Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba uyifumana njani imibala emininzi kangaka kumalaphu? Nangona iidayi zokwenziwa zisetyenziswa namhlanje, Umntu waqala ukusebenzisa iintyatyambo ukunika umbala kumalaphu. Okwangoku, uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ekuthiwa zezokudaya izityalo zisasetyenziswa kwinqanaba lasekhaya nakwindalo: Izityalo zilungele ukudaya amalaphu.
Ukuba unomdla kwisifundo kwaye ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngale mifuno inomdla, ndincoma ukuba uqhubeke nokufunda eli nqaku. Ngaphandle kokunikezela ngolwazi ngalo mbandela, siza kuthetha nangemizekelo ethile yezidayi, ezifana nojongilanga.
Yintoni izityalo zedayi?
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, ukudaya izityalo kunokusetyenziselwa ukudayisa amalaphu, nangona zihlala zinayo neminye imisebenzi. Zithathwa njengenxalenye yeli qela Zonke iintlobo zezityalo ezinemilinganiselo ephezulu yokufaka imibala, Njengee-phenolic alcohol, ii-flavonoids, iitannins okanye ii-anthraquinones, kwilungu elinye okanye ezahlukeneyo.
Ezi ntlobo zezityalo zeza zisasazeka kwiNdlela eyaziwayo yeSilika. Emva kokufunyanwa kweMelika, imibala engeniswe kwilizwe elitsha yongezwa. oko kwakungekho ngaphambili eYurophu. Le nto inomdla, njengoko imibala inokuthi ichonge abantu kunye neenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ii-pigment zezityalo zihlala ikakhulu kwiziqhamo okanye iintyatyambo zezityalo. Nangona kunjalo, banokufumaneka kwizikhondo, amagqabi, iingcambu, amaxolo, imbewu, okanye iirhizomes. Kuxhomekeka kwindidi, indawo yesityalo enezinto ezininzi ezisebenzayo iyahluka. Zonke izityalo zokudaya zinenxalenye enye ebalulekileyo xa kusenziwa idayi yendalo. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba sisityalo sonke sinokusetyenziswa.
Umbala uthatyathwa njani kwizityalo?
Idayi ngokubanzi ikhutshwa kwizityalo zokudaya nge-decoction emanzini. Kuxhomekeka kwiqela lombala, kuvela imibala eyahlukeneyo. Le yimizekelo yemibala esinokuyifumana ngokombala:
- Iorenji kunye notyheli zivela kwi-carotenoids.
- I-Anthocyanins ibomvu ebomvu okanye iblue.
- Ngokubhekisele kwii-flavonoids, ziba bomvu, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ziithoni ze-violet.
Nangona kunjalo Uninzi lwee-pigment kufuneka luqhotyoshelwe kwimicu ngokusebenzisa i-mordants, kukho ezinye ezinokuncanyathiselwa ngokuthe ngqo kumalaphu ngokuntywilisela ilaphu kunye nesityalo emanzini ashushu. Iimpawu zemichiza ezinokuthi zibe zezendalo okanye ezingaphiliyo. Phakathi kwazo kukho i-urea, iitannins, ialum kunye nesinyithi.
Zeziphi iintyatyambo ezisetyenziselwa ukudaya?
Kukho inani elikhulu lezityalo zokudaya, kubandakanya neentyatyambo ezininzi. Emva koko siza kuthetha ngemizekelo kunye nemibala esinokuyifumana kuyo.
Idayi ye-Chamomile
Siqala uluhlu nge-chamomile yedayi, ekwabizwa ngokuba I-Anthemis tinctoria. Yeyosapho lukajongilanga kwaye intyatyambo yayo iyafana kakhulu neentyatyambo, kodwa ngombala otyheli. Akufuneki siyibhidanise ne-chamomile yesiqhelo esiyisela njengeti, njengale chamomile Ayisetyenziselwa ukutya kwaye ineempawu ezimbalwa kakhulu zonyango.
Eyona nto isetyenziswayo yile ntyatyambo kukudaya, njengoko igama sele libonisa. Intyatyambo isetyenziselwa oku, kuba iyinxalenye yesityalo esisityebileyo kwimigaqo yokufaka imibala. Ukusuka kuyo umbala omthubi ifunyenwe.
Ujongilanga
Enye yeentyatyambo ezidumileyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo ujongilanga, okwabizwa ngokuba Helianthus annuus. Esi sityalo sihle sinokufikelela kwiimitha ezi-3 ukuphakama kwaye sime ngombala omhle otyheli weepalali zaso. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Oojongilanga babizwa ngokuba baziqhelanise nelanga imini yonke.
Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukusetyenziswa njengesityalo setinatha, ujongilanga unokusinika ioyile okanye imbewu etyiwayo. Ezi zokugqibela azisetyenziselwa kuphela ukusetyenziswa, kodwa zikwangomnye wamacandelo amabini anemigaqo yokufaka imibala. Kwimbewu sinokufumana umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, Ngelixa intyatyambo kajongilanga isinika umbala omthubi.
Echinacea purpurea
Esinye isityalo sokudaya ngu Echinacea purpurea Imvelaphi yaseNyakatho Melika. Le ntyatyambo intle, ngaphandle kokuba sisityalo sokuhombisa ekhaya, isetyenziswa kakhulu njengamayeza, njengoko inezinto ezomeleza amajoni omzimba kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu zentsholongwane yokuphefumla. Ke ngoko, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuyisebenzisa kwimeko yokubanda okuqhelekileyo.
Ngokuphathelene nokwehla kwethishu, icandelo elisetyenzisiweyo kwesi sityalo yintyatyambo. Ngaphandle kombala we-violet weepalali zayo, umbala esiya kuwufumana uluhlaza.
i-patula tagetes
Siyaqhubeka nolu luhlu nesityalo sokudaya esilandelayo: i-patula tagetes. Le ntyatyambo intle ivela kwiTropiki yaseMelika kwaye inokuthi iqheleke kuthi ekusebenziseni kwayo kwimibhiyozo yaseMexico enxulumene noMhla wabaFileyo. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-moro, idamasquina okanye ipompadour yeentyatyambo.
Ngaphandle kokuba sisityalo setyina, ikwanazo neempawu zonyango kwaye ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza iziqholo okanye into yokuhombisa ekhaya. Yintoni egqithisile, Iingcambu zayo zinefuthe lokubulala izitshabalalisi kwezinye izinambuzane kunye neeparasites, ezinjengeembovane okanye iiematodes. Ngesi sizathu, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukufumana ezi ntyatyambo kufutshane nezityalo. Ngokumalunga nebala, icandelo elisetyenzisiweyo yintyatyambo kwaye kuyo kufumaneka iithowuni ezityheli ukuya eziluhlaza.
ine-hellenium
Okokugqibela siza kuthetha ngentyatyambo ye-Inula helenium, eyaziwa njenge-elecampana, enfula okanye i-helenium. Esi sityalo sokudaya sixhaphake kakhulu eGreat Britain nakumbindi nakumazantsi eYurophu. Igama layo lenzululwazi "i-helenium" inemvelaphi yayo kwiintsomi ezinxulumene noHelen waseTroy, kuba besithi le ntyatyambo iphume kwiinyembezi zakhe. Esi sityalo ngaphambili sasisaziwa njenge-elfwort kwaye sasingcwele kumaCelt.
Ngaphandle kokuba neempawu zonyango, amanye amazwe afana neFrance okanye iSwitzerland asebenzisa i-Inula helenium ukwenza i-absinthe. Ngokumalunga nendima yayo ekungcoliseni, sifumana umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ibhotani lihlabathi liphela kwaye izityalo zineepropathi ezininzi ezinomdla kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku likuncede ekusombululeni amathandabuzo akho malunga nezityalo ezisisiseko.