IiPetunias, ngaba zizityalo lula ukuzinyamekela? Kubonakala kunjalo, kuba imbewu intshula ngokukhawuleza yaye, kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa kamva, idubula phantse ngaphandle kwenkathalo ekhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ajike abe tyheli, aze abe mdaka, kwaye ekugqibeleni siyaphulukana nawo. Ngoba?
Kuba kwanezona zityalo zilula ukuzinyamekela zinokonakala ongenakulungiseka xa iimfuno zazo zingafezekiswa. Ngokuba, Masiphendule umbuzo othi kutheni i-petunias isifa?, echaza oonobangela nendlela onokuziphepha ngayo.
Kuyabanda
Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nemozulu, i iipetunias Zinokuba mbi nje ukuba ingqele ifike. Zizityalo zemvelaphi yetropiki, ngoko ke, zivakalelwa kakhulu kumaqondo aphantsi. Enyanisweni, zixhathisa kuphela ukuya kutsho kubuncinane be-14ºC. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba sibashiya kwi-patio okanye kwi-balcony ngexesha lasebusika kwaye i-mercury kwi-thermometer yehla kakhulu, izityalo zethu ziya kutshabalala kwaye ekugqibeleni zife.
Indlela yokuphepha ngayo? Kulula: ukuzibeka endlwini xa iqalisa ukuhla ngaphantsi kwe-18ºC. Ukuhlala ubukele, ungamane ujonge iwebhusayithi yezemozulu kwilizwe lakho (elifana ne-AEMET ukuba useSpain), okanye ngcono noko, thenga isikhululo semozulu sasekhaya esisisiseko, njengesi:
Ixabisa nje ngaphantsi kwe-euro ezili-15, kwaye Inceda nobabini ukuba nazi ubushushu kunye nokufuma ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukwazi malunga nomswakama, kuba ukuba ukhula izityalo zemvelaphi yetropiki okanye ye-subtropical, njenge-calatheas, i-phytonia, i-philodendron, i-pothos, njl., kufuneka wazi ukuba kufuneka ziphakame; kwaye ukuba kwenzeka ukuba lowo uphantsi, ngaphantsi kwe-50%, ngoko kuya kufuneka uwatshize ngamanzi ukuze amaqabunga angabi mdaka.
Kodwa ewe, ukuba uzisa i-petunia yakho ngaphakathi, yibeke kwigumbi apho kukho ukukhanya okukhulu, kodwa kude nokufudumala, ukufudumala umoya, kunye nabanye, ngenxa yokuba imimoya yomoya eyenziwa zezi zixhobo zomisa amaqabunga.
Ukunkcenkceshela kakhulu
Ukunkcenkceshela sisifundo esichukumisayo. Amanzi bubomi, kodwa ukugqithisa kwawo kubulala nasiphi na isityalo, ngaphandle kokuba sisemanzini. Kodwa i-petunias ayifuni ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo. Kodwa nazo azizozityalo ezinokufakwa ezimbizeni ezingenamingxunya yokuhambisa amanzi, ekubeni ukuba kuyenziwa, iingcambu ziya kubola ekubeni amanzi ehlala emile ngaphakathi kwesingxobo esixeliweyo.
Yinto endiyibonileyo kakhulu: uthenga i-petunia embizeni encinci, kwaye into yokuqala oyenzayo iyifaka ngaphakathi kwebhodwe, ewe, ilungile, kodwa inokuphelisa ubomi besityalo. Ngoko ke, oku kufuneka kuphetshwe. Masizishiye iimbiza zingenamingxuma kwisiseko sazo kwabasemanzini, kwaye utyale intsalela kwizikhongozeli ezinemingxuma, ngaphandle koko, kungekudala ziya kubonisa ezi mpawu:
- Amashiti amthubi: kuqala ngeyona endala, kuze kulandele okulandelayo.
- Amakhowa: ukungunda okumhlophe okanye okungwevu kwiziqu kunye/okanye namagqabi.
- iintyatyambo zonakala: azivuli okanye ziwe phambi kwexesha.
- I-Verdina: ibonakala xa umhlaba uhlala umanzi ixesha elide.
Ukwenza? Okokuqala, kufuneka simise ukunkcenkceshela, kwaye kamva ukuba sinayo embizeni siyikhuphe apho. Siza kugubungela isonka somhlaba ngephepha elithathayo, kwaye sishiye kwindawo eyomileyo ubuncinane iiyure ezilishumi elinesibini. Emva koko, siya kutyala embizeni entsha enemingxuma kwisiseko sayo, kunye ne-substrate entsha yenkcubeko.
Ukuba isemhlabeni, kwaye njengoko isisityalo esincinci, siya kuyisusa ngokwenza imisele emininzi malunga neesentimitha ezingama-30 ubunzulu. ukuze uphume nayo yonke ingcambu yebhola. Emva koko, siya kuqhubeka nokugubungela iingcambu zayo ngephepha elifunxayo, kwaye ngosuku olulandelayo siya kulityala embizeni. Xa sele ibuyile, oko kukuthi, xa ivelisa amagqabi amatsha nasempilweni, sinokuyityala kwakhona emhlabeni, kodwa ngeli xesha, siya kwenza umngxuma omalunga neesentimitha ezingama-40 x 40 size siwuzalise ngomxube womxube. I-substrate yendalo iphela nge perlite.
Ukungabikho konkcenkceshelo
IiPetunias nazo aziyixhasi imbalela. Kodwa lumka, xa sithetha ngembalela sibhekisa kwingxaki enokuthi ibangelwe mhlawumbi kukunqongophala kwemvula okanye ukunkcenkceshela, okanye umgangatho (ombi) we-substrate okanye umhlaba ezikhula kuwo. Oko kukuthi, ezi zityalo Zinokoma nokuba zifumana amanzi amancinci kunalawo ziwadingayo, okanye ukuba umhlaba uxinene kangangokuba awukwazi ukufunxa amanzi..
Ke ngoko, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunokubachaphazela kakhulu, kubangele ezi ngxaki:
- Amashiti amthubi: Ezi zintsha ziza kuqala ukujika lo mbala, kwaye zilandele ezilandelayo.
- Iintyatyambo azivuleki: baswele ukufuma, abanakuyenza.
- Umhlaba womile kakhulu: inokubonwa njengento edibeneyo, kwinqanaba lokuba xa ugalela amanzi embizeni iphuma ngokukhawuleza ukusuka emacaleni, kwaye ukuba unkcenkceshela umhlaba iifom ze-puddle ezincinci ezithatha ixesha elide ukunyamalala.
Ukuyicombulula, ukuba isembizeni, iya kufakwa kwisitya esinamanzi isiqingatha seyure okanye ngaphezulu; kwaye ukuba kusemyezo, a i-grate yomthi macala onke kwaye iya kunkcenkceshela. Kwimeko apho umhlaba udibene kakhulu kwaye ungafaki amanzi, uya kutyalwa kwindawo entsha (kwenye imbiza, okanye kwenye ikona yeploti) kunye. indawo yokukhula jikelele ixutywe ne-30% perlite.
Kwaye ukususela ngoko ukuya phambili, kuya kunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo.
Izinambuzane
Izinambuzane ezichaphazela kakhulu i-petunias zezi: iithrips, aphid kunye ne-whitefly. Ezi zifunxi-gazi ezitya incindi yamagqabi, yiyo loo nto zibangela ukuba kuvele amabala amnyama kuzo. Xa zishiywe zingajongwa, zinokuzenza buthathaka kakhulu izityalo. Ngoko ke, unyango kufuneka luqhutywe ngokukhawuleza xa sibabona kakubi, okanye nangaphambili, ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho naziphi na ezi zinambuzane ngaphantsi kwamagqabi kunye / okanye kwiintyatyambo.
Ukubaphatha njani? Con esona sitshabalalisi sasekhaya sikhona, kunjalo: i umhlaba owomileyo. Kwaye hayi, ayingomdlalo. Umhlaba we-Diatomaceous yimveliso ye-ecological engashiyi ntsalela kwaye ayinayo ityhefu ebantwini okanye kuninzi lwezilwanyana, kuphela kwizinambuzane ezincinci ezifana nezi sisanda kuzikhankanya. Ukuyisebenzisa, kufuneka nje umanzise i-petunia ngamanzi, uze ungeze imveliso njengokungathi wongeza ityuwa kwisaladi. Nantsi ividiyo esithetha ngayo:
Izifo
Iipetunias azidli ngokuba nezifo ngokwazo. Ndiyathetha ukuba, kunzima kakhulu kumntu osempilweni ukuba abe nawo, ngaphandle kokuba ufumana amanzi amaninzi kunalawo afunekayo, okanye ukuba umhlaba ukumgangatho ophantsi kwaye awuvumeli ukuba iingcambu zikhule ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngoko xa oku kusenzeka, zizifo zokungunda ezifana ne-botrytis, powdery mildew okanye i-phytophthora ebolisa amagqabi, iziqu, iintyatyambo kunye/okanye iingcambu..
Ngelishwa, akukho nto ingako enokwenziwa, kuba xa iimpawu zivela (ngundo emhlophe, amabala amdaka, ukuwa kweentyatyambo), ngokuqhelekileyo kusemva kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, kuyenzeka ukuba uzame ukuzisindisa ngokugalela umngundo osekwe kubhedu, njengoko enye, ukuzityala kwimihlaba elula ekhupha amanzi kakuhle, njengaleyo ye intyatyambo okanye iBoom Nutrients, kwaye uphephe ukusebenzisa iimbiza ezingenamingxuma.
Ukungabikho kwezondlo
Umfanekiso – diygardening.co.uk
Enye yeengxaki ezidla ngokuba nazo iipetunias yichlorosis; oko kukuthi, amagqabi ajika abe tyheli ngaphandle kwemithambo-luvo ehlala iluhlaza. Oku kungenxa ye intswelo yentsimbi, kwaye kwenzeka xa kutyalwe kumhlaba onepH eyi 7 okanye ngaphezulu, okanye unkcenkceshelwa ngamanzi anealkaline, enekalika eninzi.
Ukuthintela ukuba bangafi, ngaphezu kokutyala kumhlaba ofanelekileyo kunye nokunkcenkceshela ngamanzi ane-pH engaphantsi kwe-7, kufuneka zichunyiswe ngezichumisi ezilulwelo ezikhethekileyo kwezi zityalo; njengaye enye, okanye ngesichumiso sendalo esifana ne-guano. Siya kulandela imiyalelo ekwisikhongozeli ngamaxesha onke, ukuze kancinci kancinci sifumane amagqabi amatsha naluhlaza. Ngelishwa, ezo sele ziphuzi ziya kumisa kwaye ziyeke, kodwa i-petunias iya kuphumelela.
Siyathemba ukuba ezi ngcebiso ziya kukunceda ube neepetunias ezintle.