Barkono mai kararrawa: namo, amfani da ƙari

El Barkono mai kararrawa, wanda sunansa na kimiyya Capsicum shekara guda var. shekara, Yana da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin yankuna masu zafi da dumi na duniya, kuma ba ƙasa da hakan ba: 'ya'yan itacen ta suna da ƙamshin gaske, mai daɗi ga mutane da yawa. Bugu da kari, shuka daya na iya samar da wadatacce ga dangi don shirya abinci mai dadi a lokacin kakar.

Noma da kiyayewar sune dace da sabon shigayayin da yake girma da sauri, ko an tukunya ko an dasa shi a gonar. Kuma idan baku yarda da ni ba, ku bi shawarar da zan baku a cikin wannan keɓaɓɓiyar game da ɗayan kayan marmarin da aka fi so, kuma ku gaya mani 🙂.

Halayen barkono mai kararrawa

Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai daɗewa a asalin asalinsa amma ana yin shi azaman shekara-shekara a cikin yankuna masu ƙarancin ra'ayi waɗanda ke zaune a Mesoamerica, inda aka fara nome shi don amfanin ɗan adam sama da shekaru dubu 6000 da suka gabata. An san shi da sunaye gama gari na barkono kararrawa, paprika, barkono, barkono mai zaki, barkono mai kararrawa, ko barkono mai kararrawa.

Yana girma zuwa tsayi na kusan 75 santimita, kuma yana da nauyin ɗaukar hoto. Emsayoyi biyu suna fitowa daga kowane reshe, waɗanda kuma suka kasu kashi biyu, wato, tsire-tsire ne wanda ke da reshe iri biyu. Ganyayyaki cikakke ne, masu sauƙi, tare da siffa mai-olong-oblong, tare da jijiya ta tsakiya mai gani, koren launi, kuma tsawonsa tsawon 4cm. Furannin ƙananan ne, kaɗaita, kuma suna bayyana a cikin sifofin rassan, kuma farare ne.

'Ya'yan itacen, babu shakka mafi halayyar wannan shuka, Berry ne wanda yake daukar siffofi iri daban-daban: yana iya zama zagaye, mai-siffar zuciya, mai motsi ko murabba'i, kuma ya kasance fari zuwa ja a launi, mafi yawanci shine rawaya, kore da ja.. Nauyin sa ya kasance daga gramsan gram zuwa rabin kilo.

A halin yanzu akwai nau'o'in noma da yawa, gami da Jalapeño, Cayenne (ko Cayenne), Idon Tsuntsaye, Thai ko Marmara. A Spain wadanda aka fi horarwa su ne: Padrón, Verde ko Cristal a matsayin barkono mai zaki; Morrón, Ele ko Zaɓi don adanawa; Ñora ko Chilli barkono na paprika; o Rawaya daga Hungary don tsinkar tsami.

Yaya ake girma?

Idan kana son samun 'ya'yan barkono masu kararrawa da yawa a lambun ka ko a farfajiyar ka, ka sanya wadannan a zuciya:

Shuka

Don samun kyakkyawan girbi dole ne ku shuka tsaba a cikin bazara, kai tsaye a cikin trays na shuka, mai bi:

1. Cika tiren da matsakaicin tsire-tsire na duniya (kuma zaku iya amfani da wanda aka shirya don Seedbeds).
2. Sanya matsakaicin tsaba biyu a cikin kowane soket, kaɗan rabu da juna idan su biyu suka tsiro.
3. Ka lulluɓe su da ƙaramin alam, kaɗan yadda ba za su iya tashi ba idan iska ta kaɗa.
4. Saka tiren a cikin wani - wanda bashi da rami- saika cika na ƙarshen da ruwa kimanin santimita 2, don haka ana shuka ruwan da aka shuka.
5. Yanzu, sanya ciyawar a cikin yankin inda yake samun wadataccen haske na ɗabi'a, idan zai yiwu kai tsaye.
6. Rike substrate mai danshi, amma ba ruwa bane.

En 10 kwanakin na farko zasu fara tsirowa.

Dasawa

Bayan kamar wata 1 ko wata daya da rabi, Lokacin da tsirrai suke da girman da za'a iya sarrafawa (mafi ƙarancin girman 5cm), lokaci zai yi da za'a canza su zuwa tukwanen mutum kimanin 20cm a diamita, ta amfani da kayan kwalliyar duniya, sanya su cikin rana mai haske ko a wani wuri mai haske.

Bayan karin watanni biyu, zaka iya dasa su a cikin lambun a layuka da barin 50cm tsakanin tsirrai, ko matsar da su zuwa manyan tukwane.

Bell kararrawa kula da kiyayewa

Da zarar shukar suka wuce mahimmin lokaci - a cikin lamarin su shine farkon watanni ukun rayuwa kusan-, zaka iya fara kula dasu kamar haka:

• Yanayi: muna ci gaba da kiyaye su a wuraren da haske mai yawa ya shiga.
• Watse: mai yawaitawa. Guji barin sarin ya bushe, amma kuma yasha ruwa. Ba abu mai kyau ba a sanya farantin a ƙarƙashin su, sai dai idan an cire ruwan da ya wuce minti 15 bayan an sha ruwa.
• Mai Talla: a duk tsawon lokacin dole ne a sanya musu takin gargajiya, ya zama taki, jifa da tsutsa, guano, ko duk abin da kuka fi so.
• Mai jan tsami: Dole ne ku cire ƙarshen kowace kara da zarar shukar ta kafa kanta, ta wannan hanyar zata fitar da ƙananan rassa kuma ta samar da ofa fruitan itace da yawa.
• Girbi: an girbe 'ya'yan itacen kore ko lokacin da suka sami launi, kimanin kwanaki 200 bayan shuka (yana iya zama a baya idan yanayi ya kasance mai sauƙi da dumi). Dole ne ku yanke su da kusan 3cm na tushe.

Annoba da cututtuka

Tsirrai ne wanda kwari da ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban zasu iya kaiwa hari, kuma ta hanyar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda zasu iya cutar dashi sosai.

Karin kwari

• Aphids: suna auna kusan 0,5cm a tsayi, kuma suna hutawa akan furannin wani lokacin kuma akan tushe, suna lalata su. Ana yakarsu da Man Neem.
• Ja gizo-gizo: su ƙananan ƙanana ne masu ɗanɗano, kusan 0cm, masu iya ƙirƙirar gidan yanar gizo. Yana ciyarwa akan ƙwayoyin shuke-shuke, musamman a ƙasan ganyen, inda launuka kore masu haske zasu fara bayyana wanda ya bambanta da lafiyayyen koren ganye. Ana iya amfani dashi tare da Man Neem da Sabulu mai ƙanshi.
• Ganyen kwari: mai ciyar da ganyaye da tushe. Ana yaƙar su da Bacillus thuringiensis (wata kwayar cuta ce da zaku samu na siyarwa a cikin wuraren nursery), ko kuma yanke ɗanyen tafarnuwa ɗaya ko biyu a saka a kusa da shukar.

Cututtuka

• Bakin ciki bakin ciki: cuta ce da wani naman gwari ke yadawa a matakin wuya, inda take samar da wuri mai duhu wanda ya faɗaɗa cikin kwayar. Maganin ya kunshi kawar da tsire-tsire.
• fusarium: cuta ce ta fungal (wacce kwayar halittar ta Fusarium ta watsa), wanda ke afkawa ganyen, inda ko kuma wasu raƙuman rawaya masu rawaya zasu bayyana. Ana iya yaƙar ta tare da kayan gwari na halitta (jan ƙarfe ko sulphur) a cikin bazara, amma a lokacin rani ya fi kyau a yi amfani da kayan gwari masu tsari kamar alamomin da aka ƙayyade akan marufin.

Barkono barkono yana amfani

Wannan tsire-tsire ne wanda ake amfani dashi azaman tsire-tsire na kayan lambu don fruitsa ,an shi, wanda za'a iya cinye sabo, soyayyen ko dafa shi. Amma dole ne a ce wadannan barkono kusan dukkansu ruwa ne, kuma suna da bitamin, alli, sodium, sunadarai, ... gara na bar muku nasu sunadarai hade:

Ruwa 94%
Carbohydrates 3,7% (fiber 1,2%)
Lipids 0,2%
Sunadarai 0,9%
Sodium 0,5 mg / 100 g
Alli 12 mg / 100 g
Iron 0mg / 5g
Potassium 186 mg / 100 g
Phosphorus 26 MG / 100 g
Ascorbic acid (Vit. C) 131 mg / 100 g
Retinol (Vit. A) 94 mg / 100 g
Thiamine (Vit. B1) 0,05 mg / 100 g
Riboflavin (Vit. B2) 0,04 mg / 100 g
Folic acid (Vit. B3) microgram 11/100 g

Kadarorin barkono mai kararrawa

Kamar dai hakan bai isa ba, suna da kyawawan kayan magani: wadataccen bitamin C garkuwar jikinka zata iya kare ka daga cututtuka sosai, taimaka rauni warkar, yana diuretic, yana daidaita cholesterol y sun dace da mata masu ciki da yara saboda sinadarin folic acid dinta.

Don haka me kuke jira don haɓaka su? 🙂