Beech, umthi omkhulu

El beech, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi Ifagus sylvatica, ngomnye weyona mithi ithandwayo nenomtsalane ehlala kumahlathi apholileyo nawezwekazi laseYurophu. Yenye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ekwindla, kuba amagqabi ayo anombala obomvu okanye orenji kuxhomekeke kudidi.

Ngokuphakama kweemitha ezingama-40, ikhula ngokuthe nkqo ukuba ikumaqela, okanye isebe isencinci kakhulu ukuba iyodwa. Kodwa, Uyihoya njani? 

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

Umlinganiswa wethu ophambili ngumthi onqabileyo imvelaphi yaseYurophu. ESpain sinokuyifumana kuphela kumantla oMantla eIberia, kwaye ngendlela eyodwa ukuya embindini. Njengoko besitshilo, ihlala ifikelela kubude beemitha ezingama-40, kodwa into eqhelekileyo kukuba kulimo aludluli kwiimitha ezili-15 okanye ezingama-20.

Isithsaba sayo senziwe ngamagqabi alulaUyatshintsha ukuba i-specimen isencinci, iluhlaza okanye imfusa, etshintsha ibe mthubi oqaqambileyo okanye bomvu ekwindla ngaphambi kokuwa. Amasebe angathoba kancinci ezantsi, okanye athotyiswe kakhulu ngamanye amagqabi achukumisa umhlaba kuxhomekeke kwi-subspecies okanye i-cultivar.

Yinto monoecious; oko kukuthi, kukho iinyawo zowasetyhini neenyawo zobuduna. Iintyatyambo ezizimazi ziphuma zingamaqela enye ukuya kwisithathu, ngamanye amaxesha ezine, kwi-peduncle emdaka ngombala; kunye neenkunzi zihluma kwi-globose inflorescence. Isiqhamo, esimile okwe dome evulekileyo, siqulathe imbewu enye ukuya kwezintathu, ekwabizwa ngokuba ziinyosi.

Inokukhula kancinci, kodwa ihlala ixesha elide kakhulu. Imotto yakhe ibonakala ngathi: iyacotha, kodwa iqinisekile. Ngapha koko, ixesha labo lokuphila li-300 yeminyaka.

Ezahlukeneyo

Zininzi izinto ezinomdla kakhulu:

• I-Fagus sylvatica 'Atropurpurea': inamagqabi ansomi lonke ixesha lonyaka.
• I-Fagus sylvatica 'Albovariegata': amagqabi aluhlaza, anemiphetho emthubi.
• I-Fagus sylvatica 'Fastigiata': ine-columnar bearing, kwaye kunqabile ukuba idlule kwi-20 yeemitha ukuphakama kunye ne-3m ububanzi.
• I-Fagus sylvatica 'Pendula': ukulila. Amasebe ajingile, kwaye akakhuli ngaphezulu kwe-25m.

Ziintoni ezibakhathazayo?

Ukuba ufuna ikopi, sicebisa ukuba ubonelele ngale nkathalelo ilandelayo:

sezulu

I-beech ehlwayelweyo yintlobo echasene kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze ikhule kakuhle ifuna imozulu ezinemozulu epholileyo okanye yelizwekazi kunye nobusika obubandayo, ukufuma okuphezulu.

Ubicación

I-Fagus sylvatica kufuneka ibe ngaphandle, emthunzini omncinci. Ukuba ikhuliswe kwiMeditera, kubalulekile ukuba ikhuselwe ngumoya wolwandle, kungenjalo amagqabi aya konakala.

Ngenxa yeempawu zayo, kufuneka ityalwe kumgama omncinci weemitha ezili-10 ukusuka kwimibhobho, imihlaba egangathiweyo, izityalo ezinkulu, njl.

Umhlaba

• Jadini: ifuna ukuba umhlaba awunamkhwa wokuxinana kwamanzi (njengoko kunjalo ngodongwe), uchumile kwaye une asidi, une-pH phakathi kwe-4 ne-6.
• Imbiza yeentyatyambo:
  • Kwiindawo ezibandayo ezinemozulu epholileyo: tyala kwi-substrate yezityalo ezine-asidi okanye i-mulch.
  • Kwiindawo ezinemozulu efudumeleyo: tyala kwisanti yentaba-mlilo, njenge-akadama ene-30% yekiryuzuna okanye efanayo.

Unkcenkceshelo

Ngumthi ayixhasi imbalela okanye ukuntywila kwamanzi. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni lifuna ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo, ukuzama kangangoko ukuthintela umhlaba okanye i-substrate ukuba yome ngokupheleleyo; Ukuseleyo konyaka, nangona ukuphinda-phinda kunkcenkceshela kuya kufuneka kuncitshiswe, kuya kufuneka kunkcenkceshelwe ngokulingeneyo.

Ukuthintela iingcambu ukuba zingaboli okanye zome, unokujonga ukufuma komhlaba ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke nokongeza amanzi. Ukwenza oku, faka nje intonga encinci yomthi: ukuba iphuma icocekile xa uyikhupha, kuya kufuneka inkcenkceshelwe.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amanzi emvula, ngaphandle kwekalika okanye, ukusilela oko, amanzi etephuapha unolwazi malunga nendlela yokwehlisa i-pH yamanzi).

Umbhalisi

Ngaphandle kwamanzi, i-beech ifuna 'ukutya' ukuze ibe sempilweni ngokugqibeleleyo. Ukuba ayichumiswanga, kungekudala okanye kamva iyakuba semngciphekweni kakhulu kwizinambuzane ezibangela izitshabalalisi kunye neentsholongwane (iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, ukungunda) ezibangela izifo.

Kodwa ke, kwintengiso sifumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze izichumisi. Yeyiphi eyona ilungileyo kwesi sityalo? Ewe kulungile nokuba isetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo, nangona eziphilayo Ngokuqinisekileyo ukubheja okukhuselekileyo kuba kunye nabo uya kuchumisa, hayi isityalo kuphela, kodwa kunye negadi ukuba uyityalile emhlabeni.

Enye indlela kukusebenzisa isichumisi esimbaxa (njengale) apha yezityalo zeasidi, kulandela izikhombisi ezichazwe kwiphakheji.

Ukuphindaphinda

Ivelisa ngokulula ngembewu, ukuba ezi zintsha (zicholwe nje emthini). Ukuba ubusika buyabanda, banokuhlwayelwa ngqo kwi-seedbed kwaye entwasahlobo baya kuhluma; Ukuba oku akunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ipesenti ephezulu yokuhluma, kufuneka sizihlukanise kangangeenyanga ezimbini-ezintathu kwifriji malunga ne-6º, kwaye entwasahlobo zityala ngeembiza zilandela eli nyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Okokuqala, i-tupperware igcwele i-vermiculite ebifakwe ngaphambili.
2. Emva koko imbewu ihlwayelwe kwaye igutyungelwe ngevermiculite (okanye ingcwatywe kancinci nale ikhoyo).
3. Emva koko, ufefe ngobhedu okanye isalfure. Oku kuyakuthintela ukungunda ekulimaleni imbewu.
4. Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukuvala i-tupperware kwaye uyibeke kwifriji, kwicandelo lokusika okubandayo, ubisi, njl.
5. Kanye ngeveki kangangeenyanga ezintathu, itupperware kufuneka ikhutshwe kwaye ivulwe ukuvuselela umoya.
6. Ngentwasahlobo, ibhedi yembewu iyazaliswa, ezinje ngeetreyi okanye iimbiza, nge-substrate yesityalo esineasidi.
7. Iimbewu zibekwa ngaphezulu kwaye zigqunywe ngumaleko omncinci we-substrate.
8. Okokugqibela, ibhedi yembewu iyankcenkceshelwa kwaye ibekwe ngaphandle, emthunzini.

Ziza kuhluma entwasahlobo.

Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha

Ngentwasahlobo, xa umngcipheko weqabaka udlulile.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Iyamelana neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -18ºC, kodwa ayihlali kwindawo ezinesimo sezulu. Uluhlu lobushushu obufanelekileyo ngu-30ºC ubuninzi kwaye -18ºC ubuncinci.

Ngaba ingakhuliswa kwiindawo ezishushu? Amava am

Sitshilo ukuba ayingomthi wemozulu ngaphandle kweqabaka, kodwa inyani kukuba ngononophelo oluncinci inokuhlala kakuhle kunxweme lweMeditera. Kwindawo yam, obona bushushu buphantsi -1,5ºC kwaye ubuninzi ngu-38ºC, kwaye nangona kuyinyani ukuba ikhula kancinci, nantso ikhona. Rhoqo ngonyaka iba ntle kwaye intle.

Ukuba uhlala kwindawo enemozulu efanayo, Ndikucebisa ukuba uyityale kwi-akadama, uyinkcenkceshele kakhulu ehlotyeni kwaye kancinci ekwindla-ebusika, kwaye ungalibali ukuyihlawula ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhula.. Ngale ndlela, iya kuthatha amagqabi kwaye iya kuba ntle. Ewe awusoze uphinde ukwazi ukuwutyala emhlabeni, kodwa ngethamsanqa kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo sifumana izimbiza ezinkulu ezifikelela kwimitha enye ubukhulu ukusondela kubunzulu obufanayo.

Ewe imbiza ayinakuze ifane nomhlaba, kodwa ... xa ufuna ukwenza olu hlobo lokulinga kwaye luvele kakuhle, ekugqibeleni akukho ndlela yimbi ngaphandle kokuyityala kwizikhongozeli, kuba Olunye ukhetho (kukunika iigadi zezityalo), ngokulula Ngamanye amaxesha azinakukhethwa ngenxa yothando abalufumanayo; kwaye ngokucacileyo, azizukuoma.

Yintoni i-beech?

Umhlobiso

Ngumthi wobuhle obuhle obunika umthunzi olungileyo njengoko ukhula. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba nayo njengoko Umzekelo ohlukileyo ukuze ukwazi ukonwabela ngcono.

Ukutya

Inyosi isetyenziswa njengokutya kwemfuyo.

Unyango

• AmagqabiZisetyenziselwa ukunyanga imikhuhlane, i-bronchitis, umkhuhlane, i-pharyngitis kunye nokuyeka urhudo.
• I-Creosote: ifunyanwa kulwelo olomileyo lwamasebe, oluphazamisayo, iintlungu, i-antitussive, i-antipyretic kunye ne-expectorant.

Ngumthi omhle ebusika, awucingi? Ngaba unokucinga ukuba unayo enye egadini yakho? Ayinyanzelisi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ewe ifuna indawo eyaneleyo ukuze ikhule ngokufanelekileyo.

I-beech ngomnye wale mithi zinokukwenza uthandane ngokuzijonga kube kanye.