Iimfihlelo zomthi werharnati

El iirharnati Ngomnye wemithi yeziqhamo evuthulukayo ethandwa kakhulu ngabo bonke abahlala kwindawo ezishushu nezomileyo, njengoko imelana ngokulula namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nembalela. Ngapha koko, yakuba isekiwe, inokuphila nokuba inesiqhamo ngeelitha nje ezingama-350 zamanzi ngonyaka.

Inqanaba lokukhula kwalo liyakhawuleza, kodwa alingenisi. Njengokuba ayonelanga, inokuthenwa ukuyigcina ilawulwa, okanye ukuyinika imilo esithanda kakhulu: nokuba kungumthi okanye njengesihlahla. Kule nto ekhethekileyo ndiza kukuxelela, kungekuphela nje ukuba ungayenza njani, kodwa kunye neempawu zayo, ukhathalelo lwayo, nokunye okuninzi.

Iimpawu zeGranado

Irharnati ngumthi wemveli kuMmandla weMeditera okhula ukuya kuthi ga 5 mitha mde, kwaye ligama lakhe lenzululwazi IPunica granatum. Unamagqabi amancinci, malunga ne-2cm ubude, luhlaza mnyama; kunye nezinye iintyatyambo ezibomvu ezihluma entwasahlobo ezilinganisa nge-1,5 okanye 2cm. Isiqhamo, ipomegranati, ilinganiselwa kwi-12cm, kwaye ingqukuva emhlophe, bomvu okanye bomvu-bumthubi; Ngaphakathi kukho iimbewu ezininzi ezibomvu.

Ngendlela yendalo, ikhula ukusuka kwinqanaba lolwandle ukuya kwi-1100 yeemitha. ESpain sinokuyifumana empuma nakwindawo esemazantsi eli lizwe, nakwiziqithi ezibini (iiCanary Islands kunye neBalearic Islands).

Khathalela ukuba nomthi werharnati osempilweni

Ngaba ungathanda ukuba nomthi okanye uninzi lwezi ntlobo? Qaphela ezi ngcebiso:

Ubicación

I-protagonist yethu kufuneka ibekwe ngaphandle kwindawo apho ichaneke ngqo elangeni. Ukumelana neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -12 i-degrees Celsius, ke ngekhe sikhathazeke yingqele, ngaphandle kokuba sihlala kwindawo apho amaqondo obushushu esihla ngokuhla.

Unkcenkceshelo

Iyayichasa imbalela, kakuhle kakhulu. Njengoko benditshilo ekuqaleni, xa sele ityalwe egadini unyaka okanye emibini, inokukhula nokuba iintsuku kunye neeveki zihamba ngaphandle kwemvula. Okwangoku, ukuba ufuna ukuba ivelise iziqhamo kwaye inike isivuno esihle, kubalulekile nkcenkceshela kabini ngeveki, kathathu ehlotyeni.

Umbhalisi

Akuyimfuneko kakhulu, kodwa, njengokunkcenkceshela, ukwenzela ukuba iirharnate zikhule kakuhle, isichumiso asilimazi. Ke ngoko ndikucebisa isichumise entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni ngezichumiso eziphilayo, njengomzekelo umgquba wezilwanyana, okanye isicatshulwa saselwandle; ewe, musa ukusebenzisa kakubi okokugqibela kuba inealkali kakhulu.

Ukutshintshwa

Nokuba ufuna ukufudukela egadini okanye kwimbiza enkulu, kufuneka yenziwe ngaphakathi primavera, emva kokuba umngcipheko weqabaka udlulile.

Ukuthena

Ixhasa ukuthena kakuhle, kangangokuba ihlala isetyenziswa njenge bonsai (ngakumbi kwesi sihloko singezantsi). Ukuyithena, kuya kufuneka ulinde ukufika kwentwasahlobo, okanye ukuwa ukuba uhlala kwimozulu epholileyo.

Oku kulandelayo kufuneka kususwe / kuncitshiswe:

• Isusa ii-basal suckers eziphuma zijikeleze umboko.
• Ukuba ufuna ukuyenza umthi, susa amasebe asezantsi, ukuze isiqu saso siphantse sicoceke; Ukuba, kwelinye icala, ufuna ukuyenza ityholo, sika isebe eliphambili ukuze kuphume amasetyana, kwaye unike isithsaba imilo yebhola.
• Nciphisa loo masebe akhule ngokugqithileyo, kwaye ususe lawo abuthathaka okanye agulayo.

Sebenzisa isikere sokuthena okanye isandla esincinci esibonwe ngaphambili sibulala iintsholongwane ngotywala kwikhemesti, kwaye ubeke intlama yokuphilisa kumanxeba ukuthintela usulelo.

Ukuzaliswa kwakhona kweerharnate

Unokuvelisa kwakhona irharnati yakho ngembewu, ngokusika okanye ngokufunxa. Masibone ukuba ungaqhubeka njani kwimeko nganye:

Ngembewu

Ngentwasahlobo, imbewu kufuneka icocwe ngamanzi kwaye hlwayela ngqo kwiitreyi zembewu okanye kwiimbiza, Ukubeka ubuninzi be-2 kwinto nganye. Siza kusebenzisa i-substrate enamaphiko kule nto, kodwa akuyi kuba yimfuneko ukwenza into eninzi: kunye nenkcubeko yendalo exutywe ne-20% ye-perlite sinokuqiniseka ukuba ziya kuhluma ngaphandle kwengxaki.

Siza kuyigcwalisa ibhedi yembewu nge-substrate, phantse ngokupheleleyo, siyayibeka imbewu, kwaye ekugqibeleni siyigubungele ngocu olucekeceke lomhlaba, ngokwaneleyo ukuze zingabonwa ngamehlo. Emva koko ihlala emanzini, ibeke kwilanga elipheleleyo, kwaye ulinde malunga neenyanga ezi-2, eliza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuhluma ukuba sigcina i-substrate ifumile kodwa ayikhukulisi.

Ngokusika

Ngasekupheleni kobusika bayasika Iziqu ezinesiqingatha se-0,50cm ubukhulu kunye ne-25cm ubude. Emva koko, zityalwa kwiimbiza ezinomhlaba wonke wokulima oxutywe ne-30-40% ye-perlite, unkcenkceshelwa, kwaye kwintwasahlobo elandelayo siya kuba nomthi omtsha.

Ngama-suckers

Irharnathi ivelisa amahlumelo amaninzi, ethi ingasuswa entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni ukwenza imisele ejikeleze bona ngobunzulu be-30cm, nokwenza i-lever encinci nge-laya (uhlobo lomhlakulo oluthe nkqo).

Emva zityalwe ezimbizeni nge-substrate ekhulayo yendawo yonke kwaye igcinelwe khona, ubuncinci, wonke loo nyaka.

Izilwanyana kunye nezifo zerharnate

Ngaphandle kokuba ungumthi onganyangekiyo, unokuchaphazeleka zizitshabalalisi kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo, ezi:

Izinambuzane

• Mealybugs: ukunyanga ngeoyile yeparafini.
• Zintwala: kungaliwa nayo Ioyile yeNem.
• UkudinwaI-40% ye-dimethoate iyasetyenziswa, kodwa ayisosibulali zinambuzane sendalo, ke imveliso yemveliso kufuneka ifundwe ngononophelo.

Izifo

• Iziqhamo zeBotrytis zibola: unyango ngeyeza lokungunda elicwangcisiweyo.
• Uvavanyo: yiphatha ngobhedu.

Ezinye iingxaki

Ukongeza kwinto esele siyibonile ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, isityalo sethu sinokuba nezinye iingxaki ezi:

• Vula iziqhushumbisi: yenzeka xa unkcenkceshela kakhulu xa iziqhamo zikhula kwaye zincinci xa zivuthwa. Ikwayathanda ukwenzeka kwimozulu eyomileyo, apho inokuhamba iiveki ngaphandle kwemvula.
  Esona sisombululo kukufaka unkcenkceshelo lwedriphu.
• Iirharnate zelanga: Kwenzeka xa iziqhamo zifumana ukungqina okuqinileyo. Ke, amabala amnyama avela kwaye ipomegranate ayisasatyiwa.

Ukusetyenziswa kweerharnate

Lo ngumthi osetyenziswa njengesihombiso, amayeza kunye nezityalo zokupheka.

• Isityalo sokuhombisa: zombini kwizitiya nakwigadi yeziqhamo, ngenxa yeziqhamo zayo ezimnandi. Kwakhona njengebhonsai.
• Unyango: kunciphisa umkhuhlane, ukuyeka urhudo, ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-colic, kunye ne-diuretic kunye ne-antihypertensive.
• Inkcubeko: Kusetyenziswa iinkozo kwirharnathi, ezinokutyiwa zintsha okanye zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iziselo, iirobhothi okanye isiraphu yegrenadine.

Iirharnate njengebhonsai

NgokweClassical School yaseBonsai, isityalo kufuneka sibenamagqabi amancinci ukuze sibe yi-bonsai, iimpawu ezizalisekiswa yirharnate. Kodwa uyinyamekela njani?

• Ubicación: ngaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo.
• Uhlobonkqo ngokungekho sesikweni.
• Inkqutyana:akadama.
• Unkcenkceshelo: rhoqo ehlotyeni, kwaye kunqabe unyaka wonke.
• Umbhalisi: rhoqo ngeentsuku ezingama-20 entwasahlobo nasekwindla kuyacetyiswa ukuba uchumise ngezichumiso ezithile zebhonsai, okanye ngezichumisi ezingamanzi ezinje ngeguano.
• Ukuthena: ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo amasebe kufuneka atshintshiwe, avumela ama-4-5 amaqabunga ukuba akhule kwaye asike i-2-3.
  Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo okanye ekuqaleni kokwindla kuya kufuneka sisike okanye sisuse la masebe singadingi nto.
  Kwaye, ewe, kuya kufuneka ususe amahlumela aphuma kwisiseko somthi.
• Iingcingo: entwasahlobo okanye ekwindla.
• Ukutshintshwa: yonke iminyaka emi-2 okanye emithathu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukunciphisa iingcambu ezisempilweni kancinci, nokususa ezo zibolileyo.

Kwaye ngale nto siyigqiba le ekhethekileyo. Ucinga ntoni ngerharnate? 🙂