Halaye da kuma ayyuka na spines spines

Kawai ambaton kalmar "ƙaya" nan da nan ta tuna da wani nau'in tsiro na musamman: murtsunguwa. Rayuwa a wuraren da yanayin zafi zai iya kaiwa har ma ya zarce digiri 50 a ma'aunin Celsius, kuma inda ruwan sama yake na lokaci-lokaci, hanya mafi kyau ta adana ruwa da suka gano ba ita ce samar da ganye ba; ko aƙalla, ba ganye na kowa ba.

Gaskiyar ita ce cewa akwai nau'ikan ƙaya, kuma kowannensu yana da ayyukansa. Don haka Idan kana son sanin komai game da wannan tsarin kariyar na ban mamaki (a tsakanin sauran abubuwa) wanda wasu tsirrai suke dashi, kar ka dauke idanunka daga mai saka idanu .

Menene ƙaya a cikin tsire-tsire?

Kaya (a cikin tsire-tsire) Su tsari ne da kaifin kaifin bakin da za a iya reshe shi kuma, tunda suna da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki, abinda ke cikin kayan tallafi yana da girma sosai. Wannan kuma yana sanya su tsayayye, ba kamar sauran tsarin irinsu ba kamar su stunts, waɗanda basu da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki.

Me yasa wasu tsirrai suke dasu? Da kyau, bari muyi tunani na ɗan lokaci cewa mu tsire ne kuma muna rayuwa a yanki mai bushe, sahara ce, tudu, busassun daji ko daji mai ƙaya. A waɗancan wuraren ba ruwan indo ba kawai ba ne, amma ban da wannan za mu shawo kan wata matsalar, idan za ta yiwu, mafi girma: ƙarancin ruwa. Zai iya yin ruwa mai yawa tsawon kwanaki ko makonni a shekara, amma fari yana wahalar da rayuwarmu mafi yawan watanni.

A cikin yardarmu muna da kwazo sosai na rayuwa, kwatankwacin halittu. Amma samarwa da kula da ganye wani ruwa ne mai matukar girma, kudin da ba zamu iya biya ba. Me muke yi?

Bayyana shi ta hanya mai sauƙi, tsawon shekaru (ɗarurruwa, dubbai ko wataƙila miliyoyin shekaru), kuma muddin yanayin yankin ya kasance ko ƙasa da haka, za mu daina samar da ganye gama gari don canza su sannu-sannu su zama ƙaya, waɗanda ba sa buƙatar ruwa mai yawa da waɗancan, ƙari, na iya yi mana sabis don wasu mahimman abubuwa masu muhimmanci waɗanda za mu gani a ƙasa.

Waɗanne nau'ikan akwai?

Akwai nau'ikan ƙaya iri-iri, dangane da asalin su:

• Caulinar ƙaya: sune waɗanda suka samo asali daga canjin tushe, kuma ana iya kiransa raƙuman rassa. Misali, shi prunus spinosa ko Gleditsia triacanthos sun mallake su.
• Leaf spines: sune wadanda suka samo asali daga canjin ganyayyaki, kamar dukkanin waɗancan tsirrai na dangin Cactaceae (cactus), da waɗanda suke na Berberis.
• Nsaya mai tsattsauran ra'ayi: su ne sakamakon canji na tushen, wanda ya faru ta hanyar aikin haɓaka. Suna da wuya sosai.

Menene aikin spines na tsire-tsire?

Yankunan shuke-shuke suna cika ayyuka daban-daban, waɗanda sune masu zuwa:

Rage gumi

Kamar yadda muka tattauna yanzu, waɗannan tsarin suna buƙatar ƙarancin ruwa a yayin samar da su da kuma kulawarsu. Amma a ƙari, ba su da stomata, waɗanda suke ƙwayoyin cuta guda biyu da ke ɓoye a jikin kwayar halittar shuke-shuke kuma hakan yana iyakance rami a tsakaninsu ta yadda ake sadar da iskar gas a cikin tsire-tsire da waɗanda ke waje.

Sabili da haka, asarar mai tsadar ruwa ya ragu sosai.

Suna kiyaye su daga masu farauta

Kamar yadda muka sani, akwai dabbobi masu ciyawa, da wasu waɗanda suke son cin tsire-tsire lokaci-lokaci. Idan ga waɗannan 'haɗarin' mun ƙara fari da matsanancin zafi wanda zai iya kasancewa a wasu wurare, yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye kanku. Kuma hanya mafi kyau don yin hakan ita ce ta samar da ƙaya.

Kodayake koyaushe ba za su iya cika aikinsu ba (misali, lokacin da mai farauta ya zama katantanwa mara kyau), a gaba ɗaya suna da fa'ida sosai don zama lafiya.

Suna aiki azaman 'laima'

Gaskiyar cewa tsiro yana da jikinsa ƙaya, hanya ce ta kare kanka daga rana. Tabbas, wannan kariyar zata kasance mafi girma ko ƙasa dangane da halayen waɗannan ƙayayyun: idan suna da tsawo kuma suna da yawa sosai, ba tare da wata shakka ba jikinku zai zama mai fallasa ga sarki tauraruwa kamar yana da wasu da / ko idan yana da gajere sosai.

Suna iya tara ruwa

Ko ana ruwa ko kuma kawai abin da yake akwai raɓa, kowane ɗigon ruwa da aka ɗora a jikin ƙaya ana fuskantar shi zuwa jikin shuke-shuke, inda zasu shiga cikin pores. Tare da wannan tsarin to, zasu iya zama cikin ruwa, koda kuwa suna rayuwa cikin hamada.

Ta yaya ƙaya take da amfani ga mutane?

A yau, tsire-tsire masu ƙaya suna da amfani kawai ... na tsaro. Suna da ban sha'awa sosai don samun misali azaman shinge na kariya; kodayake akwai wasu da aka tattara don kyawun tsarin tsaronsu, kamar su cacti.

A gefe guda, sananne ne cewa a da, da kuma har yanzu a yau, kabilun asali suna amfani da su azaman kayan aiki, galibi farauta.

5 shuke-shuke da ƙaya ga lambun

Don gamawa, idan kuna son samun tsire-tsire masu ƙayoyi a cikin lambun ku, to, za mu ba da shawarar waɗannan biyar:

Bishiyar asparagus

An san shi da asparagus na sickle, da Bishiyar asparagus Shine tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da manyan ganye waɗanda za a iya kuskurewa da gora ... duk da cewa sam ba haka ba ne. Yana da asalin ƙasar Afirka ta kudu, kuma yana da ƙayatarwa da ƙayatacciyar shrub ɗin wannan ya kai tsayin mita 6 zuwa 7. Furannin nata farare ne da turare.

Ba ya tsayayya da sanyi. Ya dace da noman cikin gida.

berberis

El berberis tsarrai ne na shuke-shuken shuke-shuken shuke-shuken da ya dogara da jinsunan ƙasashen Turai, Asiya, Afirka, Arewacin da Kudancin Amurka cewa isa tsawo na kimanin mita 1-4. Furannin suna da sauki ko a cikin gungu, launin rawaya ko lemo mai launi, kuma 'ya'yan itacen sune' ya'yan itacen da ake ci amma suna da wahalar tattarawa saboda yawan ƙayayuwar da waɗannan tsiro suke da ita.

Suna tsayayya da sanyi da sanyi zuwa -12ºC.

Echinocactus grusonii

Wanda aka sani da uwar miji, kwallon zinare, ganga ta zinariya ko busasshiyar bushiya, da Echinocactus grusonii jinsin murtsunguwa ne wanda ke dauke da sanduna masu karfi wadanda ke da matukar damuwa zuwa tsakiyar Mexico. Yana da duniyan duniya da na dunƙule, wanda akan lokaci zai iya yin tsayi sama da mita 1.

Yana hana ƙarfi sanyi zuwa -2 fC.

Phoenix dactylifera

Wanda aka sani da kwanan wata, dabino gama gari, Phoenix, tamara ko dabino / dabino, da Phoenix dactylifera jinsin dabino ne da ke kudu maso yammacin Asiya. Yana girma zuwa tsayin mita 30, tare da keɓaɓɓen akwati ko multicaule (tare da tushe mai yawa) na 20 zuwa 50cm a diamita kowannensu. Ganyayyaki masu juzu'i ne da juyayi, kuma furanninsu suna haɗuwa a cikin inflorescences waɗanda ke tsirowa daga tofa (ganyayyun da aka gyara masu kare furannin) masu launin ruwan kasa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne,' ya'yan jan-kirji yayin da suka manyanta kuma ake ci.

Yana jurewa sanyi da sanyi zuwa -12ºC. A cikin Tsibirin Canary yana dauke da tsire-tsire masu mamayewa, kuma an haramta cinikinsu, mallakarsu da gabatarwa ga muhalli.

prunus spinosa

Wanda aka sani da bajin, da prunus spinosa itaciya ce mai ƙayatarwa da ƙaya daga Centralasar Tsakiya da Kudancin Turai cewa ya kai tsayin mita 4 zuwa 5. Kambin ta yana da girma sosai kuma yana da rassa, kuma yana yin furanni a lokacin bazara yana samar da fararen furanni. 'Ya'yan itacen shine blackthorn, drupe na shuɗi, shuɗi ko launin baƙi wanda aka yaba don bayani game da pacharán.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Me kuka gani game da wannan batun? Shin kun san cewa spines na shuke-shuke na iya samun ayyuka da yawa haka?