Zithini izityalo ze-angiosperm?

Izityalo ze-Angiosperm lelona qela likhulu kubukumkani bezityalo. Bakwazile ukwenza ikholoniyali phantse kuwo wonke umhlaba, kwaye bonke enkosi kulungelelwaniso lwabo. Zizona zilinywa kakhulu egadini, kwaye ... ngubani ongazithandiyo iintyatyambo?

Makhe sifumane okuninzi ngezi zityalo zimnandi: imvelaphi yazo, yintoni ebenza babaluleke kangaka, nangaphezulu.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu eziphambili zezityalo ze-angiosperm

I-Angiosperms zizityalo ezineentyatyambo kunye neziqhamo ezinembewu, yeyiphi eyahlulahlula kwii-gymnosperms. Zifumaneka kuninzi loluntu lwezityalo: imithi, i-cacti, isucculents, izityalo ezinamagqabi, izihlahla, ... Kukonke ngaphandle kweeferns, ii-conifers, ii-cycads kunye ne-mosses. Baye bakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokuhlala kwezona ntlango zifudumeleyo nakwiincopho eziphakamileyo; kumhlaba onesanti kunye nelitye lekalika.

Imvelaphi yezi zityalo zinomdla zifumaneka kwiitropiki, ngexesha le-Lower Cretaceous malunga neminyaka eyi-145 yezigidi eyadlulayo. Kancinci kancinci babesasazeka besiya kwimimandla eshushu ngakumbi, kangangokuba kuye kwaziwa ukuba babethatha indawo yejimnosperms.

Nangona kungaziwa ukuba zeziphi izityalo ezivela kuzo okanye indlela ezivele ngayo, enkosi kwiintsalela eziye zafunyanwa, sinokufumana umbono wokuba ziqale njani:

• Iinkozo zomungu: okokuqala zazifana kakhulu nezo ze-gymnesperms (monocolporated), kodwa kamva kwavela iinkozo ezingaphezulu (tricolpate, tricolporated and triporated).
• Amagqabi: ezokuqala zaziphelele, zifana nezizityalo ezizimeleyo (njengemifuno).

Ngokuba neentyatyambo ezincinci, ezinemibala eqaqambe ngakumbi, nangokukhusela imbewu ide igqibe ukukhula, yenza ukuba kube lula kwizizukulwana ezizayo ukuba zihlume kwaye ziye phambili.

Iindidi zezityalo zeAngiosperm kunye namagama

Ukuba sithathela ingqalelo ukuba ii-angiosperms zinokuba imithi, izihlahla, iintende, imifuno, iibhalbhu y abakhweli, Singafumana uluvo lokuba zingaphi na iintlobo zezityalo. Ke ngoko, ukwenza olu khetho lwamagama ezityalo ze-angiosperm khange kubelula, njengoko sonke sinezinto esizithandayo kunye nezinto esizithandayo.

Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba ezo ntlobo zikhethwe ukuba, ukongeza ekubeni nexabiso lokuhombisa, kulula ukuzinyamekela nokuzigcina:

Umthi - UJacaranda mimosifolia

Yaziwa njenge ijacaranda, ijacaranda okanye itarco, kwaye ngumthi oqaqambileyo ozalelwe eMzantsi Melika. Unokufikelela kubude beemitha ezi-12 ukuya kwezi-15, kwaye isithsaba sayo sihlala simile njengeambrela kwaye silinganisa i-10-12 yeemitha ububanzi phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Amagqabi ayaphindaphindeka, aluhlaza ngombala, kwaye ubude buyi-30 ukuya kuma-50 cm.

Ientyatyambo entwasahlobo, Ukuvelisa inani elikhulu leentyatyambo ezimfusa eziqokelelwe kwii-panicles. Ngamanye amaxesha ikwaqhakaza ehlotyeni, kodwa kancinci. Isiqhamo sithatha ubume beCastanet kwaye sineembewu ezinamaphiko.

Inqaba ukuya kwi -7ºC.

Isihlahla - Rough wavuka

Yaziwa njenge I-rose yaseJapan okanye iRamadan rose, luhlobo lwe shrub enameva yemveli kwimpuma yeAsia. Iifom ezixineneyo phakathi kwe-1 ukuya kwi-1,5 yeemitha ukuphakama, kwaye avelise amagqabi aphinyeneyo asisi-8 ukuya kwi-15cm ubude, aluhlaza.

Blooms ukusuka ehlotyeni ukuya ekwindla. Iintyatyambo zayo zimnyama ngokupinki ukuya kumhlophe, 6 ukuya kwi-9cm ubukhulu, kwaye zinuka kamnandi. Isiqhamo sisinqe esikhulu se-rose, i-2-3cm ubukhulu, kunye nobomvu.

Iyakwazi ukumelana nengqele kunye neqabaka ukuya kwi -15ºC.

Umthi wephalm - IPhoenix canariensis

Yaziwa njenge Isundu seCanary Island okanye isundu seCanary Island, luhlobo lwesundu olukhoyo kwiiCanary Islands. Iphuhlisa i-trunk enye malunga ne-12-15 yeemitha ukuphakama kunye ne-50 ukuya kwi-70 yeesentimitha ububanzi, Isithsaba ngamagqabi aphinikiweyo ziimitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7 ubude, luhlaza.

Ientyatyambo entwasahlobo, Ukuvelisa iintyatyambo ezidityanisiweyo kwii-inflorescence ezimthubi ezimthubi. Iziqhamo zi-ovoid, malunga ne-2-3cm ubude, ngombala o-orenji otyheli, kwaye ngaphakathi apho sifumana imbewu.

Inqaba ukuya kwi -7ºC.

Utywala - Zea amaxesha

Eyaziwa ngokuba ngumbona okanye isityalo sombona, yingca eyinzalelwane yaseMexico. Umjikelo wobomi bayo bonyaka, oko kukuthi, uyantshula, uyakhula, udubule kwaye uvelise iziqhamo emva koko wome kunyaka nje omnye. Inokufikelela kwaye idlule kwimitha enye ukuphakama, kwaye ikhula ngeziqu ngamagqabi ambalwa e-lanceolate, aluhlaza.

Ientyatyambo entwasahlobo-ehlotyeni, Ukuvelisa i-inflorescence kwi-panicles ephuzi-epinki. Iziqhamo yile nto siyaziyo ngathi sisikhwebu, esenziwe ngembewu okanye iinkozo ezininzi ezimthubi.

Ayimelani nengqele.

Ibhalbhu - I-Tulipa sylvestris

Eyaziwa ngokuba yitulip yasendle, luhlobo lwe ityiphu Imvelaphi yaseYurophu eye yakwazi ukuzinza e-Asiya, eMntla Melika nase-Afrika. Ifikelela kubude obufikelela kwiisentimitha ezingama-50, kwaye ikhula ngamagqabi, i-basal okanye i-caulinar yamagqabi ombala oluhlaza.

Ientyatyambo entwasahlobo, Ukuvelisa iintyatyambo ezityheli okanye orenji. Isiqhamo sisiqwenga esiqukethe imbewu emalunga ne-4mm.

Iyamelana neqabaka phantsi ukuya kwi - 10ºC; Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba emva kokudubula kweenxalenye zomoya (amagqabi) ziyoma, kushiye ibhalbhu kuphela.

Ukunyuka - IWisteria sinensis

Yaziwa njenge i-wisteria okanye i-wisteria yama-chinese, sisityalo esinyukayo nesinqumlayo esihlala eTshayina. Unokufikelela kubude beemitha ezi-20 ukuya kwezi-30, Ukuphuhlisa amasebe anamandla kwaye omelele, ukusuka kuwo amagqabi apinki akhula ade afike kuma-25cm ubude, kwaye aluhlaza ngombala.

Blooms phakathi entlakohlaza, evelisa ezimhlophe, okanye ubukhulu becala i-violet okanye iintyatyambo eziluhlaza zahlulwe ngokwamaqela ayixhomileyo ayi-15 ukuya kuma-20cm ubude. Esi siqhamo yimidumba evelvet emdaka ngebala eyi-5-10cm, equlathe iimbewu.

Inqaba ukuya kwi -18ºC.

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