Shukar Leek

Leck yana daya daga cikin tsire -tsire na dangin liliaceae, kamar yadda ake yi da tafarnuwa da albasa. Suna da sauƙin girma da rashin ƙarfi, suna mai da su dacewa don samun su a lambun ku na birni. Ofaya daga cikin fa'idodin da yake bayarwa akan sauran amfanin gona shine cewa baya ɗaukar sarari da yawa kuma ana iya girbe shi na dogon lokaci. Bangaren cin abinci na tsiron da farar kara shine abin da ke ba da dandano mai daɗi da ƙanshi ga miya da santsi. Duk da haka al'adun leek yana da wasu fannoni da za a yi la’akari da su.

Don haka, za mu sadaukar da wannan labarin don gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da noman lemo da halayen sa.

Bukatun yanayi a noman tashar jiragen ruwa

Ana iya girma Leek a kowane yanayi, ko da yake yana aiki mafi kyau a wuraren da ke da yanayi mai ɗumi da danshi ko lokacin neman lokacin da ya fi dacewa na shekara don dasawa. Leeks yawanci suna da ƙarfi, kodayake wasu nau'ikan sun fi son zafi, yanayin zafi. Yana buƙatar mafi kyawun zafin jiki na gina jiki na kimanin 13 zuwa 24ºC.

Leeks na iya daidaitawa da kyau zuwa ƙasa mai zurfi, sanyi mai wadatar da kwayoyin halitta. Bai dace da ƙasa mai yawan alkalinity ba, kuma ba don ƙasa mai acidity ba, saboda amfanin gona ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke tallafawa iyakar acidity na kusan pH 6. Hakanan ba su dace da duwatsu ba, ƙarancin ruwa da ƙasa mara kyau, kamar haɓakar kwan fitila mara kyau. Tabbas, abubuwan da ake buƙata na noman leeks a cikin ƙasa suna da kama da na albasa da tafarnuwa.

Ana yaduwa a cikin noman lemo ta hanyar tsaba. Ana yin shuka a cikin gadaje, kusan 8 zuwa 10 g / m2, kuma ana iya samar da kusan tsirrai 800 a kowace m2, wanda za a binne ko rufe daga baya. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa na kimanin watanni biyu har sai sun kai tsayin kusan 15-20 cm kafin a dasa su zuwa yankin da aka dasa.

Shuka

Dole ne a fara yin aiki mai zurfi don samun ƙasa mai laushi da soso; to ana gudanar da wannan aikin tono. A sarari tsakanin layuka yawanci 20 zuwa 40 cm kuma tazara tsakanin tsirrai shine 13 zuwa 15 cm. Yana da kyau a shuka tsaba kafin shuka.Dankon shuka yawanci a watan Agusta da Satumba ne, da girbi a lokacin hunturu. Ana iya yin shuka da hannu ko ta tukunya.

A yankunan ban ruwa, Yawan shuka yawanci yakan kai tsakanin tsirrai 300.000 zuwa 350.000 / ha, yayin da a yankunan da ake samun ruwan sama, yawan shuka shine tsirrai 200.000 / ha. Ban ruwa yana da matukar muhimmanci a noman leeks, saboda duk amfanin gona dole ne ya kasance yana da ɗimbin dindindin. Yin amfani da ciyawar sunadarai na iya adana lokacin aiki, amma yakamata a yi la’akari da taka tsantsan da ke tattare da amfani da waɗannan magunguna.

Kamar yadda za mu kasance a cikin lambun gida, muna da babban fa'ida cewa zai ɗauki ɗan sarari. Wannan zai ba mu ɗaki don sauran shuke -shuke waɗanda za su iya yin haɗin gwiwa tare da leek. Tare da shuke -shuke da mafi kyawun abokan tarayya shine karas, tumatir da strawberries. Yana da kyau kada a cakuda al'adun leek tare da wasu tsirrai kamar su wake, letas, peas da radish. Dangane da jujjuyawar, tunda itace ce mai tsayi kuma mai ɗanɗano, za mu mutunta juyawa na shekaru 3 ko 4 kafin mu sake shuka ko dasa su a wuri guda.

Don taki a cikin amfanin gona na ƙauyen, wannan shuka da potassium suna buƙatar nitrogen sosai tunda ƙarshen yana da alaƙa da haɓaka tushen da samuwar ganye.

Ƙwari da cututtuka a cikin amfanin gonar leek

Farin albasa

Yana yin sanyi a ƙasa a matakin ɗalibi. Ana gano ƙarni na farko a tsakiyar Maris ko farkon Afrilu. Haihuwa yana farawa kwanaki 15-20 bayan bayyanar su. Suna yin ƙwai ɗaya -ɗaya ko ƙungiya kusan ƙwai 20 kusa da wuya, a ƙasa ko akan ma'aunin shuka. Launin kwai fari ne matte. Lokacin shiryawa shine kwanaki 2 zuwa 7. Yawan tsararraki shine 4 zuwa 5 kuma yana cutar da furanni da gabobin gabobi daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.

Sashin saman takardar ya zama fari sannan ya mutu. Harin tsutsa yana tare da rubewar ɓangaren ɓangaren kwan fitila da abin ya shafa saboda yana son shigar da ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana lalata kwan fitila. Yana haifar da lahani mai yawa ga tsaba da dasawa.

Hanyar kai farmakin wannan kwaro ta disinfection iri ko ta iska.

Tafiya

Yana daya daga cikin manyan kwari da za su iya kai hari ga amfanin gonar leek. A cikin zafi, busasshen lokacin bazara, mamayewa yana yawaita kuma yana iya yaduwa yana haifar da babbar illa. Larva da babba na cizo a ƙarshe rawaya da bushe ganye. Idan an kai masa hari sosai, shuka zai iya so, musamman idan yana faruwa a farkon matakan ci gaban shuka.

Albasa asu

Wannan kwari shine malam buɗe ido tare da fuka -fuki na 15 mm. Fuka-fukansa na gaba sun fi launin shuɗi-shuɗi-shuɗi mai launin shuɗi kuma an ɗora su da ƙananan sikeli; fukafukansa na baya sun yi launin toka. Tsutsa mai launin rawaya ce mai launin ruwan kasa, tsawonta 15-18 mm. A karshen watan Mayu, mata suna sanya kwai a kan ganye. Da zarar tsutsotsi su kan fado, sai su shiga ciki, suna haifar da ramuka a cikin ganyayyaki. Bayan kimanin makonni uku, suna shiga cikin ƙasa, inda suke yin hibernate da metamorphose a cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa, suna haifar da lalacewa yayin da caterpillars ke shiga cikin ramin ganye a cikin harbe.

Ci gaban shuka ya gurgunta, ganyayyaki sun zama rawaya kuma shuka a ƙarshe tana ruɓewa saboda yana iya haifar da cututtukan fungal na biyu.

Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da noman lemo da halayen sa.