Isihloko esinomdla nesintsokothileyo ngaxeshanye ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo yile Imigca ephantsi. Kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zokulima kwisityalo ngasinye, kunye neemeko zemozulu ezikhoyo kwindawo nganye, ziya kufuna ukutya okanye okunye. Oku kuya kufuneka kuncede iingcambu zabo ukuze zikhule kakuhle, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kuya kubangela ukukhula kwezityalo kulungile.
Kule mihla igadi ineentlobo ezininzi zezinto ezikhulayo, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba igadi ye-neophyte, nditsho nabo sele bekwilizwe elinomdla lokulima igadi kangangeminyaka, banamathandabuzo malunga nokubonelela ngezona zityalo. . Kubo bonke, oku kuyahamba Isikhokelo se-substrate ukuba sinethemba lokuba iluncedo kuwe.
Yintoni i-substrate?
Ngaphambi kokungena ngokupheleleyo kumxholo osondeleyo, kuyafuneka ukuba sazi ukuba sithetha ntoni xa sithetha ngombala ongaphantsi. Ewe, i-substrate yi-a izinto eziqinileyo, ze-organic, izimbiwa, okanye intsalela yemvelaphi, esebenza njenge-ankile kwisityalo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukucoceka, oko kukuthi, ukusebenzisa uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-substrate, okanye ukuxuba ezininzi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba le nto, okanye iseti yezixhobo, unokungenelela okanye angangeneleli kwinkqubo yesondlo zezityalo.
Propiedades
I-substrate elungileyo iya kuba yile, njengoko besitshilo, iya kuthi incede isityalo ukuba sikhule ngamandla ngaphandle kwengxaki. Kodwa, Yeyiphi iipropathi ekufuneka ibenayo ukuzalisekisa lo msebenzi?
Inyani yile yokuba iya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwiimeko ezikhulayo, kodwa ngokubanzi kuya kufuneka sikhethe enye:
- Ukunyameka: leyo inokungena iya kuba yileyo ingahlaliyo kakhulu ngamasuntswana aqinileyo. Izityalo zinobuzaza bokunkcenkceshela, ngaphandle kwasemanzini, yiyo loo nto befuna i-substrate engenalo utyekelo lokudibana, kuba kungenjalo iingcambu zabo ziya kufuthaniseka.
- Ukuchuma: xa sithetha nge-substrate echumileyo, sithetha ukuba inezakha mzimba ezinokufunxwa yingcambu. Ngale nto engqondweni, zonke izityalo ngaphandle kwezidliwayo ziyakwenza kakuhle kumhlaba ochumileyo.
- endalo: Ingavakala ingaqhelekanga, kuba zonke ii-substrates zithathwa kwiplanethi, kodwa i-substrate yendalo yinto ekungekho nto yenziwe kuyo. Nangona izichumisi zemichiza ziya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukuchumisa igadi yethu, kwindalo izityalo zinayo yonke into eziyifunayo, kungenxa yeso sizathu ke kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe imveliso yendalo kunye ne-ecological, kubandakanya ne-substrates. Ngale ndlela, siya kuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo asiphosi nantoni na.
Zeziphi iintlobo zemiyalezo emincinci esinokuyifumana?
Kwiivenkile neevenkile zegadi sifumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemiyalezo engaphantsi: zixutywe, zingadityaniswanga ... Zivela phi kwaye ziziphi iimpawu zazo eziphambili?
akadama
La Akadama Sisiseko esisezantsi esifanelekileyo se-bonsai, engeniswe eJapan. Kwimvelaphi yentaba-mlilo, olu dongwe luyimbumba luyakwazi ukugcina ukufuma okufanelekileyo kwezityalo, into eyenza ukuba iingcambu zisoloko zinomoya ophucukileyo kwaye zinokuphuhla ngokuchanekileyo. Njengoko ine-pH engathathi hlangothi, inokusetyenziswa icocekile okanye ixutywe nezinye izinto ezingaphantsi.
Ungayithenga apha.
kanuma
La kanuma Yisiqwenga somhlaba esithunyelwa ngaphandle sisuka eJapan, sisetyenziselwa ngokubanzi ukulima izityalo zeasidiophilic, ezinje ngeazaleas okanye hydrangeas. Ivela kwintsalela yentaba-mlilo egqabhukileyo yommandla waseKanuma. I-pH yayo isezantsi, iphakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-5, kwaye inombala omhle otyheli.
Yifumane apha.
kiryuzuna
La kiryuzuna Inemvelaphi yezimbiwa, kwaye ibunjwe ngamatye e-volcanic ebolileyo. Ine-pH phakathi ko-6 no-5, kunye nomxholo wentsimbi ophezulu. Ukongeza, inomgangatho obalaseleyo ongaboliyo.
Yithenge apha.
Umsele
El mulch sisiqhekeza sendalo esinokuyifumana kwigadi zethu. Ewe, ewe, kunjalo: inokwenziwa ekhaya, kuba yenziwe ngamanxuwa ezityalo ezibolileyo. Kuxhomekeke kubume bokwakheka, kunye nemozulu, iya kuba nombala omdaka ngakumbi okanye mnyama. Igcina ukufuma ixesha elide, ukongeza izityalo ziya kufumana kuyo zonke izondlo eziyifunayo ukuze zikhule.
Pearlite
La perlite yinto ekhuthazwayo kakhulu ngenxa yokunyaniseka kwayo. Nangona inomdla kuthi, yiglasi yentaba-mlilo enomxholo wamanzi aphezulu. Kubizwa njalo, ukuba kuyabonwa ngemicroscope, zinokubonwa njengeeperile ngaphakathi.
Yifumane ngokunqakraza apha.
nja-
La Peat Yeyona substrate isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizityalo. Yenziwa njengoko ubutyobo bezityalo kwiindawo ezinemigxobhozo zibola. Zimbini iintlobo: i-peat emnyama kunye ne-blonde peat.
- Ipeat emnyama: iifom kwiindawo eziphantsi. Banombala omdaka mnyama ngenxa yokuba iintsalela zikwimeko ehambileyo yokubola. Bane-pH phakathi ko-7 no-5.
- Ipeat ebomvu: iifom kwiindawo eziphakamileyo. Anombala omdaka ngombala, kwaye ane-pH phakathi ko-3 no-4.
Zombini zinamandla amakhulu okugcina amanzi, kodwa kwimozulu eyomileyo neshushu zinokubumbana kakhulu.
Fumana i-peat emnyama apha kunye neblonde ye apha.
IVermiculite
La vermiculite Yinto yezimbiwa ethi xa ifudunyezwe ityhafise kwaye inyuse umthamo. Inomthamo omkhulu wokufunxa.
Ndibeka owuphi umhlathana kwizityalo zam?
Njengoko uhlobo ngalunye lwesityalo lufuna isiseko esinye okanye esinye, masibone zeziphi ezona zicetyiswayo kuxhomekeke kwisityalo esifuna ukukhula kuso:
Imithi kunye namatyholo
Los imithi namatyholo Zizityalo ezithi, ngokuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi yazo, zikhule ngcono kwezinye iziqwengana okanye kwezinye. Yiyo loo nto:
- Imithi eneAcidophilic kunye namatyholo: kubo akukho nto ibhetele kunokusebenzisa i-70% akadama (yithenge aphakunye neepesenti ezingama-30 zepeat ezimhlophe (Yifumane). Olunye ukhetho, umzekelo, i-50% ye-blat peat, i-30% ye-perlite kunye ne-20% ye-mulch.
- Imithi yeMeditera kunye namatyholo: ezi ntlobo zezityalo zikulungele ukumelana nembalela, ke ngoko siza kusebenzisa ii-substrates ezine-pH ephezulu (phakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-7), njenge-70% ye-peat emnyama exutywe ne-30% ye-perlite. Okanye umgangatho osemgangathweni osezantsi, njenge enye.
- Imithi kunye namatyholo ahlala kwiindawo ezinemvula ephezulu: ezi ntlobo zezityalo zifuna ukufuma okuphezulu, ke i-substrate esiyibeka kuzo kufuneka ikwazi ukugcina amanzi. Ke, siya kusebenzisa i-peat emnyama (60%), esiya kuyidibanisa nevermiculite (30%) kunye neperlite encinci (iyathengiswa apha).
Bonsai
Los bonsai yimithi (okanye izihlahla) ezigcinwa kwiitreyi ezine-substrate encinci. Xa siqalisa umsebenzi wokusebenza komthi ukuwuguqula ube ngumsebenzi wobugcisa, eyona nto inomdla kuthi kukuba isiqu sawo siyakhula. Ukulungiselela le nto, kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe i-substrate evumela ukuba iingcambu zikwazi ukungena emoyeni ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa oko kunokunceda isityalo ukuba sifumane imilo.
Ke, eyona nto icetyiswayo iya kuba akadama exutywe nekiryuzuna (70% kunye ne-30% ngokwahlukeneyo), okanye ixutywe ne-kanuma (iyathengiswa apha) ukuba luhlobo lweasidiophilus. Kwakhona, ukuba ukhetha, ungasebenzisa i-substrate ethile ye-bonsai, njengaleyo bayithengisayo Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo.
Icactus kunye nezityalo ezimnandi
Los icactus kunye nesucculents Bahlala kumhlaba oyisanti, ke eyona substrate efanelekileyo kubo iya kuba yeyokuququzelela ukuhambisa amanzi ngokukhawuleza nangokupheleleyo, kuba bekwanazo neengxaki zokufuma okungaphezulu.
Ngale nto engqondweni, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuxutywe I-50% ye-vermiculite ene-40% ye-peat emnyama kunye ne-10% ye-perlite. Lo mxube uya kusinceda nathi kwiibhedi zembewu. Enye into esebenzayo ngokulinganayo ngumhlaba wecactus esele bawuthengisile ulungisiwe, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ube kumgangatho ophezulu. Ke ngoko, sicebisa ukuba bathengise apha.
Izityalo ze-Acidophilic
Las izityalo acidophilicNjengeemephu zaseJapan, iicamellias, iihydrangeas, kunye nezinye, zifuna i-substrate enameva kakhulu, kodwa kwangaxeshanye igcine inqanaba elithile lokufuma. Ngokukodwa ukuba sinolu hlobo lwezityalo kwiindawo zemozulu ezibathintela ekubeni babe nokukhula kwesiqhelo, oko kukuthi, bakwindawo apho amaqondo obushushu agqithise kakhulu (zombini ubuncinci kunye nobukhulu) kubo, kubalulekile ukukhetha ukutya kwezi zityalo kakuhle.
Ngelixa uzakufumana ii-substrates esele zenziwe (ezinje nge enye), Oku kuya kuba kuhle kuthi kuphela ukuba imozulu yethu ilungile kubo. Ngaphandle koko, kuya kufuneka sisebenzise, umzekelo, akadama kunye nekiryuzuna (70 kunye nama-30% ngokwahlukeneyo), ngale ndlela siza kuba nesiqinisekiso sempumelelo yokukhulisa ezi zityalo kwiindawo ezinobunzima ukuze zikwazi ukuphila.
Iiplanga
Las iintende Zizityalo ezingaqhelekanga, ezihombise kakhulu, ezinako ukunika olo cingo langaphandle kuwo nawuphi na umyezo. Nangona kunjalo, kwinqanaba lolutsha kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba zikhuliswe kwiimbiza. Kodwa ... kweyiphi i-substrate?
Ngokwenyani singasebenzisa iindawo ezilinganayo zepeat emnyama kunye ne-perlite, kodwa kuba sizama ukunika izityalo zethu ezona zilungileyo, Umxube olungileyo uya kuba nesigcina-kufuma (Yifumane apha) kunye ne-perlite 50%. Kukwacetyiswa kakhulu ukongeza umaleko wokuqala we-akadama ngaphakathi kwembiza ukwenza ukuba amanzi agqobhoze ngokulula.
Izityalo zegadi kunye neentyatyambo
Wethu izityalo zegadi kunye neentyatyambo banombulelo ongazenzisiyo, kangangokuba abayi kusicela ukuba senze ingxaki enkulu ngokujonga eyona substrate yabo.
Ngapha koko, ukuba sidibanisa i-80% ye-peat emnyama ne-10% ye-pelite kunye ne-10% ye-mulch, siza kufumana izithole ezisempilweni kunye nokukhula okungaqhelekanga. Ukuba ujonge enye indlela, lo mxube ulungisiweyo we-substrate yegadi yasezidolophini onokuyithenga uya kuyenza. apha.
Izityalo zokutya
Las izityalo ezidla inyamaNjengoko ziye zavela, ziye zaqhelana neemeko ezimangalisayo. Kwilizwe apho zikhula khona, ezihlala zifumile, akukho zinongo, ngenxa yoko kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba bajonge ukutya kwabo ngokuguqula amagqabi abo ade abe Uninzi lwemigibe yendalo eyenzileyo.
Ngale nto engqondweni, siya kusebenzisa Ipeat yendalo blonde Ukuqinisekisa ukuba banako konke ukufuma abayifunayo kwaye, ukuba siyafuna, siza kuyidibanisa ne-perlite encinci ukukhusela iingcambu ekubeni neengxaki zokunkcenkceshela. Ungathenga nokulungiselela ukusebenzisa i-substrate yezinto ezitya inyama, ezinje nge enye.
Njengoko sibona, umba wecandelwana ubaluleke kakhulu. Ke ngoko, sinethemba lokuba esi sikhokelo iyasebenza kuwe Ukuze ukhethe ezona zilungele izityalo zakho, kwaye zinokubonakala zintle.
Inqaku elihle Monica, ndiyaqala kwaye ngalo lonke ixesha ndifunda iimpapasho zakho ndifunda enye into, enkosi !!! Uzuko
Ndiyabulela kakhulu ngamazwi akho, Gloria 🙂
molo, malunga ne-akadama, ndikhe ndabona kumatye e-sicila e-volcano etna kukho ubukhulu obahlukeneyo, ngaba le akadama okanye nje u-akadama uvela eJapan? ngokubhekisele
Molo Efraul.
I-akadama esetyenziselwa ibhonsai kunye nezinye izityalo ivela eJapan.
A ubingelele.
Molo ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba ngaba ikhona enye indlela yokufumana izondlo kwipeat ecoliweyo.
Imuchas Gracias
Molo Tomas.
Hayi, ayinakwenzeka kwinqanaba lasekhaya (kwilabhoratri yekhemistri, mhlawumbi kunokuba njalo). Izakha-mzimba ziyinto enjalo, kodwa zincinci kangangokuba azinakuphumelela.
Nibuliso!
Gqibezela inqaku lakho Monica, ndiyavuyisana nawe!
Enkosi kakhulu, Miguel Angel 🙂
Ngaba i-akadama ibonakalisiwe kwii-orchids? NdineeCymbidiums ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwaye ndifuna ukuzitshintsha ndicoce yonke into "pocho" okanye efileyo!
Ukuba akunjalo, yeyiphi into ekufuneka ndiyibekile, yeyiphi eyona ilungileyo?
Molo, Martha.
Ungasebenzisa akadama ngaphandle kweengxaki. Iphosakele kakhulu kwaye izakugcina iingcambu zikwimo entle.
A ubingelele.
Molo molo emva kwemini Monica
Ungandixelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwee-substrates eziyimfuneko kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zembewu, ndibala, iCitrus, iMaple, iPine, iPomegranate, iChirimollas Eccetera
Kwelinye icala ngokufanayo kodwa ngeStakes
Ndiyabulela kwangaphambili
H. Alonso
Molo uHermogenes Alonso.
Iimephu zifuna umhlaba oneasidi (pH 4 ukuya ku-6), ezinye zingatyalwa kwimihlathana ene-pH 6 ukuya kwi-7.
Kuyafana nakwizibonda.
A ubingelele.
Inokuba yeyiphi i-substrate efanelekileyo ye-cannabis? Enkosi
Sawubona Roberto.
Umxube olungileyo ngokweengcali kulinywa kwesi sityalo zezi zilandelayo: 40% ye-peat emnyama + 20% yefayibha yekhokhonathi + 20% ye-perlite + 10% ye-vermiculite + 10% ye-humus humus.
A ubingelele.
Mholo. Ndiphinde ndatshala ispathiphylium ngenye imini ndabeka umjelo wamanzi ndathenga i-substrate embizeni, kodwa kubonakala ngathi yeyomdaka.Iqhelekile.Ngaba kungenxa ye-substrate? Amagqabi abuthathaka.ungandinceda?
Molo Lupe.
Ingaba uyinkcenkceshela kangaphi? Ukuba unepleyiti ngaphantsi kwayo okanye embizeni engenamingxunya, kunokwenzeka ukuba inzima ngenxa yamanzi agqithisileyo.
Sicebisa ukuba ubonane neyakho ficha ukubona ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kuye.
Ukubulisa
Molo Monica, inqaku elisemagqabini, ndinombuzo othile, kwii-tulips, leliphi elona candelo lililo okanye umxube kwimozulu yolwandle, chiloe?
Molweni eHarmony.
Ungasebenzisa indawo yokukhula yendalo iphela, kodwa ndincoma ukuba uyixube kwiindawo ezilinganayo nesanti yasemlanjeni ehlanjiweyo ngaphambili, iibhola zodongwe olwandisiweyo lwezityalo okanye ezifanayo (ipomex, iperlite, akadama).
A ubingelele.
Qaphela impikiswano
I-kiryuzuna inemvelaphi yezimbiwa, kwaye ibunjwe ngamatye e-volcanic ebolileyo. Ine-pH phakathi ko-6 no-5, kunye nomxholo wentsimbi ophezulu. Ukongeza, inomgangatho obalaseleyo ongaboliyo.
Sawubona, uJuan.
Nge "khomponi" yokuqala wayethetha ukuba yenziwe ngegrabile yentaba-mlilo.
A ubingelele.
Molo Monica: Ndinomdla wokukhulisa i-Fuchsias, kuba ndiyabathanda kakhulu kwaye ngenxa yomcimbi onomdla, bendingena kumcimbi wokusasazeka kwabo emva kokuhamba ngevumba elimnandi nelinencasa. Ndikhangele ulwazi ngesihloko onika izimvo kakuhle apha, ndiyifumene le, ingcaciso yakho. Igalelo elingenakulinganiswa elininzi kwiinkcukacha kunye nokucacisa iingcamango esinomdla kuzo neophytes ukuqhubeka nathi, ngubani onenkani ophikelela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ekufezekiseni into ethile yinto eqhelekileyo. Ukufundela kuwe kwakumnandi, ngenxa yobutyebi bokubhala kwakho, ukucaca kunye nokulula kokuqonda umba ngamnye oxoxwe apho uphuculwa ngumzobo osetyenzisiweyo. Oko kwenza kube lula kuthi kungekuphela nje ukubona umahluko phakathi kweesahlulo ezahlukeneyo kodwa siqonde nokuba kutheni ziluncedo kwiimfuno zesityalo ngasinye. Enkosi, ngothando
Ndiyabulela kakhulu Jako ngamazwi akho.
Kuhlala kumnandi ukubhala malunga nezityalo, kwaye ngakumbi xa ubhala ukuxelela ukuba kuluncedo 🙂
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga ne-fuchsias, ndiyakushiya esi sixhobo. Ngapha koko, ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, qhagamshelana nathi.
Nibuliso!
Ulwazi olucacisiweyo lunomdla kakhulu .. enkosi kakhulu!
Enkosi ngamazwi akho, Nancy 🙂
Molo Monica, ndinezityalo ezininzi endingakhange ndikwazi ukuzibandakanya kulo mboniso
Umzekelo, i-lavender, xa ndiyithenga ndiyigqithisela embizeni enkulu, ndiyayinkcenkceshela kwaye ndibone ukuba iyakhama, kodwa umhlaba ugcina ukufuma uze uwele emhlabeni, usweleke kamva. Kutshanje ndithenge obunye ubuso obubizwa ngokuba lihashe, kwaye sele libolile kwiiveki ezimbini ngokulinkcenkceshela kube kanye kuphela xa kutyaliwe kwaye kumanzi
Ndithenge i-carnation kodwa ikhule kancinci, kwaye amagqabi ajika abe mhlophe mhlophe
Phendula nge quote
Enkosi ngesikhokelo, sigqibe kakhulu!
Enkosi ngokuma uze uphawule, Asher.
Molo Monica. Yeyiphi i-substrate ondicebisa ngayo izithole ezivela kwimbewu yeHibiscus? Ke xa ukufakelwa kuya kufana? Enkosi.
Molo uSatxa.
Kwibhedi yembewu ndincoma ifayibha yekhokhonathi, okanye i-substrate yendalo yeentyatyambo okanye uphawu lweFertiberia.
Xa bekhula, eyokuqala ayisayi kuba luncedo kubo kuba iphantse ayinazondlo; endaweni yoko enye ewe.
Ukubulisa
Inqaku elilungileyo kodwa andicingi ukuba ndiyibonile i-substrate efanelekileyo yee-succulents?
Ndifuna ukuvelisa kwakhona eyam (i-francesco baldi) kwaye andiqinisekanga ukuba ngowuphi umxube oza kuwusebenzisa.
Molo Lary.
Kucetyiswa ukuxuba i-vermiculite engama-50% kunye ne-40% ye-peat emnyama ne-10% ye-perlite.
Nibuliso!