Ngesi sizathu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kugalelwe isibulali ntsholongwane sokungunda kwianthracnose (efana ne enye, eyingxowa enye ye-750ml yamanzi) entwasahlobo njengothintelo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukuba iimpawu zivele.
IBacteriosis
Umfanekiso – Flickr/Hermes Almond
Isibetho se-walnut emnyama okanye i-bacteriosis, njengoko igama layo libonisa, ibangelwa ibhaktheriya ye-pathogenic. Kwimeko ethile ye-walnut kufuneka sithethe nge Xanthomonas arboricola, uhlobo lwebhaktheriya olubangela ukuba amagqabi abe namabala amnyama amancinci, anamafutha, eneziko elimthubi. Ngamanye amaxesha, ikwachaphazela iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo.
Sisifo eso inokuvela ngakumbi emva kweemvula, naxa amaqondo obushushu asepholile. Ngelishwa, akukho unyango: ngokukhawuleza ukuba umthi ubonise iimpawu zokuqala, iindawo ezichaphazelekayo kufuneka zisuswe.
Zeziphi izinambuzane ezinokuba nazo?
El IiJuglans zerali Ngumthi weziqhamo okuvuyisayo ukukhula, kuba kunqabile ukuba ugule okanye uhlaselwa zizinambuzane. Kodwa asinakuze silibale ukuba sisidalwa esiphilayo, kwaye ngenxa yoko sinokugula ukuba iimeko zenza buthathaka. Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukwazi izitshabalalisi ezinokukuchaphazela:
inkuni
Umfanekiso – Flickr/Camponotus Vagus
Intlaka yeenkuni, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-borer, sisinambuzane esinokubangela ingxaki enkulu kwimithi yeehikori. Zombini i-drill etyheli (UZeuzera pyrina) njengobomvu (ICossus cossus) eyabani imibungu igrumba iigalari kumasebe. Oku kubangela ukuba amagqabi abune ngokukhawuleza njengoko ephelelwa kukutya.
Iimpawu zivela ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kwaye phantse rhoqo kwindawo ephezulu yecanopy yomthi.. Kubalulekile ukuba umthi we-walnut uphathwe ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-insecticide ephelisa i-borers, njenge enye eyimvulophu yeelitha ezili-12 zamanzi, ukuze ingaqhubeki nokuphulukana namagqabi.
carpocapsa
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / Olei
La carpocapsa, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi UCydia pomonella, linundu elithi, kwisigaba salo sombungu, tshabalalisa iziqhamo ngokuzondla ngezi. Ukongeza, umngxuma kubo unokuhlukaniswa ngokulula.
Ukuphepha ukuphulukana nesivuno, unyango nge-anti-caterpillar zinambuzane, ezifana enye, Ukususela kumzuzu wokuqala apho iziqhamo ziqala ukukhula kunye nezinambuzane ezithile.
Inyangwa njani i-walnut?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka siyenzile nanini na sifumana umthi we-walnut obonakala umbi qaphela ingxaki, ekubeni ukuba unayo nayiphi na inkathazo okanye isifo kuya kufuneka siyiphathe ngemveliso efanelekileyo ye-phytosanitary. Kodwa ngaphandle koko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ikhathalelwe kakuhle; oko kukuthi, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho manzi okanye izondlo; Ngoku, ngaphandle kokuhamba ngokugqithiseleyo, kuba ukuba kunkcenkceshelwa yonke imihla, umzekelo, kwaye amaqondo okushisa athambileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba iingcambu ziya kuqala ukufa ngenxa yobuninzi bomswakama womhlaba.
Kodwa ... kusekho okungakumbi. Ukuba sifuna ukuba namandla ongezelelweyo ukoyisa ngcono isifo okanye isibetho ngexesha elifutshane, sincoma ukuyiphatha nge-biostimulant engamanzi kwizityalo, njenge Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo. Le yimveliso eya kunceda ukhuseleko lwakho ukuba lomelele, ngoko kunokwenzeka ukuba uya kuchacha ngaphandle kwengxaki enkulu.
Emva kokuba iimpawu zinyamalale, kuya kuba kuhle kakhulu ukuchumisa i-walnut ngesichumisi esityebileyo kwezondlo, ezifana ne-guano, ezinokuvela kumalulwane okanye kwiintaka zolwandle, kodwa leyo nangayiphi na imeko yenye yezona zichumiso zendalo ezicetyiswayo kakhulu ukuba izityalo zikhule zisempilweni. ungayithenga apha.
Ke, umthi wakho we-walnut uya kuba mhle kwakhona, ngokuqinisekileyo.