Baninzi abantu ababuzayo uthini umahluko phakathi kwebhatata kunye neebhatataKuba zininzi kakhulu iintlobo, incasa yenye kunye nezinye inokwahluka kancinci. Ke kunjalo, ayimangalisi into yokuba nganye yazo icingelwa ukuba yeyolunye uhlobo.
Ke ukuba unalo mbuzo kwaye ungathanda ukuba ndiwusombulule, kweli nqaku ndiza kutyhila imfihlelo kuwe 🙂.
Uyintoni umahluko okhoyo?
Impendulo ithi… nanye. Zombini iitapile kunye neebhatata ngamagama amaninzi aqhelekileyo kwizityalo zeIpomoea batatas. Okwenzekayo kukuba umntu ngamnye, ilizwe ngalinye, libiza izinto zezityalo ngendlela, into eqhelekileyo kuba nganye nganye inembali yayo, ulwimi lwayo okanye ulwimi lwayo, amasiko alo kunye nabanye.
Kodwa le yingxaki xa ufunda izinto zezityalo, kuba amagama aqhelekileyo okanye athandwayo athambekele ekudaleni ukudideka okuninzi. Kungenxa yoko le nto amagama ezenzululwazi ayilwa. Oku kukwindalo iphela, ke nabani na nakweyiphi na indawo yomhlaba ofuna ukufumana ulwazi malunga nesityalo ekuthethwa ngaso kuya kufuneka alazi igama lesayensi ukufumana oko bafuna.
Injani ibhatata okanye ibhatata emnandi?
La Ipomoea ibhatata sisityalo esinyukayo esingapheliyo owazalelwa eMzantsi Melika nakuMbindi Merika. Kumazwe aseLatin America afana neVenezuela kunye neColombia, yaziwa ngcono njengebhatata okanye ichaco (igama liyahluka ngokwengingqi). Ikhula ngesiqu esincinci, kwaye ineengcambu kwiindawo. Amagqabi aphelele okanye anezinyo, malunga ne-5-10cm ubude nobubanzi, glabrous okanye pubescent. Iintyatyambo ziqokelelwe kwii-cyymos ukuya kwi-cymosy-umbellate inflorescence yombala omhlophe-wepinki kunye neziko le-lilac. Iziqhamo zi-ovoid, zilinganisa i-4-5cm ubude nobubanzi, kwaye ngaphakathi siza kufumana imbewu ejikelezileyo eyi-3-4mm.
Iimpawu zetapile ezimnandi
Esikwaziyo njengebhatata eneneni sisifo sezulu, ebesilinywa iminyaka emininzi kwimbali yoluntu. Into enomdla kwiitapile kukuba aziyi kuhlala zinemilo efanayo okanye umbala. Ngamanye amagama, iitapile ezilinywa eYurophu azizukufana nezilinywe kwiLatin America kwaye oku kungenzeka kube yingxaki yesiphithiphithi esikhulu esikhankanye kwimihlathi yokuqala.
Ukuze uyiqonde ngcono, alukho udidi olunye lweetapile kodwa kukho iindidi ngeendidi zazo. Ngesi sizathu, unokufumana ibhatata emhlophe okanye emthubi, nkqu neebhatata ezimnandi zeorenji kuba zingumahluko wazo. Kwaye ngaphezu koko, lo mahluko kumbala wawo unokubonwa kwinyama ye-tuber nakwisikhumba sayo.
Ngokubhekisele kubume bayo kunye nencasa, sinokuthi iphekwe inencasa emnandi kwaye ihlala ithanda ukubhideka okanye kunzima ukuyichonga, kuba incasa yayo ikhangeleka njengomxube phakathi kwethanga kunye neetapile.
Ukuchongwa kweebhatata kuxhomekeke kakhulu kulwazi lwakho ngalo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba awuyazi ukuba ibhatata yona injani, awuyi kuba nakho ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi ityhubhu oyithengayo okanye oyityayo, kwaye ngenxa yoku, kuya kufuneka wazi iimpawu zayo.
Ezona ziphambili esele sizichazile, ezinjengombala wazo, uburhabaxa kunye nencasa. Kodwa ngaphaya koko, kukho ezinye zeempawu zesondlo ekufuneka uyazi. Ezinye zazo zezi:
- Ine-3% yeswekile kuphela, nenqanaba elisezantsi ngoku ucinga ukuba inencasa emnandi.
- Igama elinikiweyo livela kwintsingiselo yesiGrike "efana neetapile." Eyona nto iluncedo kakhulu kuba iitapile kunye neebhatata zityhubhu ezahlukeneyo.
- Ayinawo umkhondo wecholesterol kwaye ipesenti yayo enamanqatha ayi-0%.
- Ngokumalunga nexabiso leekhalori, ineekhalori ezingaphezulu nje kwe-90 kwiigram ezili-100 zebhatata ezisetyenzisiweyo.
- Phakathi kwezakha-mzimba ezinazo iitapile, eyona ibalulekileyo yivithamin C. Ukutya imihla ngemihla iitapile kuthetha ukunyuka kwamavithamini C ngama-70%, oku kuthetha ukuba izondlo ezibonelelwa zizihlandlo eziphindwe kabini.
- Zombini i-tuber (ibhatata emhlophe) kunye namagqabi esityalo ngokwawo ayatyiwa, kunye namahlumela kunye neziqu. Ngokubhekisele kule yokugqibela, abanye bathi incasa iyafana naleyo yesipinatshi.
- Olu phawu lokugqibela mhlawumbi lolona luphawuleka kakhulu, kuba indawo etyiwayo yesityalo (amagqabi, ihlumelo neziqu) ibizwa ngokuba yibhatata.
Ke ukuba umva umntu esithi zizinto ezahlukeneyo, banyanisile, kodwa yazi ukuba bathetha ngesityalo esinye.
Iindidi zebhatata
Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-400, eyona ixhaphakileyo yile ilandelayo:
- I-Californian, inyama ebomvu
- I-Violet, enolusu olugudileyo olu-violet kunye nenyama epinki
- IGeorgia, inyama yeorenji
- I-Eland, inyama ebomvu ebomvu
- Ikhulu leminyaka, inyama ebomvu
- IJasper, inyama ebomvu
- bomvu
- URose waseMalaga
Ayimelani nengqele okanye iqabaka, ukuze kwimimandla eshushu ikhule njengonyaka. Kwaye ukuba zezona zixhaphakileyo, kukho ezinye esifuna wazi ngazo:
Ibhatata emthubi
Kwakhona kwaziwa ngokuba yi-orange potato, kuba ixolo lalo limthubi, ngelixa ngaphakathi kwi-tuber iorenji. Kuzo zonke iinketho ezikolu luhlu, ithathwa njengeyona intle kwaye yeyona ineentengiso eziphezulu kwihlabathi liphela.
Ibhatata emthubi
Eli gama lingenxa yombala omfusa onokubonakala ngaphakathi nangaphandle kumbhobho. Ukulinywa nokuthengiswa kwayo kuyathandwa kumazwe afana ne China kunye neMexico, nangona iChina ingoyena mntu unemveliso yeebhatata ezimfusa kakhulu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Iitapile ezimhlophe ezimhlophe
Oku kuhlala kudideka kunye neetapile kuba ineempawu ezifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, inokwahlulahlula umbulelo kwinto yokuba inombala otyheli otyheli kancinci kuneetapile kwaye kwinqanaba lesondlo, isityebi kwisitashi.
Ibhatata ebomvu ebomvu
Apha singena kwilizwe apho iitapile okanye ibhatata inqabile, ikakhulu kumazwe athetha iSpanish. Nangona kunjalo, ithandwa kakhulu eJapan kuba lelona lizwe liphambili elinoxanduva lokulima kunye nemveliso yalo.
Kufanelekile ukuba ukhankanye loo nto incasa yale bhatata imnandi kwaye ulusu luneethoni ezibomvu. Kwelinye icala, nje ukuba ingaphakathi libonwe, kunokuqatshelwa ukuba umbala wayo yi-cream hue phakathi komthubi no-orenji.
Iitapile ezisentabeni
Kufuneka uyazi ukuba le ibhatata emnandi imhlophe kwaphela ngaphakathi kwaye ulusu lunee-shades ezifana nomthi. Ityiwa kakhulu eMexico nakwindawo ezininzi zaseCaribbean kunye nakuMbindi Merika.
Ibhatata yasendle
Eli lelinye lamatyala ambalwa awela kwimeko efanayo nentaba yebhatata. Iitapile zasendle asizizo ezosapho lweebhatata. Ngaphezulu kokwahluka kwam Ihlala ikhula endle eNyakatho Melika, kwiindawo ezininzi zeCaribbean nase Mzantsi Melika.
Ngokwembonakalo, iyafana nakweyiphi na enye yam ngaphandle kokuba ulusu lumdaka mnyama kwaye inyama imhlophe ngokupheleleyo. Ingatyiwa njengezinye iitapile kodwa inokusetyenziswa ukujongana neemeko ezithile zempilo.
Ezinye zezinto ezinesondlo kwiitapile okanye ibhatata
Sele icacile indlela esondlo ngayo ukutya ibhatata okanye ibhatata. Kuxhomekeka kukhetho lwakho kunye neemfuno, ungasisebenzisa isilwanyana esiyi-tuber uqobo okanye iindawo ezithile zesityalo. Ngolunye uhlobo, uya kuthatha ithuba lokufumana iintlobo zezondlo ezinje:
- Uya kufumana ngaphezulu kweekhalori ezili-100 kuzo zonke iigramu ezili-130 zeetapile.
- Uya kudla kuphela phantsi kwe-0.1 yeegram zokusebenzela okufanayo.
- Awuyi kudla nayiphi na i-cholesterol.
- Iqukethe malunga ne-73 mg ye-sodium kunye ne-448 mg ye-potassium.
- Iqulethe phantse iigrama ezingama-30 zee-carbohydrate.
- Iqulethe i-4 g yefayibha yokutya
- Amanqanaba eswekile aphantsi kakhulu.
- Uya kuba ne-iron, calcium, i-magnesium kunye ne-vitamin B-6
- Umthombo otyebileyo wevithamini A no-C.
Ngamafutshane, unayo yonke into oyifunayo ukuze ube sempilweni. Ewe, ngokwalo ayihlangabezani nexabiso lesondlo lomntu oqhelekileyo, kodwa ukuba uyayidibanisa nokunye ukutya, impilo yakho iya kuphuculwa.
Izizathu kunye neenzuzo zokutya ibhatata
Ngoku ukuba kunokwenzeka uzibuze yintoni ukubaluleka okanye izibonelelo zokutya ibhatata okanye ibhatata, apha siza kukunika ezinye ngaphambi kokuvalelisa.
- Ilungile ngokujongana nokuqunjelwa ngenxa yomxholo wayo wefayibha ephezulu.
- Inokukunceda ukunciphisa umzimba okanye ukunika umntu inzuzo kwinqanaba lemisipha.
- Ifanelekile kwabo badlala imidlalo kwaye bafuna i-generator yamandla endalo.
- Inceda ukuphucula ukutya.
- Yomeleza amajoni omzimba.
- Iyasebenza ekunyangeni isifuba kunye ne-bronchitis.
Izibonelelo zininzi kwaye izizathu zininzi. Ke kuya kufuneka uyothenga iitapile ngoku kwaye uqalise ukuzitya.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba ungazilima njani iitapile, nqakraza apha.
Ifoto yokuqala inokudideka xa ufunda iimpawu, eziza emva kwesithombe sesithathu. Ifoto yokuqala, iitapile (njengoko sisibiza apha eVenezuela), okanye ibhatata, okanye ibhatata. Kwenye indawo baya kukuxelela naliphi na elinye igama, kodwa nantso ke amagama egama elingu binomial.
Ukubakho kokudideka kuvela kwinto yokuba ifoto yokuqala ingqinelana nenxalenye esiyityayo, ibhatata, kodwa emazantsi omfanekiso wesithathu ubungakanani besiqhamo buchaziwe (4-5 cm). Kwabantu abangalindelanga, okanye abaqhelekileyo, okanye i-neophyte, inokuchazwa ukuba ibhatata esefotweni sisiqhamo, kwaye ayibonakali ngathi yi-5 cm, engeyiyo. Isiqhamo siveliswa ngaphezulu, emva kwentyatyambo, kwaye ibhatata iveliswa ngezantsi, ingcwatywa, kwaye ingaphezulu kwe-5 cm. Ibhatata emhlophe sisigaxa, kwaye iziqhamo ezincinci zomoya.