Konke malunga nomthi weGeneral Sherman, owona mkhulu emhlabeni

Kukho izityalo ezithi nangona zikhula ngokucothayo, kuye kufika ixesha lokuba zinde kangangokuba ukuze ukwazi ukuzibona kakuhle kufuneka uhambe iimitha ezimbalwa, njengoko kwenzeka kwimithi yesundu nemithi. Kodwa, ukuba sifuna ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi enye yezona zide kakhulu emhlabeni, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo kufuneka sithethe ngoGeneral Sherman., i-sequoia enkulu (igama layo lezenzululwazi ngu Sequoiadendron giganteum) ebikhula ngaphezu kwamawaka amabini eminyaka, kwaye sinethemba lokuba kuseza kushiyeka iinkulungwane ezimbalwa ezingakumbi, ubuncinane.

Nangona kuthiwa eyona nto ide kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuba ugcine engqondweni ukuba le rekhodi ibanjwe nguHyperion (Sequoia iispervirens), inkuni ebomvu. Kodwa ewe sinokuthi ngoyena mkhulu; oko kukuthi, lowo unomthamo omkhulu.

Unjani umthi weGeneral Sherman?

Ngumthi wohlobo lwe-coniferous ekuqikelelwa ukuba intshule phakathi kwama-2300 kunye nama-2700 eminyaka eyadlulayo, kwindawo ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yiSequoia National Park, eKhalifoniya (eUnited States). Le paki yadalwa ngo-1890 kwaye ithatha indawo emalunga ne-1780 yeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha. Yindlu, njengoko igama layo libonisa, i-sequoias, enye yemithi emikhulu emhlabeni, njenge-protagonist yethu, eyi-83 yeemitha ubude kwaye inesithsaba esibanzi kakhulu, i-8 yeemitha.

Ku yaziwa ukuba yeyona inkulu ehlabathini ngomthamo wesiqu sayo, kuba ibalwe ukuba ine-1487 m3.. Ukukunika ingcamango, ubukhulu bayo buziimitha ezili-11, ngoko ke kufuneka abantu abaninzi ukuba bawange.

Ithini imbali yayo?

Umthi Jikelele weSherman ukholelwa ukuba Wabhaptizwa nguJames Wolverton ngowe-1879. Le ndoda yasebenza njenge-lieutenant kwiMfazwe yombango (1861-1865) ekhokelwa nguWilliam Tecumeseh Sherman. Kumaxesha akutshanje, ngowe-1931, wawufaniswa nomthi okufuphi nawo, uNjengele Grant, ibe ngenxa yolu hlolisiso baye baqonda ukuba nguwo (yaye nguwo) owona mqulu mkhulu.

Noko ke, kwakukho namaxesha okukhathazeka. Kwaye kunjalo ngoJanuwari 2006 elona sebe likhulu laqhawuka, eyayilinganisa malunga neemitha ezingama-30 ubude kunye nobubanzi obungaphezu kweemitha ezi-2. Njengoko yawa phantsi, yabetha i-perimeter fence kunye ne-promenade ejikelezileyo, ibangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ngethamsanqa, akuzange kubekho monakalo omnye.

Nditsho kukholelwa ukuba ukuwa kwamasebe kuyinto eqhelekileyo kule mithinjengendlela yokulungelelanisa. Oku kwenza ingqiqo eninzi, kuba zininzi izityalo, ezifana neAloindron (ikhala lomthi) abathi ngamanye amaxesha banyanzeleke ukuba bayeke ukondla isebe ukuze baphephe ukufa ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni; Kwaye ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha la masebe oma kwaye awe.

Into eyenziwa ngumthi we-General Sherman iyafana, kodwa umahluko wokuba imozulu kwindawo yokuhlala yaseAloidendron (eNamibia okanye eMzantsi Afrika) ishushu kakhulu kwaye yomile kune sequoias entshona ye-United States. ukukhalaza malunga noko okwangoku.

Ingakanani iminyaka elindelekileyo yokuphila kwe-sequoia enkulu?

La sequoia enkulu Yinkonkxa leyo ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi kwishumi leminyaka yokuqala yobomi xa inokufikelela kwi-15-20 yeemitha ukuphakama. Kwaye kukuba kufuneka yenze uninzi lokukhanya okuncinci okufika emhlabeni ukuze izinze. Emva koko, yenza ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isampuli iyakwazi ukoyisa abo bakhuphisana nayo kwaye ifumane izondlo kunye namanzi ayifunayo, inokuphila ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka engama-3200. Amagqabi ayo ahlala kwisityalo ixesha elide, de atshintshe ngokuthe ngcembe amatsha. Ke ngoko, sisityalo esinamandla okwenza iphotosynthesis yonke imihla yonyaka, into esinceda ukuba sikhule kwaye somelele.

Kukwanika umdla ukuthetha oko ixolo lesiqu salo linentsinga kwaye lingqindilili kakhulu, malunga neesentimitha ezingama-60, ngoko lisebenza njengokhuseleko emlilweni.. Kodwa ewe: ayikukhuseli 100%; enyanisweni, kulula ukufumana iisequoia ezinkulu ezinenxalenye ethile etshileyo kwaye emnyama ngenxa yomlilo.

Kwaye kukuba, nangona kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala, njengoko kunjalo kule ndawo yaseCalifornia, imililo iyinxalenye ye-ecosystem, inceda nembewu ukuba iphume kwiziqhamo kwaye intshule, asinakuyeka ukuthetha ngendlela okwanda ngayo ukufudumala kwehlabathi. ukutshintsha iimeko ezihlala kuzo izityalo. Ngoko, Okukhona amaqondo obushushu anyuka kwaye imvula incinane, kokukhona umngcipheko wokutsha uya usiba mkhulu kwaye uya kuba mkhulu ngakumbi.

Lilonke, umthi Jikelele weSherman kunye namaqabane akhe banokuphefumla lula. Ukuze zikhuseleke emlilweni, iziqu zazo zisongelwe ngefoyile yealuminiyam., njengoko benzayo ngoSeptemba 2021 (unokufunda iindaba apha).

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