I-Jasmine (Jasminum)

Igama jasmine lihle kakhulu. Ayizwakali kahle kuphela, kodwa futhi ibhekisa nochungechunge lwezitshalo ezikhuphukayo ezinezimbali ezikhipha iphunga elimnandi. Yini enye, ingasetshenziswa ukuhlobisa noma iyiphi indawo, ngisho nabancane. Eqinisweni, zingenye yezinconywa kakhulu zokumboza ama-lattices, izingodo, noma amakholomu.

Imvamisa zikhula ngokushesha, kepha ngaphandle kokuhlasela. Lokho okungukuthi, ngokungafani ne-ivy, noma i-wisteria, ubukhulu babo bulawulwa kalula ngokubanikeza ukuthenwa okukodwa ngonyaka. Ngakho-ke, kuyathakazelisa ukukhulisa i-jasmine. Futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizokhuluma nawe mayelana nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani, nangezinhlobo ezinconywe kakhulu.

Izici zesitshalo seJasmine

Izitshalo esazi njenge-jasmine zingezinhlobo zeJasminum futhi zidabuka ezifundeni ezifudumele zase-Eurasia naseNyakatho Afrika. Kulezi zinhlobo ezingama-200 kukhona, eziningi zazo ziyizihlahlana ezinamagatsha akhuphukayo anamaqabunga ahlala eluhlaza, kepha kukhona ezinye ezibunqamule noma eziluhlaza. Lezi zingakhiwa ngamapheshana amathathu noma zibe yi-odd-pinnate, nombala ocwebezelayo omnyama.

Ziqhakaza entwasahlobo ngokujwayelekile. Izimbali zayo zakhiwe ngamacembe amahlanu kanye nama-stamen amabili, zingama-hermaphroditic futhi zivame ukuba mhlophe, yize kukhona eziphuzi.. Ziyiphunga elimnandi kakhulu, zinephunga elimnandi. Uma esevuthiwe, akhiqiza amajikijolo amnyama anezinhlamvu ezifika kwezine.

Kuyini?

UJasmine isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, ngokwesibonelo ukuhlobisa ama-balcony, ama-lattices, noma okunjalo. Kodwa kanjani izimbali zayo nazo zisetshenziselwa i-aromatherapy, ukwelapha ukudangala, noma ukuqwasha.

Izinhlobo zeJasmine

Okuthakazelisa kakhulu engadini ngokungangabazeki yileyo esizokukhombisa yona ngezansi. Yilezo ezikhiqiza izimbali eziningi, futhi lezo ezinakekelwa kalula:

IJasminum azoricum

El jasmine kusuka kuma-azores, noma i-jasmine enephunga likalamula njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi, ingumuntu okhuphuka njalo okhula aze afike kumamitha ayi-6 ubude. Izimbali zayo zimhlophe futhi zihluma ngamaqoqo ezimbali. Imelana nesithwathwa esibuthakathaka futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuye ku -5ºC.

AmaJasminum fruticans

El i-jasmine yasendle kuyisitshalo somdabu esifundeni saseMedithera. Ngaphezu komqansa, iyisihlahlana esifinyelela kumamitha amabili ukuphakama. Izimbali zakhona ziphuzi, futhi zinikezwa lapho zidabuka khona, zisekela amakhaza kahle aze afike ku -7ºC.

UJasminum grandiflorum

El ujasmine wasebukhosini Kuyisitshalo esikhuphukayo esikhula endle ezintabeni zaseHimalaya. Ifinyelela kumamitha angama-7 ukuphakama uma inokusekelwa, futhi ikhiqiza izimbali ezimhlophe yize inamathinki abomvana ngesikhathi esimnandi sonyaka. Imelana namakhaza abuthaka aze afike ku -4 -C.

Jasminum mesnyi

El i-jasmine ephuzi Sihlala sihlala sihlala siluhlaza, yize singalahla amaqabunga uma isimo sezulu sibanda kakhulu, ngeziqu ezilengayo zivame kakhulu eChina. Ikhula ize ifike kumamitha angu-3, nezimbali zayo eziphuzi zihluma cishe unyaka wonke. Isekela kuze kufike ku -7ºC.

I-Jasminum odoratissimum

El ujasmine onukayo, owaziwa nangokuthi iCanary jasmine noma i-jasmine yasendle, isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza okwenzeka eMadeira naseCanary Islands. Ingafinyelela phakathi kwamamitha amane kuya kwayisithupha ukuphakama, futhi ikhiqiza izimbali eziphuzi kakhulu kusuka ebusika kuya entwasahlobo. Yiqiniso, ayisekeli isithwathwa.

I-Jasminum officinale

El i-jasmine ejwayelekile noma iJasmine yamaMoor, ngumqali womdabu wezindawo ezifana ne-Iran, Afghanistan noma nentshonalanga yeChina. Ifinyelela kumamitha angama-6 ukuphakama, nezimbali zayo ezimhlophe zihluma ngamaqoqo entwasahlobo. Ixhasa kuze kufike ku -10ºC, noma kunconywa ukuyivikela uma yehla ngezansi -4ºC kungaba ngendwangu yokuqinisekisa isithwathwa noma ngepulasitiki yokushisa.

UJasminum polyanthum

Eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Chinese jasmine noma i-China jasmine, lesi yisitshalo esikhuphukayo, njengoba igama laso libonisa, sidabuka eChina. Luhlala luhlaza njalo, futhi ifinyelela kumamitha angama-5 ukuphakama inqobo nje uma inokwesekwa okufanele ikhuphuke. Izimbali zimhlophe, futhi zivela entwasahlobo. Isekela amaqhwa ngezikhathi ezithile afinyelela ku -2ºC.

Jasmine sambac

La i-sampaguita, njengoba ibizwa kanjalo, yisihlahlana esidabuka eHimalaya ukuthi ifinyelela kumamitha angama-5 ukuphakama. Izimbali zimhlophe, zinamakha kakhulu, futhi zinobuciko bokuthi azivezi imbewu; ukuze ziphindaphindwe kuphela ngokusikwa okuphakathi. Ayikwazi ukumelana namakhaza.

Ukunakekelwa kukaJasmine

Uma ufuna ukuba nesitshalo se-jasmine engadini yakho noma ebhodweni, uzoba nentshisekelo yokwazi ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwaso kuyini, akunjalo? Ngemuva kwalokho ngezansi sizochaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ihlala kanjani iphilile futhi inhle:

Indawo

UJasmine ukhula elangeni eligcwele nasemthunzini omncane, ukuze ukwazi ukukubeka zombili ngaphansi kokukhanya okucwengekileyo okudlula emaqabunga esihlahla sesundu ngokwesibonelo, njengakwi-lattice evezwe enkosini yenkanyezi ngqo.

Ukuphela kwento okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi, uma unayo ebhodweni, akudingeki uyihlanganise nanoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo, ngoba uma kungenjalo kuzoba nokuncintisana phakathi kwabo, futhi bobabili bazokwenza konke okusemandleni ukuthola isikhala futhi izakhamzimba ezikwi-substrate., okungazenza buthaka.

Inhlabathi noma i-substrate

• Isibindi: kuyadingeka ukuthi umhlaba ulula futhi uvundile. Uyesaba ukugcwala kwamanzi.
• Imbiza yezimbali: ungayigcwalisa nge-substrate ekhulayo yendawo yonke (iyathengiswa lapha), kepha bekungeke kulimaze ukufaka ungqimba lobumba (kuyathengiswa lapha) ngaphambi kokubeka i-substrate. Lokhu kuzovumela amanzi ukuba aphume ngokushesha emigodini yamanzi.

Ukunisela

Kufanele unisele i-jasmine njalo, cishe izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ngeviki ngesikhathi sasehlobo, kanye nangonyaka wonke kanye ngesonto. Kubalulekile ukuthi, uma unayo ebhodweni, ungafaki ipuleti noma yini ngaphansi kwayo, ngoba izimpande azithandi ukuxhumana njalo namanzi.

Umbhalisile

Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nehlobo ungavundisa isitshalo sakho sejasmine ngamanyolo afana ne-guano (kuyathengiswa lapha), the umquba wesilwane odla kakhulu noma ukusakazwa kwesibungu. Ngakho-ke, uzothola ukuthi ikhule ngamandla futhi ikhiqize izimbali minyaka yonke.

Izihlahla

Ukuthena kuyalulekwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ngoba ukube kwenziwa ngaphambi kwalokhu bekungeke kube kuhle nangekhwalithi ebesingathanda ukuba yikho. Ukwenza lokhu, sizosebenzisa izikele zokuthena (njenge ukhona) ngaphambili sine-magciwane, futhi sinquma iziqu eziphukile, noma ezikhule kakhulu.

Ukufakelwa

Kutshalwa kabusha entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Kumele kwenziwe kuphela uma isitshalo simile kahle ebhodweni; okungukuthi, kuzokwenziwa kuphela uma izimpande ziphuma emigodini yamanzi. Ngale ndlela, uma uyisusa, isinkwa somhlaba ngeke sibhidlike, futhi sizokwazi ukuqala kabusha ukukhula kwaso ngokushesha.

Ukuphindaphinda

Iphindaphindeka ngezinhlamvu nangezinhlamvu ezisemiqolo ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo-ehlobo. Ake sibone ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani:

• Imbewu: kuhlwanyelwa embhedeni wembewu, ngokwesibonelo emathileyi anembobo esisekelweni sawo, agcwaliswe nge-substrate yendawo yonke noma imibhede yezimbewu (iyathengiswa lapha). Kufanele ubeke ubuningi bezimbewu ezimbili kusokhethi ngalinye, bese uzimboza ngenhlabathi encane. Ngemuva kwalokho, iyaniselwa bese ifakwa endaweni enelanga noma enomthunzi omncane. Uma inhlabathi igcinwa inomswakama, izohluma cishe esikhathini esingangenyanga.
• Izinqamu ezinama-semi-Woody: kusikwa izingcezu ezingamasentimitha angaba ngu-30, nangemva kokukhulelwa isisekelo nge ama-ejenti wokuqothula okuzenzela noma ama-hormone anezimpande (ayathengiswa lapha), zitshalwe embizeni ene-vermiculite eniselwe ngaphambili. Ekugcineni, zibekwa emthunzini omncane, kanti i-substrate igcinwa imanzi. Sizokwazi ukuthi konke kuhambe kahle uma sibona ukuthi amaqabunga ahluma.

Isibindi

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-jasmine, ezivela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke ubungqingili buhluka kakhulu kusuka kohlobo oluthile kuye kolunye. Iningi lala esiwabone lapha amelana nesithwathwa, inqobo nje uma engekho kakhulu; kodwa Jasmine sambac ngokwesibonelo ingatshalwa kuphela ngaphandle unyaka wonke uma isimo sezulu sifudumele.

Jabulela i-jasmine yakho!